This paper describes the design theory of a weakly-coupled Tap-off with high density of coupling intervals for CATV and/or MATV systems, by which the degree of freedom in design and density of coupling intervals are significantly increased compared with the intrinsic one. It is also described how to construct the two-way divider (Tap-off) in the generalized type. Furthermore, the practical measurements of the frequency characteristics for a fabricated circuit show very good agreements with theoretical results.

Abroad-band design method of a lumped-element 3 dB quadrature hybrid without magnetic coupling is proposed and discussed, where techniques of cascading fundamental hybrids via second-order delay equializers and adding matching sections are adopted. It is shown that the designed broad-band lumped-element 3 dB quadrature hybrid can be easily constructed and its bandwidth reaches up to 54%. Furthermore, the experiments have been carried out, the results of which agree with the theoretical ones, and hence, the validity of the broad-band design method proposed here was confirmed.