This study investigated the properties of lightweight foamed concrete by using surfactant and synthetic foaming agent, lightweight aggregate. The effects of foaming agent types and replacing ratio of lightweight aggregate on the compressive strength, density and pore structure of the concrete were investigated. This study showed the improvement of important properties of lightweight foamed concrete. Lower pore distribution and correspondingly higher compressive strength values were reached. Also, synthetic foaming agent had more positive effect on the strength of foamed concrete.

The conventional method for estimating compressive strength of concrete has been suggested by considering only 1 to 3 influential factors. In this study, seven influential mixture factors (Water-Cement Ratio, Water, Cement, Fly ash, Blast furnace slag, Curing temperature, and humidity) of papers opened for 10 years were collected at three conferences in order to know tendency of data. The purpose of this paper is to estimate compressive strength more accurately by applying it to algorithm of the Deep learning.

Recently, Advanced water treatment facilities with Ozone are being introduced domestically. However, waterproofing/corrosion prevention construction method of concrete structure for existing advanced water treatment makes waterproofing/corrosion prevention materials and concrete deteriorated because of strong oxidation of ozone. Therefore, in this study, It was evaluated in Permeability Evaluation of metal spraying coating.

In this study, flexural and tensile properties of pre-cast UHPC deck joints with surface treatment applied to fields were evaluated. It showed that all specimen set experimental variables satisfied sufficient resisting load efficiency and crack standard.

In this study, we analyzed the effect of heating curing on apartment construction in clod weather frame construction. The temperature was measured using a temperature sensor in winter and in non-winter season, the temperayure difference in the winter concrete temperature history was more than 10 degrees.

In this study, Corrosion behavior in mortar was observed by the passage of time by using EIS method. As a result of EIS experiment, equivalent circuit and changes of Impedance parameter could be observed. In addition, it was confirmed that impedance of rebar in concrete and corrosion rate according to the amount of NaCl and LiNO2 were different.

본 연구에서는 저온환경에서 콘크리트 동해를 방지하기 위해 생석회의 화학반응을 활용한 발열시트 및 단열재를 사용하여 제작한 거푸집 특성을 실험을 통해 평가하였다. -10°C 정온조건에서 거푸집 실험 결과, 발열시트가 부착된 거푸집의 경우 발열시트 내부 생석회의 발 열로 인해 타설 초기에 일반거푸집에 비해 10°C이상 높은 온도이력을 보여주었고 단열재를 부착한 거푸집의 경우 콘크리트 수화열을 보존하 여 지속적으로 높은 온도를 유지하는 특징을 나타냈다. 아이소핑크와 발열시트를 부착한 거푸집과 진공단열재를 붙인 거푸집이 압축강도나 적산온도에서 가장 높은 값을 가졌다. 압축강도 측정시 진공단열재 및 아이소핑크와 발열시트를 부착한 거푸집이 재령 3일에서 약 5 MPa로 가 장 높게 측정되었다. 몽골 현지 외기온도에서도 실험을 하였는데 앞선 결과와 마찬가지로 발열시트, 단열재를 함께 붙인 거푸집이 48시간 동안 25°C 이상으로 가장 높은 온도이력를 나타내었다. 따라서 거푸집에 발열시트 및 단열재 부착을 함으로써 발열 및 단열효과로 인해 저온환경에 서 콘크리트 강도발현에 도움을 주는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

본 논문은 전기로 산화슬래그 골재를 사용하여 콘크리트를 제작하여 물리적 성능을 평가하였다. 실험은 전기로 산화슬래그 골재를 치환하여(잔골재-굵은골재) 0%-0%, 0%-100%, 50%-100%, 100%-100%으로 각 4수준으로 일반강도영역 W/C 45%와 고강도영역인 W/C 30% 의 2수준으로 제작하여 진행하였다. 굳지 않은 콘크리트에서는 공기량, 플로우 및 슬럼프, 단위용적질량 실험을 진행하였으며, 경화 콘크리트 에서는 압축강도 및 휨강도, 단위용적질량 실험을 통하여 물리적 특성을 검토하였다. 본 연구의 실험결과 전기로 산화슬래그의 혼입량이 증가 함에 따라 콘크리트의 강도 증진 효과가 나타났으며, 이는 전기로 산화슬래그 골재 내에 β-C2S로 인하여 골재 내외부에서 강도 증진 효과를 발 휘한 것으로 사료된다.

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 강화된 성공기대 확률에 대한 수행 및 학습효과를 시험하는 것이었다. 방법: 30명의 여대생들이 실험에 참여하였고 이들에게는 실험의 목적에 관련된 어떠한 정보도 제공되지 않았다. 이들은 10cm, 20cm, 30cm 골프 홀 조건에 배정되었고 집단분류 검사를 통해 각각 20%, 60%, 90% 성공 기대 집단으로 구분되었다. 실험과제는 클리베트의 퍼팅과제를 응용한 2m 과제였다. 첫째 날 참가자들은 사전검사와 집단분류검사에 참여하였다. 수집된 자료를 분석하여 세 집단 간에 골프 퍼팅 능력에 차이가 없음을 확인하였다. 종속변인은 전체오차였다. 습득단계의 경우, 마지막 요인을 반복 측정하는 3(집단)×6(분단)요인 설계 하에 이루어졌다. 파지, 전이검사는 일원변량 분석이 사용되었다. 결과: 실험결과, 골프 홀의 크기가 커질수록 성공기대확률은 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 습득, 파지, 전이검사를 통해 90% 성공기대 집단이 가장 우수한 수행을 보인 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 더 큰 홀의 조건은 성공에 대한 기대를 강화시키고 이것은 골프 퍼팅의 수행과 학습에 긍정적 영향을 미친다는 것이다.

The CALEB10 is a multi-legged biomimetic underwater robot. In the last research, we developed a swimming pattern named ESPG (Extended Swimming Pattern Generator) by observing diving beetle’s swimming actions and experimented with a positive buoyancy state in which CALEB10 floats on the water. In this paper, however, we have experimented with CALEB10 in a neutral buoyancy state where it is completely immersed in water for pitch motion control experiment. And we found that CALEB10 was unstably swimming in the pitch direction in the neutral buoyancy state and analyzed that the reason was due to the weight proportion of the legs. In this paper, we propose a pitch motion control method to mimic the pitch motion of diving beetles and to solve the problem of CALEB10 unstably swimming in the pitch direction. To control the pitch motion, we use the method of controlling additional joints while swimming with the ESPG. The method of obtaining propulsive force by the motion of the leg has a problem of giving propulsive force in the reverse direction when swimming in the surge direction, but this new control method has an advantage that a propulsive moment generated by a swimming action only on a target pitch value. To demonstrate validity this new control method, we designed a dynamics-based simulator environment. And the control performance to the target pitch value was verified through simulation and underwater experiments.

Various non-destructive test have been developed to predict the setting time of concrete. Through the electrical resistivity method(Wenner’s four electrode method), the effect of chemical admixture(AE admixture and superplasticizer) added for setting time of concrete mixtures is confirmed. As a result, it is observed that AE admixture dose not affect to change of concrete microstructure but delaying on setting time, and superplasticizer is affected not delaying on setting time, but changing in concrete’s microstructure

This study investigated the properties of foamed concrete by using surfactant foaming agent and synthetic foaming agent. The effects of foaming agent types on the compressive strength, density and pore structure of the concrete were investigated. The samples were assessed by XRD analysis and simultaneous SEM was used to study their pore distribution. This study showed the improvement of important properties of foamed concrete. Lower pore distribution and correspondingly higher compressive strength values were reached. Also, synthetic foaming agent had more positive effect on the strength of foamed concrete.

As the importance of maintenance of reinforced concrete structures spreads, interest in the durability of structures is increasing. Among them, carbonation of concrete is one of the main deterioration factors of reinforced concrete structures. For quantitative evaluation of carbonation, many researchers are predicting carbonation considering water-cement ratio and environmental requirements. In this study, we studied the parameters based on the concrete made of ordinary Portland cement in the existing experimental data. The depth of carbonation deduced from the learning is applied to the carbonation by applying the deep learning.

Recently, self-healing concrete has been researched as maintenance and repair of concrete structures are important challenges we face. This paper focused on possibility of ion exchange resin as a novelty material directly and actively controlling harmful ions of concrete, whereas most self-healing concrete researches have been focused on methods to automatically filling and repairing internal crack of concrete. Because equilibrium properties between ion exchange resin and harmful ion is important before design of cement mixing proportion, it was conducted to remove chloride or sulfate in saturated Ca(OH)2 solutions containing NaCl or Na2SO4. The removal performance was analyzed using kinetic equation and isothermal equation. Consequently, the removal properties of anion exchange resin were relatively more dependent on pseudo second reaction equation and Langmuir equation than pseudo first reaction equation and Freundlich equation. And it was concluded that each chloride and sulfate can be removed to the maximum 1068 ppm and 1314 ppm.

As the amount of slag generated annually increases, attempts to recycle slag as high value products are underway in order to develop an efficient resource recycling industry based on slag and derive economic benefits as well. However, the application of electric arc furnace (EOS) slag as construction material is practically limited because of the unstable substances included in it, such as free CaO.(EOS contains a small amount of free CaO, but several limitations still exist. Slag is stored for more than 3 months depending on the quantity of slag, which leads to additional economic loss. In this study, the amount of free CaO present in EOS is quantitatively evaluated to examine its qualities as a potential construction material and verify its application as concrete material. The quantitative analysis of free CaO present in EOS is performed using ethylene glycol. The free CaO contents of EOS samples were found to be below 0.5%. This satisfies the criteria specified in KS F 4571, which states that the CaO content should be below 40% and CaO/SiO2 ratio should be below 2.0. In addition, it was confirmed that free CaO content difference appears to be dependent on the aging period and storage position.

Various non-destructive test have been developed to predict the setting time of concrete. Through the electrical resistivity method(Wenner’s four electrode method), the effect of chemical admixture(AE admixture and superplasticizer) added for setting time of concrete mixtures is confirmed. As a result, it is observed that AE admixture dose not affect to change of concrete microstructure but delaying on setting time, and superplasticizer is affected not delaying on setting time, but changing in concrete’s microstructure

This study investigated the properties of foamed concrete by using surfactant foaming agent and synthetic foaming agent. The effects of foaming agent types on the compressive strength, density and pore structure of the concrete were investigated. The samples were assessed by XRD analysis and simultaneous SEM was used to study their pore distribution. This study showed the improvement of important properties of foamed concrete. Lower pore distribution and correspondingly higher compressive strength values were reached. Also, synthetic foaming agent had more positive effect on the strength of foamed concrete

NaCl과 LiNO2의 첨가량에 따른 콘크리트에 매립된 철근의 부식거동을 전기화학적 임피던스 분광법을 이용하여 고찰하였다. 부식 가속 방법중 하나인 건습반복법을 이용하여 단기간 내에 부식현상을 촉진하였으며, 측정된 임피던스 값을 통해 등가회로를 제안할 수 있었다. NaCl 1.2 kg/m3이 첨가된 콘크리트에 매립된 철근의 부동태 피막이 빠르게 파괴되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 염화물 첨가량 대비 0.6M의 LiNO2를 첨가한 경우 부식진행속도가 크게 저하하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 염화물 첨가량 대비 1.2M의 LiNO2를 첨가한 경우 부동태 피 막이 부식가속시간이 지나도 파괴되지 않고 성능이 유지되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Background: Planting vigorous cuttings that quickly develop shoots and roots is essential to the biological and economic success of producing medicinal flowers. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and duration on seedling capacity in the propagation of Chrysanthemum indicum L. and to investigate the effect of rooting media on the growth of C. indicum L. after cutting.Methods and Results:Returning cuttings to supplemental cold storage (2.0 ± 1.0°C) may extend duration of cutting viability 6 weeks, returning cuttings to supplemental warm storage (25.0 ± 1.0°C) is not recommended. The treatment of the growing media experiments, which were conducted in the 2014 planting seasons, included sawdust, river sand, topsoil + sawdust, topsoil + poultry manure, sawdust + river sand, river sand + poultry manure, topsoil + river sand + poultry manure, topsoil + poultry manure + river sand + sawdust. Result indicated that the topsoil + poultry manure media performed best and supported the highest number of branches (3.47), branch length (26.39), and number of leaves (88.63).Conclusions:The results of the present study suggest that cold storage and the topsoil + poultry manure growth media was superior in supporting the early establishment of C. indicum cutting, this result will have a tremendous influence on propagation of this species.

기존 바다낚시공원이나 바다낚시시설은 기타 레저시설 미비, 체험프로그램 및 시설 부족, 편의시설이나 숙박시설 등 부대시설 부족 등으로 인해 증가하는 가족낚시인의 바다낚시 및 해양레저의 복합적 수요에 대응하지 못하고 있다. 이에 바다낚시 및 해양레저의 복합적 수 요에 대응하여 가족이 즐기고 휴식할 수 있는 바다낚시복합타운의 조성이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구는 바다낚시복합타운의 개념을 정립하고 시설유형을 분류한 다음 각 유형별 시설구성안을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 본 연구에서는 어촌복합생활공간, 해양레저생활공간, 낚시공 원사업 등 유사 사례, 관련사업 및 법률을 바탕으로 바다낚시복합타운의 개념을 정립한다. 또한 바다낚시복합타운의 유형을 입지조건 및 활동 형태에 따라 도시근교 레저·스포츠형(Ⅰ형), 도시근교 힐링·휴식형(Ⅱ형), 도시외곽 체험·활동형(Ⅲ형) 그리고 도시외곽 문화·휴양형(Ⅳ형) 네 가지 유형으로 분류하고 각 유형별 특성을 분석하여 유형별 특성에 따른 시설구성안을 제시하며 바다낚시복합타운의 구성시설을 기반시설과 레저시설(기본시설, 특화시설)로 구분하여 구체적인 시설계획안을 제시한다.