국립원예특작과학원에서 2016년 거베라 신품종 ‘샤이핑크 (Shy Pink)’를 육성하였다. ‘Shy Pink’는 2008년 10월부터 2008년 11월까지 녹색 화심의 분홍색 반겹꽃 ‘프리존’과 갈 색 화심의 살구색 반겹꽃 ‘아틸리아’를 교배하여 획득한 실생 72개체 중에서 2009년부터 2016년까지 생육 및 개화특성검 정을 거쳐 선발한 절화용 대륜 거베라 품종이다. ‘샤이핑크 (Shy Pink)’는 화형이 안정적인 갈색 화심의 연분홍색(RHS R49A) 반겹꽃 대륜계 품종이다. 꽃은 평균 직경이 12.4cm이 고, 내부설상화와 화반의 직경은 각각 7.2cm와 2.3cm이다. 외부설상화의 길이와 폭은 각각 6.0cm와 1.2cm로 꽃잎이 좁은 도란형이다. 꽃대 직경은 상부 6.1mm, 중부 7.0mm 정 도로 강건하며, 꽃대의 길이는 48.9cm이다. 절화수명은 12.1 일로 대조구인 ‘하모니(Harmony)’ 12.0일로 유사하였지만 절 화수명이 길며, 연간 채화량은 52.8본/주로 다수성 품종이다.

Subunit vaccines are being developed as a potential therapy for preventing microbial pathogen infection. In this study, the immunogenicity of recombinant Brucella (B.) abortus Fe/Mn superoxide dismutase (rFe/Mn SOD) protein as a subunit vaccine against B. abortus was investigated in BALB/c mice model. Brucella Fe/Mn SOD gene was cloned into a pcold-TF DNA vector. The bacterial recombinant protein was expressed using the Escherichia coli DH5α strain with a size of 82.50 kDa. The western blotting assay showed that rFe/Mn SOD reacted with Brucella-positive serum, indicating the potential immunoreactivity of this recombinant protein. After the second and third vaccinations, the peripheral CD4+ T cell population was increased significantly in the rFe/Mn SOD-immunized mice group compared to the PBS control group. Moreover, immunization of this recombinant protein increased the CD4+ T cell population from the first vaccination to the third vaccination. Meanwhile, the CD8+ T cells were slightly enhanced after the second vaccination compared to the first vaccination and compared to control groups. Fourteen days after the bacterial infection, the splenomegaly and the number of bacteria in the spleen were evaluated. The result showed that both rFe/Mn SOD and positive control RB51 decreased the bacterial replication in the spleen and the splenomegaly compared to control groups. Altogether, these results suggested that rFe/Mn SOD could induce host immunity against B. abortus infection.

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are members of the family Orthomyxoviridae and genus Orthomyxovirus. Avian and mammalian species are the host of IAVs, which includes humans and dogs. Canine influenza virus (CIV) is an emerging pathogen that causes severe and acute respiratory diseases in dogs. This study monitored the antigen and antibody against CIV in dogs in the Republic of Korea (ROK) from 2016 to 2021. One thousand and seventy-two nasal swabs and 1,545 blood samples were collected from animal hospitals and animal shelters. Five nasal swabs in 2017 and seven in 2018 from stray dogs were positive for CIV according to RT-PCR. The prevalence of H3N2 CIV ranged from 9.5% to 24.8%, according to the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. On the other hand, none of the serum samples from 2018 to 2021 showed seropositivity against the avian H5, H7, and H9 viruses. The HI titers for H3N2 ranged from 16 to 512. The distribution of HI titer 16–32 was 57.6% in seropositive samples. The pet dogs were vaccinated against CIV, but the stray and military dogs were unvaccinated. In 2017 and 2018, the seroprevalence of CIV in stray dogs was higher than in the other years, and viral RNA was detected in nasal swabs. It may mean previous exposure of stray dogs to CIV. With the increasing number of pet dogs and the close contact between humans and dogs, canines could serve as an intermediate host for transmitting IAVs to humans. Therefore, continuous surveillance of CIV is needed for public health and the potential emergence of novel zoonotic viruses.

본 연구는 SAP를 국화(Chrysanthemum morifolium) 분화 생산에 활용하고 SAP의 혼합 비율에 따른 물 사용량과 국화 의 생육을 비교하고자 수행하였다. SAP를 배지의 부피비인 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2%로 섞었으며 각각의 처리구는 토양수분함 량 0.50m3･m-3로 일정하게 유지시켰다. 국화의 성장은 초장, 초폭, 뿌리 길이, 개화소요일수를 조사하였다. SAP 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2% 처리구에 따르면 식물체의 초장, 초폭, 생체중은 처리구간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 지하부 건물중에서 는 0.2% SAP 처리가 대조구보다 유의하게 높았다. 실험 기간 동안 SAP의 혼합 비율에 따라 사용되는 관수량에는 상당한 차이가 있었다. 관수량은 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2% SAP 처리에서 각각 43.5, 37.2, 30.1, 29.4L이었다. 결론적으로 동일한 토 양수분조건하에서 SAP의 양에 따른 국화의 생육에는 차이가 없었으나, SAP를 통해 토양의 보수력을 향상시켜 사용되는 물의 양을 크게 줄일 수 있었다.

Emotional labor, characterized by a dysfunctional type of emotional regulation called surface acting, has detrimental psychological consequences on employees, including depression and social anxiety. Because such disorders exhibit psychological characteristics manifested through brain activation, previous studies have succeeded in distinguishing individuals with depression and social anxiety from healthy controls using their functional connectivity characteristics. However, it has not been established whether the functional connectivity characteristics associated with emotional labor are distinguishable. Thus, we obtained resting-state fMRI data from participants in the emotion labor (EL) group and control (CTRL) group, and we subjected their whole-brain functional connectivity matrices to a linear support vector machine classifier. Our analysis revealed that the EL and CTRL groups could be successfully distinguished on the basis of individuals' connectivity patterns, and confidence in the classification was correlated with the scores on the depression and social anxiety scales. These results are expected to provide insight on the neurobiological characteristics of emotional labor and enable the sorting of employees undergoing adverse emotional labor utilizing neurobiological observations.

목적: 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 원시자료를 이용하여 관절성 질환이 안질환에 영향을 미칠 수 있는지 와 그 연관성 정도를 파악하고자 하였다. 방법: 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 자료 중 관절성 질환과 안과 질환 진단여부에 응답한 만 50세 이상 의 성인 총 3,243명을 대상으로 두 질병간의 연관성을 분석하였으며, p<0.050인 경우 유의한 것으로 판단하였다. 결과 : 백내장, 녹내장, 황반변성의 주요 3대 안과 질환은 관절염 및 골관절염과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 모든 변수를 보정한 상태에서 관절염은 1.296배(95% CI: 1.054~1.594) 정도 백내장의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나 타났으며, 황반변성은 2.413배(95% CI: 1.172~4.968) 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 골관절염은 2.758배(95% CI: 1.342~5.668) 황반변성의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 관절염과 골관절염은 녹내장에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 관절염과 골관절염은 황반변성의 위험을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났고, 관절염은 백내장에도 영향을 미 치는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구는 생후 12개월령의 염소를 사용하여 앞다리, 뒷 다리, 등심 및 갈비 부위로 분할하여 in vitro 소화실험을 통해 부위별 단백질 가수분해도 및 아미노산 조성을 조사 하였다. 이 때, 소고기 및 돼지고기의 분할육을 이용하여 염소고기와 비교, 분석하였다. 염소고기 분할육 중 뒷다리 (8.32%) 및 갈비(8.32%)가 가장 높게 단백질 가수분해도가 나타났으며, 염소고기의 갈비 부위는 갈비 분할육 중 가장 높은 단백질 가수분해율을 보였던 돼지고기(8.57%)와 유의 차가 없었다 (P>0.05). In vitro 소화 전에는 염소고기 분할 육 중 등심에서 글리신(11.03%)이, 앞다리에서 글루타민 (53.44%)이 다른 고기 종류 및 분할육들에 비해 유의적으 로 높은 비율로 포함된 것이 확인되었다(P<0.05). In vitro 소화 후에는 염소고기 갈비 부위에서 라이신(17.54%)이 가 장 높은 비율로 포함된 것으로 확인되었으며, 소 갈비 부 위보다 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 본 연구는 염소고기 분 할육의 단백질 가수분해도 및 아미노산 조성을 제공하며 단백질 소화양상 및 생체 이용률을 평가하기 위한 기초 자 료로써 활용되어질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Recently, unmanned logistics delivery systems, such as UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, written as drone below) and autonomous robot delivery systems, have been implemented in many countries due to the rapid development of autonomous driving technology. The development of these new types of advanced unmanned logistics delivery systems is essential not only to become a leading logistics company but also to secure national competitiveness. In this paper, the application of the unmanned logistics delivery system was investigated in terms of market trends, overall technology level of last mile delivery drone and autonomous delivery robot. The direction of response to changes in the last mile delivery service market was checked through a comparison of the technological level between domestic companies that produce last mile devices and advanced foreign companies. As a result of this technology level analysis, the difference between domestic companies and advanced companies was shown using tables and figures to show their relative levels. The results of this analysis reflect the opinions of experts in the field of last-mile delivery technology. In addition, the technology level of unmanned logistics delivery systems for each country was analyzed based on the number of related technology patents. Lastly, insights for the technology level analysis of unmanned last mile delivery systems were proposed as a conclusion.

This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and describe the treatment outcomes of multidrug therapy in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology (MUE). A total of 23 dogs diagnosed with MUE were treated with prednisolone in combination with cyclosporine, cytosine arabinoside (CA), leflunomide, and mycophenolate mofetil. Based on the survival time, these dogs were divided into two groups: group A (n = 10), surviving for < 100 days, and group B (n = 13), surviving for > 100 days. Signalment, seizure activity, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis results, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings were reviewed. Survival studies were conducted to investigate the association of each prognostic factor and treatment with the clinical outcome. There were no significant differences in age, sex, body weight, occurrence of seizures, cell number and protein concentration in the CSF, or location of lesions between groups A and B. Abnormal MR features were more frequently observed in group A than in group B. It was identified that the longest median survival time was administration of multi-drug therapy including CA. In conclusion, abnormal MR features were associated with poor prognosis in dogs with MUE and CA-based multi-drug therapy could be considered the most effective treatment of MUE.

The ambiguity of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) posed a challenge to many medical researchers in the early days after its discovery and continues to do so till date. The establishment of the Budapest Criteria of the International Association for the Study of Pain resolved certain queries on CRPS. Many aspects of CRPS, such as pathophysiology and etiology, remain unknown. Therefore, of these aspects, we focused on the genetic basis of CRPS. In this qualitative review, we summarized the recent findings on the genetic association of CRPS and analyzed the roles of genes identified in each study and limitations of the studies. In particular, we confirmed the reliability of each study by comparing the following research, which used the following control groups or the same candidate genes. Notably, specific phenotypes of CRPS with dystonia indicate a significant association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ8. Further, HLA-DQ8, which is associated with aberrant CD4+ T-cell reaction, could be associated with CRPS etiology since an increased CD4+ T-cell population was reported in CRPS patients. In addition, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 found in genome-wide expression profiling is noteworthy since MMP-9 is associated with neuro-inflammatory reactions. Despite these suggestions on the genetic aspects of CRPS, the pathophysiology and etiology of CRPS may be polygenic and multifactorial, influenced by multiple genes and other factors. Further, some studies have suggested that CRPS phenotypes have different etiologies. Thus, further studies with the precise classification of CRPS on a unified basis and with a significant number of case groups are required

During the global health emergency, like the COVID-19 pandemic, people attend to organizations dedicated to international well-being. This paper aims to identify the construction of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) multiple identities attested in four identity processes: indexicality, local-occasioning, positioning, and dialogism. Identifying the organization’s identities can foster identity processes and help to understand the relationality of identities. Qualitative data from the WHO director-general’s media remarks on COVID-19 were collected and analyzed using a corpus analysis tool, AntConc. The tool allowed an investigation of word frequency, sentence structure patterns, and the use of keywords in sentences. This analysis revealed that the WHO has negotiated and presented several identities in COVID-19 situations. The results suggest that although factors such as audience and situations affect identity change, these negotiated identities are still coherent with the organization’s original identity.

Recently, elevator inspection and self-examination were strengthened through the revision of the Elevator Safety Management Act, but there have been no significant reduction in serious accidents and major failures. Therefore, the government intends to lay the foundation for reflecting the safety quality rating system, which adjusts the elevator inspection cycle, as a policy to induce safety management of preemptive and active management entities. This study systematically reviewed and classified the safety quality rating system for elevator inspection cycle adjustment in previous studies, collected expert opinions, and reconstructed the key items into realistic evaluation items, and evaluated and scored the relative importance of each factor through the AHP technique.

본 연구의 목적은 어머니의 주중 미디어 놀이 횟수가 유아의 놀이상호작용에 미치는 영향에서 자기통제와 주의집중문제의 매개역할을 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 육아정책연구소의 한국아동패널 7차년도 데이터를 사용했고, 자료는 R 4.1.3과 PROCESS macro v4.1 for R로 분석했다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 어 머니의 주중 미디어 놀이 횟수는 유아의 자기통제에 부적 영향, 주의집중문제에 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 또래 놀이상호작용에 대해 자기통제는 정적 영향, 주의집중문제는 부적 영향을 미쳤다. 자기통제는 주의집중문제 에 부적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 어머니의 주중 미디어 놀이 횟수가 유아의 또래놀이상호작용에 미치는 영향 에서 자기통제와 주의집중문제는 각각 부적 매개효과가 나타났다. 마지막으로 어머니의 주중 미디어 놀이 횟수가 유아의 또래놀이상호작용에 미치는 영향에서 자기통제와 주의집중문제는 부적 직렬다중매개효과가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 유아의 자기통제와 주의집중문제가 어머니의 주중 미디어 놀이 횟수와 또래놀이 상호작용을 매개하는 주요한 요인임을 시사한다.

North Korea continues to upgrade and display its long-range rocket launchers to emphasize its military strength. Recently Republic of Korea kicked off the development of anti-artillery interception system similar to Israel’s “Iron Dome”, designed to protect against North Korea’s arsenal of long-range rockets. The system may not work smoothly without the function assigning interceptors to incoming various-caliber artillery rockets. We view the assignment task as a dynamic weapon target assignment (DWTA) problem. DWTA is a multistage decision process in which decision in a stage affects decision processes and its results in the subsequent stages. We represent the DWTA problem as a Markov decision process (MDP). Distance from Seoul to North Korea’s multiple rocket launchers positioned near the border, limits the processing time of the model solver within only a few second. It is impossible to compute the exact optimal solution within the allowed time interval due to the curse of dimensionality inherently in MDP model of practical DWTA problem. We apply two reinforcement-based algorithms to get the approximate solution of the MDP model within the time limit. To check the quality of the approximate solution, we adopt Shoot-Shoot-Look(SSL) policy as a baseline. Simulation results showed that both algorithms provide better solution than the solution from the baseline strategy.

Interest in the use of semiconductor-based photocatalyst materials for the degradation of organic pollutants in a liquid phase has grown, due to their excellent performance and response to the light source. Herein, we fabricated a NiO-SiCTiO2 ternary structured photocatalyst which had reduced bandgap energy, with strong activation under UV-light irradiation. The synthesized samples were examined using XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, DRS, EIS techniques and photocurrent measurement. The results confirmed that the two types of metal oxides were well bonded to the SiC fiber surface. The junction of the new photocatalyst exhibited a large number of photoexcited electrons and holes. The holes tended to oxidize the water and form a hydroxyl radical, which promoted the decomposition of methylene blue. The close contact between the 2D SiC fiber and metal oxide semiconductors expanded the scope of absorption wavelength, and enhanced the usability of the ternary photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue. Among three synthesized samples, the NiO-SiC-TiO2 showed the best photocatalytic effect, and was considered to have excellent photoelectron transfer due to the synergy effect between the metal oxide and SiC.

Background: The lateral step down (LSD) is a form of stair negotiation used by the elderly because it requires less movement of the lower extremity. Although it is necessary to study the amount of pelvic drop and the strength of a hip abductor during LSD for intervention, limited studies have investigated the relationship between the amount of pelvic drop and strength of a hip abductor during LSD in elderly people. Objects: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the amount of pelvic drop on an unsupported leg and the strength of the hip abductor during LSD in the elderly. Methods: Thirty elderly people (male: 17, female: 13) were recruited. Subjects performed the LSD task, and the evaluator measured and the amount of pelvic drop on an unsupported side. Also, the isometric strength of the hip abductor was measured in a supine position. Results: We found significant relationships between the strength of the hip abductor and the amount of pelvic drop (r = –0.386). The average hip abductor strength normalized by body weight was 1.06 N/kg (max: 1.99, min: 0.52) and the average contralateral pelvic drop (CPD) angle was 4.16° (max: 15.3, min: 0). Conclusion: Our results indicated that the strength of the hip abductor had a moderate correlation with the CPD during a LSD in the elderly. Hip abductor weakness could translate into altered movement of the pelvis.