Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of learner-directed debriefing based on the clinical judgement model (LDCJM) on nursing students’ critical thinking disposition, selfdirected learning, problem-solving ability, and debriefing experience after simulation. Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with 38 sophomore nursing students from one university. They were divided into an experimental group (n=20) and a control group (n=18). Collected data were analyzed by the Chi-square, the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test using the WIN SPSS 22.0 program. Results: The experimental group that had participated in the LDCJM indicated significantly higher self-directed learning (U=23.50, p<.001), problem-solving ability (U=94.50 p=.011), and debriefing experience (U=87.00, p=.006) when compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that LDCJM is an effective learning strategy to improve self-directed learning, problem-solving ability, and debriefing experience. Further study is needed to identify the effects of various debriefing skills.

PURPOSES : This study aimed to estimate road pavement life expectancy using Bayesian Markov Mixture Hazard Model, to support infrastructure asset management. In addition, the life expectancies for the pavement condition index were compared among regional construction and management administrations. METHODS : Eleven years of National Highway road pavement monitoring data fused with ESAL (Equivalent Single Axle Loads), SNP (Structural Number of Pavement, an indicator of structural capacity), and average low temperature, total rainfall, and de-icing were used for the deterioration modeling. Deterioration modeling was performed through the Bayesian Markov Mixture Hazard Model. RESULTS : The expected life expectancy of the crack was estimated at 12.28 to 18.51 years, rut depth was estimated at 15.93 to 25.3 years, and the International Roughness Index was estimated at 10.44 to 14.33 years. It was also confirmed that the heterogeneity factor proposed in the Bayesian Markov Mixture Hazard Model could be used to analyze group characteristics and differences in the benchmark. CONCLUSIONS: This study provided important information in that it compared the life expectancies and structural characteristics of the pavement condition indexes among regional construction and management administrations. Based on this result, it is expected that a pavement structure design and maintenance strategy suitable for deterioration characteristics among regional construction and management administrations will be established.

오늘날 세계 5위의 생산 규모로 성장한 우리나라 자동차 산업에 대한 논의는 1976년 우리나라 최초의 승용차 고유모델 ‘포니’를 개발한 현대자동차 고유의 추격 전략을 중심으로 진행되었다. 그러나 ‘포니’ 개발 당시 정부의 ‘장기 자동차공업 진흥계획’이 중요한 역할을 했음에도 불구하고, 이에 대한 분석은 매우 제한적이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 1974년 수립된 ‘장기 자동차 공업 진흥계획’의 주요 내용을 심층고찰하고, 이전 정부 정책과의 비교를 통해 본 계획의 의의와 ‘포니’ 탄생에서의 역할을 제시하였다. 연구결과 본 계획은 자동차 산업에서의 외국모델 기반의 소규모 부분조립생산 체제가 가지는 기술학습과 산업 성장의 한계를 명확히 인식하고, 대량생산 체제 도입을 위한 고유모델 개발을 처음으로 제시하였다. 또한 이의 효과적 실행을 위해 완성차 업체의 고유모델 개발을 전제로 한 해외 차관 보증 지원, 승용차의 인테그랄 아키텍처 특성을 고려한 부품 게열화 지원, 수요 창출을 위한 세제 및 관세 개편, 경제성 분석, 외부 지식기반 정보 제공 등 상당히 정밀하면서 총체적인 정책 지원을 포함하고 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 본 계획에 대한 완성차 업체의 구체적인 사업계획서 제출을 유도함으로써 본 계획에 대한 정부와 산업계 간 상호 신뢰 구축은 물론 추진 의지를 확인하고, 기업 내부의 반발을 해소하는데 중요한 역할을 하였음을 확인하였다. 그 결과 우리나라는 세계 16번째로 자동차 고유모델을 보유한 나라가 되었으며, 이에 힘입어 부품 국산화율을 획기적으로 개선하는데 성공하였다. 현대자동차 또한 내수시장 석권은 물론 해외 수출에 성공하며 우리나라 자동차 산업의 비약적 성장을 견인하였다. 본 연구는 우리나라 자동차 산업 초기 성장 과정에서의 정부의 역할을 심층 고찰하였다는 점에서 후발국 산업 추격 이론에 대한 심화와 함께 정책 수립에 대한 중요한 함의를 제공할 것으로 기대된다.

We study the internal structure under the artificial mountain of Heumkyeonggak-nu, a Korean water-powered clock in the early Joseon dynasty. All the puppets on the artificial mountain are driven by the rotational force generated by the water wheel at their designated time. We design a model that work with three parts of the artificial mountain. At the upper part of the artificial mountain to the east, west, north and south, there are four puppets called the Four Mystical Animal Divinity and four ladies called the Jade Lady respectively. The former rotates a quarter every double hour and the latter rings the bell every hour. In the middle part of this mountain is the timekeeping platform with four puppets; the Timekeeping Official (Hour Jack), the Bell-, Drum-, and Gong-Warriors. The Hour Jack controls time with three warriors each hitting his own bell, drum, and gong, respectively. In the plain there are 12 Jade Lady puppets (the lower ladies) combined with 12 Oriental Animal Deity puppets. In his own time a lady doll pops out of the hole and her animal doll gets up. Two hours later, the animal deity lies down and his lady hides in the artificial plain. These puppets are regularly moved by the signal such as iron balls, bumps, levers, and so on. We can use balls and bumps to explain the concept of the Jujeon system. Iron balls were used to manipulate puppets of the timekeeping mechanism in Borugak-nu, another Korean water-powered clock in Joseon dynasty, which was developed earlier than Heumgyeonggak-nu. According to the North Korea’s previous study (Choi, 1974), it is obvious that bumps were used in the internal structure of Heumgyeonggak-nu. In 1669, The armillary clock made by Song, I-young was also utilized bumps. Finally we presented mock-ups of three timekeeping systems.

PURPOSES : The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) and its subordinate agencies have recently established various policies for the application of BIM and are implementing these policies, and are increasing project orders with the application of BIM. Developed countries where they have earlier adopted BIM provide BIM standards and guidelines at the national level to support BIM implementation by private-sector constructors. Domestic BIM standards and guidelines, however, have been lacking details on upper-level standards that have to be presented by ordering agencies, thereby limiting the practical application thereof. This study aims to provide BIM practice manual development measures to ensure the facilitation of the writing of BIM outputs and their delivery in the road sector. METHODS: This study first analyzed domestic BIM standards and guidelines, and examined BIM processes in the existing BIM guidelines to determine the major works required in each stage of the implementation of road construction projects. Further, the study determined those matters that were required in working BIM but were not specified in existing BIM guidelines. Those derived contents have been reflected in the definition of the configuration system in the table of contents of the BIM practice manual, and in the contents on the road sector, and the details of each configuration system have been specified. RESULTS : The proposed BIM practice manual for the road sector is a technical guide on BIM guidelines published by public ordering agencies, and provides the basic requirements and methods required for the writing of BIM models. Further, the manual provides working procedures and detailed methods for writing BIM to enable working-level staffers on BIM projects to construct BIM data. The proposed BIM practice manual was configured with considerations for domestic civil-sector BIM technology levels and will be further developed and improved according to the development of domestic BIM technology. CONCLUSIONS : In an effort to respond to the changing domestic construction technology environment, and to apply and activate BIM, this study analyzed domestic BIM standards and guidelines, and defined a working BIM manual configuration system and its detailed configuration method. The findings and improvements are presented as a BIM practice manual on development measures in the road sector. This manual is expected to minimize the repetitive trials and errors and design errors in the construction of road-sector BIM models, to improve the productivity and efficiency in the creation of BIM outputs and their delivery, and to enhance the quality and utilization of the outputs. Further, the proposed manual is expected to provide and share information on the practical cases for BIM, to bolster the capabilities of design engineering, to ensure the linkage with relevant agencies, and thus to expand the diffusion of BIM in a virtuous cycle.

Smart healthcare clothing combines IoT, new technology, and clothing construction to perform specific care functions, and its utility has been expanding rapidly within aging and diversified societies. However, the related market remains at an early stage of development due to limited regulation, lack of consumer awareness, and the need for not only technical development but promotion plans for potential users. This paper aims to analyze factors influencing purchase intention for smart healthcare clothing with biosignal monitoring, including variables in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), clothing attributes, health-related lifestyle factors, and fashion innovativeness. A survey was conducted on a sample of 300 males and 300 females ranging in age from 20 to 50 years, and data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. The results show that perceived usefulness, perceived aesthetic attributes, health responsibility, and fashion innovativeness were overall significant predictors of using smart healthcare clothing. Additionally, perceived ease of use and physical activity in the male subsample, and perceived compatibility within the female group, also had significant effects. Furthermore, age was a determining factor; for subjects in the 30s age group, perceived usefulness, compatibility, and health responsibility had significant positive associations. The results of this study can provide basic guidelines for designing merchandising plans to expand user acceptance of smart healthcare clothing.

인공지능 기반의 가상비서가 보편화 되면서 음성쇼핑 시장이 확대될 것으로 전망된다. 이 연구에서는 통합기술수용이론(UTAUT)을 활용, 소비자의 음성쇼핑 이용의도를 결정하는 요인을 확인한다. 온라인 쇼핑 주 소비층인 20~40대의 설문조사 데이터를 토대로 분석한 이 연구에서는 UTAUT에서 제시하는 변수 중 성과기대와 노력기대에 쇼핑의 속성을 고려하여 유희기대를 추가하여 음성쇼핑 이용의도에 영향을 미치는 변수로 설정했다. 또 한 이러한 변수에 영향을 줄 것으로 추론되는 4가지 음성비서 속성 즉, 응대정확성, 호환성, 사회적 실재감, 안전성을 포함해 음성쇼핑 이용에 관한 독자적 연구모형을 구축했다. 분석 결과, 성과기대, 노력기대, 유희기대 등 확장된 통합수용모델 변수들은 음성쇼핑의 사용의도에 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 확인됐다. 음성쇼핑 속성과 관련해서는, 호환성이 성과기대와 노력기대, 유희기대 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 사회적 실재감은 유희기대에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 안전성은 노력기대와 유희기대에 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 확인됐다. 한편, 응대정확성은 성과기대, 노력기대, 유희기대에 모두 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 음성쇼핑이라는 새로운 방식에 대한 수용 결정요인을 밝혀내어, 일반 전자상거래 업체들과 가상비서 기반 플랫폼 기업이 시장에서 지배력을 창출하기 위해 고려해야 할 혁신의 요인을 제시한다는 점에서 의의를 지닌다.