본 연구는 ‘제조업 생산직 여성들의 생존권 투쟁’을 주제로 1980년대 한국의 민중미술운동의 영향을 받으며 ‘노동자로서의 여성’이라는 측면을 여성의 시각에서 스스로 표현하고자 한 한국의 여성주의 미술운동의 시발점에 주목하였다. 같은 맥락에서 1990년대 이후 노동자로서의 여성의 노동활동을 다룬 영상작품들이 계속하여 한국여성영상작가에 의해 발표되고 있는데, 이는 1980년대 산업체의 여성 노동운동을 뿌리를 두고 전개되기 시작한 한국의 여성주의 문화운동의 한 특징이다. 이것은 제2차 세계대전 이후 독립 국가들이 겪었던 경제성장과 민주화의 정착이라는 근대화의 역사를 배경으로 한국 사회의 경제성장구조에서 자신의 ‘노동’의 가치를 인정받고자 한 여성들의 주체의식에서 비롯되며 서구권의 여성주의 문화운동과는 그 역사적 차이점을 갖는다.

In this research synthesis, a total of 313 studies on English learning motivation published in South Korea from 2000 to 2017 were reviewed. The data were categorized into four criteria: publication year, research method, participant, and research topic. First, the annual trend clearly demonstrated that the number of motivation research showed a steady growth. The dominant research method was quantitative (207 papers) over qualitative (40 papers) and mixed methods (48 papers). University students (157 papers) were major population in English learning motivation research followed by junior high (36 papers), elementary (30 papers), high school students (30 papers), research synthesis (17 papers), and kindergarten students (3 papers). Most research focused on identifying specific subcomponents of English learning motivation in a particular research context. The study suggests that future research needs to focus more on diverse student group such as home-schoolers. Also, the use of research synthesis needs to be encouraged in order to capture the complex nature of English learning motivation.

Developments in the recent media era has made distortion possible in accordance with changes in the fashion industry as new clothing, technologies, and fusions have become available. Nevertheless, previous studies of specific types of clothing, and their classification for the purpose of research are lacking. Thus, this study examines the development of the Pomme de look and the form of modern variant that appears in fashion clothing and new technologies, and largely examines the clothing case to clean it up. The method employed is leading research that examines the transformation about the concept of the Pomme de look with regard to the fashion about the type of look in the 2000s and onwards. This is organized in accordance with the analytical and physical characteristics, and the esthetic aspects of the results are as follows. The conclusions reached as follows are based on this; first, the physical characteristic manner when based on previous looks, the two-dimensional deformation for making clothes, if there was a simple way, now has more dimensions. Clothes are made in a complex manner and variations emerge. Second, esthetic characteristics strive for beauty while also displaying the modified and more complex manners of clothing that are emerging. Third, the fusion clothing with machines effects to physical and psychological changes through the details about how the sensor is worn. The enemy, the appearance of distortion, and clothing are emerging. This is expected to grow further based on the rapid development of new technologies and the transformation of Pomme de look and design will appear in more varied ways to create a convergence.

Since the recent Hanok boom in Korea, Contemporary Hanok has been evolving in terms of structure, space, form, etc. To get a comprehensive understanding of the diversified Contemporary Hanok, this paper aims at its type classification by analyzing architects’ designs since 2000. The criteria for the classification are two: (1) renovation [Re] or new construction [New]; and (2) degree of Contemporary Hanok’s deviation from the traditional Hanok’s standard ― maintaining the traditional form [Main]; changing space within the traditional form [Space]; changing the traditional frame [Frame]; and juxtaposing the traditional and the modern [Combi]. From the two criteria, this paper deduced eight types of Contemporary Hanok, named respectively: Re-Main, New-Main, Re-Space, New-Space, Re-Frame, New-Frame, Re-Combi, and New-Combi, and studied their cases. It can be argued that various aspects of Contemporary Hanok and their critical meanings were well-investigated through this type classification and case-studies.

Cultural industry has grown into a pivotal part of the knowledge economy and it characteristically allows high employment of young population with high education and at the same time is a labor-intensive industry that yields high added values. For these reasons, it has been regarded as an industry that can be an answer to ever worsening problems of youth unemployment and deteriorating employment quality in the service industry sector. The Korean government has established and enacted government-level supporting policies to foster the cultural industry, especially in the 2000s. In the process, a supporting system for start-up businesses in the cultural industry was implemented to foster one-person culture businesses, focusing on the supporting system for start-up businesses established by the Small and Medium Business Administration (SMBA). This study will look into possible solutions to some problems that occurred in the course of implementing supporting policies for cultural industry and will see if there could be alternatives to them.

이 연구는 기독교대한성결교회개척 현황을 파악하고 성서적 기준 으로 평가하였다. 이 연구 목적은 과연 기독교대한성결교회가 성서적인 교회개척을 하고 있는지를 파악하고 향후 교회개척에 대한 전략을 제시하는 것이다. 이 연구를 함에 있어 성서적, 역사적, 실천적 연구를 바탕으로 하였다. 첫째, 성서적 측면의 연구에서는 초대교회의 특징과 바울의 개척론을 중심으로 성서적 교회개척의 기준을 제시했다. 특별히 현대 한국교회의 교회개척에서 사람과 건물 중 어느 요소가 우선하는지의 화두와 관련하여 성서적 관점을 제시하였다. 둘째, 역사적인 측면에서는 기독교대한성결교회 백주년 기념사업 의 일환으로 진행된 교회개척운동, 즉 ‘3천 교회 100만 성도’라는 교단적 운동의 현황을 점검하였다. 또한 앞서 제시된 성서적 기준에 의거하여 교단의 백주년 개척운동을 평가하였다. 동시에 유사한 교회개 척운동을 펼쳤던 남침례교단(Southern Baptist Convention)의 교회 개척운동에 대한 평가를 함께 비교하였다.셋째, 실천적 측면에서 미래 교회개척의 대안으로 서울신학대학교 에 교회개척 석사과정을 설치하여 기존의 목회학 석사과정 학생들이 복수 전공을 할 수 있도록 요청하였다. 또한 교회개척 인턴십 제도를 설치하여 신생과정에서 자립과정에 이르기까지 각 단계별로 개척된 교회에서 인턴으로 사역함으로써 교회개척의 이론과 실제를 배울 수 있도록 제안하였다. 더불어서 교회개척자로 부르심을 입은 평신도들을 위한 평신도 교회개척과정을 서울신대 평생교육원에 설치하여 신학적, 실천적 훈련을 실시하도록 제안하였다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the research trends in the South Korean Official Development Assistance (ODA), by examining the papers of degree thesis papers, project reports, and academic journals published from 2000 to 2015, as well as investigating and proposing the themes for future studies. According to the rubrics of analysis, from numerous papers, twelve thesis, twelve reports and eight academic journals were selected and considered following five analysis criteria; namely, published year, stakeholder of study, project procedure, methodology, and relevance to MDGs, the Millennium Development Goals. The results of the analysis are as follows: first, the papers associated with South Korean ODA for Ethiopia were published in 2008 for the first time. With steadily increasing numbers of thesis, reports, and journals, following after 2008, researches have conducted studies vigorously since 2011. However, investigations on the South Korean ODA for Ethiopia are noticeably insufficient, in comparison to the grant aids and concessional loans paid thus far. Secondly, the analysis appeared in twelve papers published by universities, eleven by government authorities, and eight by specialty magazines. Upon closer inspection, the government authority indicated Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA), and eight other specialty magazines, as well as the following: Korea Water Resources Association2), Korean Association of African Studies3), Korea Society of Agricultural Extension4), Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion5), Journal of International Collaboration in Education6), Korea Research Society for Customs7),Perspectives in Nursing Science, The Women’s Studies8). Third, project procedure utilized as the criteria for the analysis. As a result, one feasibility study conducted in 2012 and 2013, one planning study in 2008 and 2010, two planning studies in 2013, one evaluation study in 2011 were identified. However, each project procedure paper for the 25 projects launched thus far were difficult to find. Papers for those have no relevance with ODA projects, and were considered as other studies. Fourth, papers relevant to the MDGs stand as such; 11 papers were linked with MDG 2, ‘Achieve universal primary education’. Three papers had relevance to MDG 1, ‘Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger’, one to MDG 3, ‘Promote gender equality’, three to MDG 5, ‘Improve maternal health’, four to MDG 6, ‘Combat HIV/AIDS malaria, and other diseases’, two to MDG 7, ‘Ensure environmental sustainability’, seven to MDG 8, ‘Develop a global partnership for development’. There were no papers connected with MDG 4, ‘Reduce child mortality’. Therefore, based on this trend analysis, broader spectrums and diverse methods of study should be implemented for the future studies with regard to the South Korean ODA for Ethiopia.

한국과 프랑스에서 새로운 예술운동이 태동하던 1980년대에 활동했던 한국의 두렁과 프랑스의 아르 크로쉬는 예술의 발생과 소통의 장소가 기존의 예술제도와는 다른 점을 보여준다. 이 상이한 지점이 새로운 예술의 가능성을 내포하고 있었으며, 그것들은 2000년대 이후 양국의 제도예술현장에서도 더러 발견되어지고 있다. 따라서 예술 그 자체를 고정된 형식과 내용을 바라보지 않고 그 범주와 존재방식에 대해 문제제기했던 두 집단의 노력은 후대의 예술가들에게 예술개념 자체에 대한 도전적 질문으로서 많은 영감을 주고 있다. 본 논문은 80년대 한국과 유럽에서 대두된 새로운 예술운동이 2000년대 이후 한국의 예술현장과 어떠한 연관성을 맺고 있는 가를 한국의 ‘두렁’, 프랑스의 예술스쾃 ‘아르 크로쉬’를 비교분석하면서, 2000년대 이후 등장한 오아시스프로젝트의 사례를 통해 고찰하고자 한다. 이는 예술 그 자체를 혁명적으로 변화시키고자 했었던 양국의 예술가들에 의한 운동이 현재는 어떠한 모습으로 예술계와 사회에 현현하고 있는지를 살펴보는 노정이 될 것이다.

The goals of this study are to analyze how fashion professionals' attitudes toward Grunge style have changed since the 1990s and to compare aesthetic features of 1990s Grunge style and the style since 2000. By searching Vogue and Women's Wear Daily articles from 1992 to 2014 according to the keyword "Grunge", three collections from the 1990s and 59 collections since 2000 were selected for analysis. Although Grunge collections of the 1990s were harshly criticized by critics and retailers as ugly, the more recent collections have been highly praised for both design and profitability. The common aesthetic features of Grunge style in the 1990s and beyond include loose silhouettes, mix-and-match layerings, plaid patterns, floral prints, and striped patterns. However, Grunge style since 2000 has new features such as ornate fabrics, handcrafted details, a formal and dressy look, and faux plaid flannel shirts in chiffon or organza. These features give the style a more luxurious, feminine, and refined appearance. The results of this study indicate that Grunge style of the 1990s changed high fashion beauty standards and today's designers and consumers prefer to mix various styles to create new ones. They typically do not consider the original spirit or identities of the varied styles.