The reactions of semicarbazide hydrochloride with aliphatic and alicyclic ketones were studied kinetically at 15, 25, 35 and 45℃ in 20% ethanol solution buffered at pH 2.9. The rate of cyclohexanone semicarbazone formation is 5.5 times as fast as that of cyclopentanone semicarbazone, while 3-pentanone semicarbazone is 4.7 times as slow as that of 2-pentanone, The activation energy of cyclohexanone, 2-pentanone, 2 hexanone, cyclopentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone and 3-pentanone semicarbazone formation are calculated 5.08, 7.52, 8.79, 9.59, 9.49, 11.59, respectively. It is concluded from the effect of ionic strength that the reaction is affected by not ion but neutral molecules being progressed hydrogen bond between oxygen atom of carbonyl group and hydrogen atom of acid-catalyst and concerted nucleophilic attack of free base on the carbonly compound. Dependence on pH of the rate of 2-pentanone semicarbozone formation is linear relationship below pH 4.60 and above pH 5.60. As a result of studing citric acid catalysis, second order constants increase linearly with citric acid concentration. As the catalyst concentration is varied from 0.025 to 0.10 mol/1 at pH 2.90, the rate constants increase 1.4 times, but slight increase is observed at pH 5.60. Conclusively, the rate-determining step is formation of tetrahedral interemediate below pH 4.65 and dehydration between pH 5.60 and pH 7.11. It is concluded that the formation reaction of cyclohexanone semicarbazone is faster than cyclopentanone semicarbazone due to the steric strain in the process of forming tetrahedral intermediate.

속리산지역 소나무림의 식물군집구조분석 및 보존대책을 위하여 20개소에 조사구(1개 조사구당 l0×10m 방형구 5개씩 설치)를 설정하고 식생조사를 실시하여 얻은 자료에 대하여 TWINSPAN에 의한 classification 방법과 DCA ordination방법을 적용하였다. 본 조사에서는 classification과 DAC ordination방법에 의한 군집분리가 명확하지 않았다. 추정된 천이과정은 교목상층에서는 소나무→졸참나무, 쇠물푸레나무, 갈참나무, 팥배나무, 산벚나무→서어나무, 까치박달나무의 순이었고, 교목하층에서는 개옻나무, 생강나무→쪽동백, 당단풍, 노린재나무→비목나무, 덜꿩나무의 순이었다. 속리산지역 소나무림을 보존하기 위해서는 방해극상적인 생태적 관리방법에 의해 교목하층에 자라고 있는 활엽수를 제거하여야 한다.