A new spray chrysanthemum cultivar, 'Plaisir D'Amour' was released by National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), in 2006. The cross was made in 2003 between '01B1-355', a breeding line of NHRI and `01B1-440', a breeding line of NHRI. After evaluation for the characteristics including shading culture in summer and retarding culture in spring between 2004 and 2006, final selection was made. The natural flowering time of 'Plaisir D'Amour' is late October, but year-round flowering is possible by shading and illumination. It has single type flowers with mixed color by dark pink and white edged. It shows excellent flower setting and early blooming with multi-floret. The diameter of flower is 5.4 cm. The number of flowers per stem is 15.5 and number of petals per flower is 21.5. The days to flower under short day treatment is about 56 and its vase life is 21 days in autumn season.

A new spray chrysanthemum cultivar, 'Pink PangPang' was released by National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), in 2006. The cross between 'Restone' and 'Lollipop' was made in 2003. After evaluation for the characteristics including shading culture in summer and retarding culture in spring between 2004 and 2006, final selection was made. The natural flowering time of "Pink PangPang" is late October, but year-round flowering is possible by shading and illumination. It has pompon type flowers with light pink petals and resistance to white rust. The diameter of flower is 4.3 cm. The number of flowers per stem is 13 and the days to flower under the short day treatment is about 44 in summer season.

A new spray chrysanthemum cultivar, 'Sunny PangPang' was released by National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI), Rural Development Administration (RDA), in 2006. The cross between 'Restone' and 'Lollipop' was made in 2003. After evaluation for the characteristics including shading culture in summer and retarding culture in spring between 2002 and 2005, final selection was made. The natural flowering time of "Sunny PangPang" is late October, but year-round flowering is possible by shading and illumination. It has pompon type flowers with orange yellow petals and red flower center. It shows vigorous stem growth and resistance to white rust. The diameter of flower is 4.4 cm. The number of flowers per stem is 11 and the days to flower under the short day treatment is about 49 in summer season.

A new Phalaenopsis hybrid “White Angel” was selected from the progenies derived from self-pollination of collection, “PN 3005 in 1995 at National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI) Rural Development Administration. Final selection was applied in 2003 after the investigation of the characteristics for five years (1999-2003). “White Angel” has white flower with red rip and is a medium sized Phalaenopsis variety with semi-upright leaf and high PLBs (Protocorm ike bodies) formation ability of 70%. “White Angel” has white flower with red rip and is a medium sized (Flower width is 8.3 cm and leaf length is 25 cm) Phalaenopsis variety with semi-upright leaf and high PLBs (Protocorm like bodies) formation ability of 70%. Strong sunlight and over irrigation should be avoided for the appropriate growth.

A new bright pink gladiolus “May Queen” was released by the National Horticultural Research Institute (NHRI) in 2004. A cross was made between early flowering pink cultivar “Calista” and early flowering white cultivar “White Friendship”. It was crossed in 1999 and finally selected in 2004 after investigation of the characteristics for 5 years from 2000 to 2004. “May Queen” has a bright pink color with white core as a cut flower. This cultivar is early flowering without stem bending. It has good production of cormels and resistant to Fusarium and Thrips. The width of “May Queen” flower is 11.0 cm. The plant height is 121 cm. Days to flowering of “May Queen” is average 92days in summer season.

Oil and fatty acid composition of 648 soybean germplasms of different categories including Korean and American source were analyzed by NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometer) method at Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, Milyang, Korea. A

The study examined the effects of CO2 enrichment on growth of soybean (Glycine max). Two soybean varieties were used, Taekwang and Cheongja. The plants were grown in growth chambers with a 12-h photoperiod and a day/night temperature of 28/21~circC at the seedling stage and 30/23~circC from the flowering stage. The plants were exposed to the two elevated CO2 levels of 500 and 700 ppm and the ambient level of 350 ppm. Results of the experiment showed that at the second-node trifoliate stage of the two varieties, the elevated CO2 increased plant height, leaf area and dry weight. The elevated CO2 also raised the photosynthetic rate of soybean as compared to the ambient level. From the beginning bloom stage to the full maturity stage of the two varieties, the elevated CO2 increased plant height, leaf area, seed weight and photosynthetic rate. The stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased on long days relative to short days of treatment. Through the entire stages, the elevated CO2 increased the water use efficiency of soybean plants because stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decreased at the elevated CO2 levels relative to the ambient level.

Oil and fatty acid compositions of 1,429 germplasms including 1,121 cultivated soybeans for sprout production and 308wild soybeans were analyzed by the NIRS (Near Infrared Reflectance Spectrophotometer) method at Yeongnam AgriculturalResearch Institute, M

In order to select the seeding machine for mechanizing cultivation of rapeseed in southern areas of Korea, three different seeding machines, ridge rotary, power tiller ridge rotary, tractor ridge rotary were used for sowing one of the high yielding rapeseed cv. Hybrid with five different seeding methods. Seeding of ridge rotary was reduced the seeding effort with 45% and yield components such as plant height, ear length, number of branches and pods, pod length and seed setting rate were higher. The seeding of ridge rotary also was showed highest seed yield. On the basis of time requirement for seeding, vegetative and yield parameters ridge rotary seeding machine was a suitable seeding machine for rapeseed cultivation at the southern area of Korea.

This study was conducted to evaluate the control effect of fungicides of sclerotinia rot control, growth characteristics, and seed yield in the cultivation of rapeseed. All fungicides treated had no effect on the growth of rapeseed. The major fungicides were mancozeb 75% WP, chlorothalonil 75% WP, dithianon 43% WP. difenoconazole 10% WP, benomyl 50% WP, and propineb 70% WP. Dry seed yield and control were increased largely with chlorothalonil 75% WP (33g/12l), fungicide than the other fungicides Sclerotinia rot. All fungicides had no injury with standard dosage. On the other hand all fungicides had slight injury in the double dosage level for the rapeseed.

Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiate spontaneously into beating cardiomyocytes via embryo-like aggregates. We describe the use of mouse embryonic stem (mES03) cells as a reproducible differentiation system for cardiomyocyte. To induce cardiomyocytic differentiation, mES03 cells were dissociated and allowed to aggregate (EB formation) at the presence of 0 75% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 4 days and then another 4 days without DMSO (4+/4-). Thus treated EBs were plated onto gelatin-coated dish for differentiation. Spontaneously contracting colonies which appeared in approximately 4-5 days upon differentiation. Expression of cardiac-specific genes were determined by RT-PCR. Rebust expression of myosin light chain (MLC-2V), cardiac myosin heavy chain , cardiac muscle heavy polypeptide 7 -MHC), cardiac transcription factor GATA4 and skeletal muscle-specific -subunit of the L-type calcium channel () were detected as early as 8 days after EB formation, but message of cardiac muscle-specific -subunit of the L-type calcium channel (CaCh) were revealed at a low level. Strikingly, the expression of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) was not detected. When spontaneous contracting cell masses were examined their electrophysiological features by patch-clamp technique, it showed ventricle-like action potential 17 days after the EB formation. This study indicates that mES03 cell-derived cardiomyocytes displayed biochemical and electrophysiological properties of cardiomyocytes and DMSO enhanced development of cardiomyocytes in 4+/4- method.