This study investigates the status of ICT in Education in Turkmenistan for achieving the United Nations’(UN) Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG4) targets. The study uses two methods for data collection: a detailed review of the literature and a survey. For data collection through survey, the National Education Institute of Turkmenistan and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Turkmenistan Office representatives take in part to capture different dimensions of the same phenomenon; the integration of ICT into education in terms of achieving the SDG4 in the country. The results indicate the specific issues such as harnessing ICT as an access tool for education, using ICT for the equity and quality of education as well as the teachers’ ICT competency which need to be improved for achieving the Education 2030 in Turkmenistan. The study also finds priority areas for upcoming years: ICT for transforming and expanding TVET and higher education, improving teacher competency as well as building and upgrading learning environments in Turkmenistan.

This study investigates the role of age of first exposure in the acquisition and processing of English articles in an EFL setting. Fifty advanced Korean learners of English participated in a grammatical acceptability judgment task and a self-paced reading task. The participants were divided into two groups depending on the initial age at which they were constantly exposed to English at least 3 hours per week (‘early group’ < 12; ‘late group’ ≥ 12). No significant performance differences were observed between the two groups in the judgment task. However, meaningful differences were found between the reading behaviors of the two groups in the self-paced reading task. These findings show that the learners’ age of first exposure has a significant impact on learners’ performance when the ability to process English articles in real-time is evaluated. In contrast, it has much less impact on learners’ performance on a task which tests explicit knowledge under no time-limit condition.

The photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a carbon electrode fabricated using different annealing processes are investigated. Perovskite formation (50 oC, 60 min) using a hot-plate and an oven is carried out on cells with a glass/fluorine doped TiO2/TiO2/ZrO2/carbon structure, and the photovoltaic properties of the PSCs are analyzed using a solar simulator. The microstructures of the PSCs are characterized using an optical microscope, a field emission scanning electron microscope, and an electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). Photovoltaic analysis shows that the energy conversion efficiency of the samples fabricated using the hot-plate and the oven processes are 2.08% and 6.90%, respectively. Based on the microstructure of the samples and the results of the EPMA, perovskite is formed locally on the carbon electrode surface as the γ-butyrolactone (GBL) solvent evaporates and moves to the top of the carbon electrode due to heat from the bottom of the sample during the hot plate process. When the oven process is used, perovskite forms evenly inside the carbon electrode, as the GBL solvent evaporates extremely slowly because heat is supplied from all directions. The importance of the even formation of perovskite inside the carbon electrode is emphasized, and the feasibility of oven annealing is confirmed for PSCs with carbon electrodes.

오순절/은사주의 운동의 디아코니아 실천은 이 운동의 광범위한 영향에 매우 중요한 역할을 했다. 하지만 이 운동은 비사회적 그리고 배타적 운동이라 하여 그 영향력이 저평가 되었다. 이 연구의 목적은 오순절/은사주 의 운동에서 디아코니아적인 이해와 실천의 흔적들을 발견하는 것이다. 이러한 목적 아래, 초기 오순절주의자들이 디아코니아를 어떻게 이해하고 실천했는지를 살폈다. 또한 오순절/은사주의 운동에서 디아코니아에 대한 이해가 어떻게 변화하는 지를 추적했다. 역사적으로 오순절/은사주의 운동 은 사회, 경제적, 정치적 변화로 인해 발생하는 다양한 사회문제들을 다루었 다. 오순절/은사주의 운동에는 사회 참여, 특정 디아코니아 실천 참여, 적극적인 진보적 사회 운동에 이르기까지 수많은 기록이 존재한다. 오순절/ 은사주의 운동을 비사회적, 배타적 운동으로 평가하는 것은 이 운동에 대한 피상적인 이해를 보여주고 있음을 알 수 있다.

Based on the Anthropomorphism theory and the Computers Are Social Actors paradigm, this research adopts questionnaire method and explores the relationship between robot anthropomorphism, social presence, social cognition and consumer’ continued using intention. In addition, we select technology anxiety as the moderator to explore its boundary effect

The emergence and explosive growth of social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, Tweeter, etc. has dramatically changed both the way consumers shop and brands advertise. According to a study by Track Maven, Instagram is the most engaging social media platform nowadays with the most average interactions per post per 1,000 followers. It stimulates “Instagram influencer marketing” to develop rapidly and promotes a great variety of brands. It has fundamentally changed the balance of power between customers and brands because it allows peer recommendations to play a much larger role in purchasing decisions [13]. It has become one of the trendiest marketing strategies that focus on influential figures on Instagram rather than targeting on the market as a whole. Instagram influencer marketing highlights content creators who may impact their audiences’ buying habits. For example, shoppers who compare hotel reviews can simply search “hashtag plus hotel name (e.g. #hiltonnewyork) in Instagram and read people’s experiences with that hotel among related posts. Many of those posts were created by influencers who are collaborating with the brands to advertise. Based on activities of more than 12 million Instagram influencers between the first quarter of 2018 and the first quarter of 2019, Social bakers created a report to categorize influencers into three categories: micro-influencers who have fewer than 10,000 followers, macro influencers with 10,000 to 50,000 followers, and celebrities who attracts a million or more followers. The majority of Instagram influencers are “micro-influencers”. Their finding also reveals that the combined amount of sponsored content on Instagram for all three categories of influencers in North America has jumped 150% in the last year.

We propose a novel stripping solution containing acids (HCl and HNO3), an oxidant [(NH4)2S2O8], and complexing agents (NaCl and citric acid) to remove surface passivation layers from 14K gold alloys fabricated using an investment casting process. The optimized solution employing only HCl acid is determined by varying molar fractions of HCl and HNO3 on 14K yellow gold samples. Stripping properties are also identified for red and white gold alloy samples under the optimized stripping conditions. The removal of passivation layers, weight loss, and microstructure evolution are characterized using Raman spectroscopy, a precision scale, and optical microscopy. The proposed stripping solution effectively removes passivation layers more rapidly than conventional cyanide stripping. Weight loss increases linearly for up to 5 min for all 14K gold alloys. Red gold exhibits the greatest weight loss, followed by yellow gold and white gold. The results of microstructural analysis reveal that the conformal stripping occurs according to time. These results imply that the proposed oxidative chloride stripping might replace conventional cyanide stripping.

본 논문에서는 건물, 교량 및 해양구조물에 많이 적용되는 기본적인 형상인 벽면에 부착되어 있는 사각실린더 주변의 유동에 대해, 3개의 난류모델(v2-f 모델, k-ω 모델, k-ε 모델)을 적용하여 URANS 수치해석을 각각 수행하고, 그 결과를 비교하였다. 이 유동 은 물체의 모서리에서 발생하는 칼만와(karman vortex) 때문에 본질적으로 강한 비정상성을 가지고 있으며, 물체의 후류 영역에서도 매우 복잡한 유동구조를 가지고 있다고 알려져 있다. 3개의 난류모델이 적용된 수치해석으로부터 예측되는 평균 유동장과 지배적인 유동 의 주파수를 Wang et al.(2004; 2006)의 실험결과와 비교하였다. 비교 결과, v2-f 모델이 적용된 URANS 결과가 실험결과와 가장 유사한 결과를 보여주었고, k-ω 모델도 우수한 결과를 보인 반면, k-ε 모델은 본 대상 유동에 적용하기에 부족함을 확인하였다. 따라서 강한 박리가 존재하는 유동의 해석 시에는 v2-f 모델은 좋은 선택이다. 그리고 유동의 박리 제어를 위한 연구에 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Heteroatoms in situ-doped hierarchical porous hollow-activated carbons (HPHACs) have been prepared innovatively by pyrolyzation of setaria viridis combined with alkaline activation for the first time. The micro-morphology, pore structure, chemical compositions, and electrochemical properties are researched in detail. The obtained HPHACs are served as outstanding electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage ascribe to the particular hierarchical porous and hollow structure, and the precursor setaria viridis is advantage of eco-friendly as well as cost-effective. Electrochemical measurement results of the HPHACs electrodes exhibit not only high specific capacitance of 350 F g−1 at 0.2 A g−1, and impressive surface specific capacitance (Cs) of 49.9 μF cm−2, but also substantial rate capability of 68% retention (238 F g−1 at 10 A g−1) and good cycle stability with 99% retention over 5000 cycles at 5 A g−1 in 6 M KOH. Besides, the symmetrical supercapacitor device based on the HPHACs electrodes exhibits excellent energy density of 49.5 Wh kg−1 at power density of 175 W kg−1, but still maintains favorable energy density of 32.0 Wh kg−1 at current density of 1 A g−1 in 1-ethy-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ( EMIMBF4) ionic liquid electrolyte, and the excellent cycle stability behaviour shows the nearly 97% ratio capacitance retention of the initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles at current density of 2 A g−1. Overall, the results indicate that HPHACs derived from setaria viridis have appealing electrochemical performances thus are promising electrode materials for supercapacitor devices and large-scale applications.

After decades of vigorous development, data mining technology has achieved fruitful theoretical and application results. As a highly applicable subject, data mining technology has penetrated into various fields of the national economy, and has aroused great attention from academia and industry. A large amount of chart data is stored in the electronic chart database, and its application is very extensive, providing a valuable decision basis for managers in all walks of life. It is of great significance to establish a complete data management mechanism based on data mining technology. The traditional data analogy extraction technology, because of the data association index and the poor ability of data association, leads to the difference between the extraction data and the target data. Therefore, the application of data mining technology on electronic chart data management is studied. Data mining technology uses rough set to obtain the basic information of electronic chart data management according to similarity function, mining electronic chart data management association rules; through the comprehensive evaluanon data system of electronic chart data management, building rule base, setting up the evaluation index of electronic chart data management, achieving the similarity evaluation of the mining results. Experimental test results: compared with the traditional data analogy extraction technology, the results obtained by data mining technology have higher similarity with the target data and meet the requirements of electronic chart data management acquisition. It can be seen that this technology is more suitable for the application of electronic chart data management