According to NSSC Notice No. 2021-10, safety analysis needs to be introduced in the decommissioning plan. Public and occupational dose analyses should be conducted, specifically for unexpected radiological accidents. Herein, based on the risk matrix and analytic hierarchy process, the method of selecting accident scenarios during the decommissioning of nuclear power plants has been proposed. During decommissioning, the generated spent resin exhibits relatively higher activity than other generated wastes. When accidents occur, the release fraction varies depending on the conditioning method of radioactive waste and type of radioactive nuclides or accidents. Occupational dose analyses for 2 (fire and drop) among 11 accident scenarios have been performed. The radiation doses of the additional exposures caused by the fire and drop accidents are 1.67 and 4.77 mSv, respectively.

본 논문은 랠프 월도 에머슨이 주장하는 자연과 상상력의 개념에 초점을 맞 추어 초월주의를 연구하고 이를 바탕으로 내서니얼 호손의 주홍글자를 해석 하고자 한다. 에세이 “자연”에서 에머슨은 시각을 통해 전달된 자연의 아름다움 은 자연의 최종적 표현이 아니라 유기적 부분으로 존재하며, 자연이 그의 아름 다움 혹은 숭고함과 같은 추상적인 창조물 그리고 그의 동식물 혹은 인간과 같 은 지적인 창조물과 유기적 관계를 갖는 것은 ‘보편적 존재’의 신성한 영이 자 연과 인간 모두에게 깃들어있기 때문에 가능하다고 말한다. 에머슨의 사상에서 무엇보다도 상상력은 중요한 위치를 차지하고 있다. 상상력은 인간의 정신을 열 어 자연을 생각에 맞추어주는 열쇠이며 상상력을 사용할 때 인간은 자연에 대 해 우위를 점할 수 있다. 자연의 평범한 풍경은 상상력을 통해 인간의 정신에 신성이 깃든 상징으로 변형된다. 주홍글자에서 에머슨의 자연과 상상력의 개 념은 특히 헤스터와 그녀의 딸인 펄을 통해 나타난다. 헤스터는 자연과 벗하며 고독한 생활을 하는 동안 내면이 단련되고 상상력이 예민해진다. 펄은 자연의 아이라고 불릴 만큼 세상에 물들지 않은 순수한 존재로서, 그녀는 숲에서 동식 물, 즉 다른 자연의 부분들과 깊은 교감을 나누는 동안 상상력이 무한대로 확장 되면서 ‘보편적 존재’와 합일하는 순간을 경험한다. 이들을 통해 드러나는 자연 은 신성이 깃든 그리고 자비로운 존재이다.

목적 : 본 연구는 만 50세 이상 성인에서 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨병성망막병증의 의사진단여부와 삶의 질의 관 련성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 국민건강영양조사 제7기(2016~2018) 자료 중 만 50세 이상의 성인으로 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨병성망 막병증의 의사진단여부에 따라 현재의 건강상태를 묻는 EQ-5D와의 관계를 분석하였으며, p<0.050인 경우 유의 한 값으로 판단하였다. 결과 : 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨병성망막병증에 영향을 주는 요인은 공통적으로 연령이었다. 이들 안질환과 삶의 질의 관계에서 녹내장과 당뇨망막병증은 일상 활동에서의 불편함이 있는 것으로 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었 다. 반면 황반변성은 자기관리 능력을 상실시킬 수 있는 위험이 유의하게 큰 것으로 나타났다[Odds ratio: 2.56(95% CI:1.05-6.25)]. 결론 : 본 연구에서 녹내장, 황반변성, 당뇨망막병증과 같은 주요 안질환은 연령과 관련이 있으며, 황반변성은 자기관리능력과 같은 삶의 질을 저하시킨다는 것을 확인하였다

The large process plant is currently implementing predictive maintenance technology to transition from the traditional Time-Based Maintenance (TBM) approach to the Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) approach in order to improve equipment maintenance and productivity. The traditional techniques for predictive maintenance involved managing upper/lower thresholds (Set-Point) of equipment signals or identifying anomalies through control charts. Recently, with the development of techniques for big analysis, machine learning-based AAKR (Auto-Associative Kernel Regression) and deep learning-based VAE (Variation Auto-Encoder) techniques are being actively applied for predictive maintenance. However, this predictive maintenance techniques is only effective during steady-state operation of plant equipment, and it is difficult to apply them during start-up and shutdown periods when rises or falls. In addition, unlike processes such as nuclear and thermal power plants, which operate for hundreds of days after a single start-up, because the pumped power plant involves repeated start-ups and shutdowns 4-5 times a day, it is needed the prediction and alarm algorithm suitable for its characteristics. In this study, we aim to propose an approach to apply the optimal predictive alarm algorithm that is suitable for the characteristics of Pumped Storage Power Plant(PSPP) facilities to the system by analyzing the predictive maintenance techniques used in existing nuclear and coal power plants.

This study aimed to build on past findings about differences in personal walking experiences by demonstrating what elements were beneficial to participants with different walking habits. Accordingly, this study established the relationships between valued walking elements and people’s motivation to walk, by dividing participants into three groups: Group W for people with a walking habit, Group HW for people who walk occasionally but not regularly, and Group NW for people who do not walk habitually. Participants walked a familiar and an unfamiliar route with a wearable device that recorded their heart-rate variability and electrodermal activity. Changes in the biometric data helped to identify the defining moments in each participant’s walk. Participants discussed these moments in one-on-one interviews with a researcher to pinpoint their valued walking elements. As a result, this study classified walking elements into six themes: “Surroundings,” “Social,” “Exploration,” “Route Plan,” “Physical Exercise,” and “Mental Thinking.” A walking habit development model was made to show how “Route Plan” and “Exploration” were beneficial to Group NW, “Social” and “Surroundings” were beneficial to Group HW, and “Route Plan,” “Mental Thinking,” and “Physical Exercise” were beneficial to Group W.

Technology innovation companies are focusing on contributing to business performance by R&D project as a strategic tool. Successful R&D leads to corporate competitiveness enhancement, national industrial development, but there are high uncertainty and risks in R&D. Public and private R&D projects are carried out to achieve various purposes. It was verified how the risk management and benefit management of the R&D project affect the detailed R&D project performance between the Public and private domain. The impact of Project Leadership on R&D performance was also analyzed. Those who have participated in the Public and Private R&D projects at companies or research institutes were surveyed. First, it was found that project risk and benefit management have partially an effect on R&D project performance. Second, Public and private R&D Project Leadership showed partially a interaction effect between project management and project performance.

본 연구는 중국의 ESG 연구동향, 정부의 제도와 정책, 그리고 시스템과 전략, 성과와 취약점을 분석하 고 이해함으로써 우리나라의 ESG 정책과 전략을 수립하는 데 이론적·정책적 논거로 활용하는 것을 목적으 로 한다. 본 연구는 2015년부터 2022년까지 중국 내 ESG 관련 주요 연구를 수집하여 주제 및 연도별 분류ㆍ검토를 수행했다. 이를 통해 중국 내 시기별 ESG 집중 연구 주제가 변화했고, 중국 정부가 ESG를 국가의 고품질 발전을 위한 중요한 조치로 인식하고 있음을 확인했다. 본 연구는 중국 정부의 ESG 관련 연구 동향과 정책 실시를 고찰한 한국 최초의 연구라고 할 수 있다.

Recently in Korea, YouTube stock channels increased rapidly due to the high social interest in the stock market during the COVID-19 period. Accordingly, the role of new media channels such as YouTube is attracting attention in the process of generating and disseminating market information. Nevertheless, prior studies on the market forecasting power of YouTube stock channels remain insignificant. In this study, the market forecasting power of the information from the YouTube stock channel was examined and compared with traditional news media. To measure information from each YouTube stock channel and news media, positive and negative opinions were extracted. As a result of the analysis, opinion in channels operated by media outlets were found to be leading indicators of KOSPI market returns among YouTube stock channels. The prediction accuracy by using logistic regression model show 74%. On the other hand, Sampro TV, a popular YouTube stock channel, and the traditional news media simply reported the market situation of the day or instead showed a tendency to lag behind the market. This study is differentiated from previous studies in that it verified the market predictive power of the information provided by the YouTube stock channel, which has recently shown a growing trend in Korea. In the future, the results of advanced analysis can be confirmed by expanding the research results for individual stocks.

Selenium (Se) is known as an antioxidant mineral and heme iron is a major source for iron intake which can promote carcinogenesis in the body. This study was to investigate the effect of Se on heme-aggravated colon carcinogenesis in mice. Three experimental groups included control [normal diet + AOM (10 mg/kg body weight in saline)/DSS (2% in the drinking water)], [AOM/DSS + hemin (534 mg/kg body weight in CMC)], and [AOM/DSS + hemin + Se (2.82 mg/kg diet in CMC)] groups. Colonic mucosa were stained with 0.3% methylene blue and the colonic polyps, aberrant crypt (AC) and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were counted. Lipid peroxidation in liver was evaluated by the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The number of polyps in the hemin + Se group was 31.6% lower than that in the control group, and 41.4% lower than that in the hemin group. The number of AC in the hemin + Se group was 42.8% lower than that in the control group, and 49.1% lower than that in the hemin group. The number of ACF in the hemin + Se group was 49.0% lower than that in the control group, 45.7% than that in the hemin group. Hepatic TBARS level in the hemin + Se group was significantly low compared with the control group or the hemin group (p<0.05). These findings suggest that Se treatment may be protective against colon carcinogenesis promoted by a high heme-containing diet.

Because multiple ovulation embryo transfer (MOET) in cattle includes several benefits such as wide spreading of genetically superior offspring for long distance, this biotechnological method has been widely applied to Hanwoo. When the recipients are not stayed close after embryo recovery from donor, the embryos are moved to other farms via several vehicles (car, train, and airplane). However, air travel induces lesser oxygen level, increased vibration, lower air pressure, higher noise, and increased exposure of cosmic radiation to living things than ground level. It was still unknown that fresh embryos obtained from multiple ovulation of Hanwoo could maintain their fertility after being transported via air plane, the present case report introduced a clinical case of MOET in Hanwoo after shipping fresh embryos via air transportation. The donor was multi-ovulated via follicle-stimulating hormone series of injection, which was followed by a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone injection and artificial insemination twice. The embryos were recovered by the uterine flushing, packed in ministraws, transported to recipients for 6 h including 1 h air flight, and then transferred to the synchronized recipients. During pregnancy diagnosis of early gestation period, 5 of 7 recipients (71.4%) presented no heat signs and showed fetal sacs with fluid under transrectal ultrasonography. After normal gestation period, all recipients naturally delivered healthy calves (male n = 2 and female n = 3) without abortion, stillbirth, and premature birth. The present case report indicated that transportation of fresh embryos for MOET via domestic flight in Korea did not affect to their fertility.

From 2020, Korean Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency has reset the withdrawal time (WT) for veterinary drugs typically used in livestock in preparation for the introduction of positive list system (PLS) program in 2024. This study was conducted to reset the MRL for amprolium (APL) in broiler chickens as a part of PLS program introduction. Forty-eight healthy Ross broiler chickens were orally administered with APL at the concentration of 60 mg/L (APL-1, n=24) for 14 days and 240 mg/L (APL-2, n=24) for 7 days through drinking water, respectively. After the drug treatment, tissue samples were collected from six broiler chickens at 0, 1, 3 and 5 days, respectively. Residual APL concentrations in poultry tissues were determined using LC-MS/MS. Correlation coefficient (0.99 >), the limits quantification (LOQ, 0.3~5.0 μg/kg), recoveries (81.5~112.4%), and coefficient of variations (<15.5%) were satisfied the validation criteria of Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. In APL-1, APL in all tissues except for kidney was detected less than LOQ at 3 days after drug treatment. In APL-2, APL in liver and kidney was detected more than LOQ at 5 days after treatment. According to the European Medicines Agency’s guideline on determination of withdrawal periods, withdrawal periods of APL-1 and APL-2 in poultry tissues were established to 3 and 2 days, respectively. In conclusion, the developed analytical method is sensitive and reliable for detecting APL in poultry tissues. The estimated WT of APL in poultry tissues is longer than the current WT recommendation of 2 days for APL in broiler chickens.

본 연구는 좌우뇌의 활용 성향에 따라 다중지능이 어떻게 나타나는지, 모바일 웹사이트의 색채, 형태, 운동, 깊이 등의 지각 요소에 대한 반응의 차이가 어떻게 나타나는지 알아보고자 한다. 본 연구에 필요한 뇌 성향에 대한 데이터를 위하여 참여자를 모집하여 뇌 선호도 검사를 실시하였고, 이들의 다중지능을 확인하였다. 이들 을 뇌 성향별로 구분하고, 모바일 웹사이트의 지각 요소에 대해 선호도 조사를 하였고, 집단 간의 차이가 유 의미한지 확인하였다.

To understand antioxidant enzyme response of two contrasting Arundinella hirta ecotypes to drought stress, drought-tolerant Youngduk and drought-sensitive Jinju-1, were comparatively analyzed changes in the enzymatic activities of peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR). Two ecotypes, drought-tolerant Youngduk and drought-sensitive Jinju-1 were subjected to drought stress by withholding water for 12 days. ROS accumulation level and electrolytic leakage were significantly increased in both A. hirta ecotypes by drought stress treatment but less in Youngduk than Jinju-1. The RWC significantly decreased in both the drought stress-treated ecotypes as compared to control, but less in Youngduk than Jinju-1. Soluble sugar and protein content were increased more in drought stress-treated Youngduk as compared to Jinju-1. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, POD, APX, and GR increased significantly in both the drought stress-treated ecotypes Youngduk and Jinju-1 as compared to control. The increase in antioxidant enzyme activity level was more prominent in drought stress-treated Youngduk as compared to Jinju-1. Taken together, these results suggest that Youngduk was more tolerant to drought stress than Jinju-1, and seem to indicate that tolerance of A. hirta to drought stress is associated with increased activity of antioxidant enzymes.

본 연구는 절화 도·소매업자의 판매 행태, 소비자의 소비 행태와 수입산 절화 및 국내산 절화 인식을 조사하여 국내산 절화 경쟁력 강화를 위한 자료로 제공하고자 수행하였다. 설 문 조사는 도·소매업자 102명을 대상으로 2020년 7월부터 9 월까지 진행하였고, 소비자는 200명을 대상으로 2020년 8월 24일부터 25일까지 진행하였으며, 수집된 자료는 빈도 분석, 대응표본 t-test, 다중반응 교차분석을 실시하였다. 도·소매업 자의 판매 행태 조사 결과, 국내산과 수입산 절화 모두 판매하 고 있는 비율이 높았고 판매 시 국내산 절화의 품질보다 수입 산 절화의 품질이 우수하다고 응답하였다. 소비자의 구매 행 태 조사 결과, 주로 선물 목적으로 구매하며 구매 시 내적 품 질(수명)과 외적 품질(형태, 질감, 색상)을 중요시 여기는 것으 로 나타났다. 또한 소비자는 절화 구입 시 원산지를 확인하지 않는 경우가 많았으나 동일 품종일 경우 국내산을 구매한다고 응답하였다. 도·소매업자와 소비자의 절화 인식을 비교한 결 과, 도·소매업자는 국내산 절화가 평범하고 한정적이며, 수입 산 절화는 독특하다고 인식하였으나, 소비자는 국내산 절화가 독특하지만 수입산 절화와 국내산 절화 모두에 평범하고 한정 적이라고 인식하였다. 이러한 판매자와 소비자간 인식 차이는 실제 국가별 절화 품질에 대한 정량적 연구와 국가별 절화에 대한 인식 조사 필요성을 제기한다.

본 연구는 조현병으로 진단된 환자들과 정상 대조군 간의 자기공명영상을 사용하여 대뇌 피질 하부 영역의 부피를 측정 하여 대뇌의 구조적 이상을 비교하였다. 자기공명영상 검사 후 획득된 3D T1-MPRAGE 영상과 FreeSurfer 소프트웨어 를 사용하여 대뇌 피질 하의 31개 영역의 부피를 측정하였다. 연구 결과는 조현병 환자군에서 양측 측뇌실, 양측 맥락얼기, 제3뇌실, 뇌척수액 영역의 부피가 정상 대조군보다 유의하게 증가했으며, 좌 우반구 피질, 좌측 시상, 좌측 해마 영역의 부피는 정상 대조군보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 또한, 측정된 대뇌의 부피값과 PANSS 총점수는 약한 음의 상관관계를 나타 내었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 자기공명영상과 FreeSurfer를 이용하여 조현병 환자의 대뇌 피질 하 부피를 측정하고 이를 정상 대조군과 비교하여 유의한 증가와 감소를 확인하였다.

This study identified the core competencies of aircraft maintenance quality engineers and compared the importance and retention of core competencies. Through literature research, 21 core competencies were derived in three areas of management technology, elemenal technology and collaboration technology, and a survey was conducted on the importance and retention of core competencies for 42 aircraft maintenance quality engineers. As a result of the survey, the importance of all core competencies of aircraft maintenance quality engineers is 3.95/5 on average, and the retention of all core competencies is 3.99/5 on average. 'Risk Management’, ‘Creating Document’, ‘Honesty/Moral’ were identified as the most important competencies in each area, and ‘Quality Management’, ‘Language’, ‘Honesty/Moral’ were identified as the most possessed competencies in each area. An IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis) was performed to analyze the details. Through IPA, ‘Risk Management’ and ‘Safety Management’ were evaluated as having a low degree of retention compared to a high level of importance. Therefore, they were identified as a core competencies that need to be improved first. In addition, the characteristics of each core competency and the recognition level in the field were also identified. This study will be helpful in defining the roles and functions of aircraft maintenance quality engineers to improve flight quality and prevent aviation accidents.

인터넷이 발달함에 따라 게임 산업이 성장하고, 다양한 게임 비즈니스 모델의 특성에 따라 등장한 게임머니의 활용사례를 웹보드 게임을 중심으로 파악하고, 비 웹보드 게임의 게임머니와 어떤 특징을 가지고 있는지 비 교·분석 하고자 한다. 게임머니가 등장하게 된 도입 배경과 유·무료 게임의 분류 기준에 대해 살펴보고, 웹보 드 게임과 비 웹보드 게임에서 게임머니가 가지고 있는 특징과 기능에 대해서 알아본다. 웹보드 게임의 경우 사행성을 조장할 수 있다는 이유로 게임머니 관련해 규제 성격의 여러 제한이 존재하지만, 비 웹보드 게임의 경우 이러한 제한이 존재하지 않고 있다. 이에 NHN, 네오위즈, 잼팟 등 주요 3사와 이를 제외한 중견 회사의 웹보드 게임머니 활용사례 및 적용 현황을 검토하고, 비 웹보드 게임과의 비교 분석을 통해 웹보드 게임과 비 웹보드 게임 내의 재화에 관한 구체적인 비교 분석을 통해 양측 게임머니가 개발 단계, 게임 경제 체제, BM 등에서 어떠한 공통점과 차이점을 갖는지 알아보고자 한다.

White rot fungus Cerrena unicolor IUM 5400 produced ethanol from diverse sugars, including glucose, mannose, galactose, and cellobiose at 0.38, 0.28, 0.08, and 0.27 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed, respectively. The fungus produced relatively high amounts of ethanol from xylose (0.28 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed); however, the ethanol conversion rate of arabinose was relatively low (at 0.08 g of ethanol per g sugar consumed). When cultured in a basal medium containing 20 g/L rice straw or corn stalks, C. unicolor IUM 5400 produced 0.18 g and 0.18 g of ethanol per g of rice straw and corn stalks, respectively. The results suggest that C. unicolor IUM 5400 is a white rot fungus that can effectively hydrolyze cellulose or hemicellulose to sugars and simultaneously convert them to ethanol.

복부 MRI 검사에서 높은 수준의 병렬기법을 적용 시 영상의 질을 떨어뜨리는 둘러겹침인공물을 빈번히 생성한다. 이것 은 구조물이 겹쳐서 나타나는 현상으로 복부 인체 구조상 양쪽 팔이 맞닿아 있어서 FOV를 벗어난 양쪽 팔이 영상의 반대 방향 인공물을 발생하는 문제를 초래한다. 이러한 제한점으로 복부 MRI 검사에서는 두경부 및 근골격 검사 부위와 비교하 여 낮은 수준의 병렬기법을 적용하여 검사 시간을 증가시키는 문제가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 팔을 위로 올리는 자세를 활용하여 환자의 간단한 자세의 변화를 통하여 병렬기법을 극대화하여 검사 시간을 최소화하면서 영상의 인공물을 제거하 는 데 목적을 두었다. T2, T1 강조 영상을 관상면으로 획득하였다. 연구의 재현성을 높이기 위하여 작은 팬텀을 나란히 놓고(팔 내리는 자세), 한번은 작은 팬텀을 제거하고 영상을 (팔 올리는 자세) 각각 병렬기법인 SENSE 가속인자를 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0까지 10번씩 획득한 후 영상의 불균일도를 측정하였다. 팬텀으로 확인하기 어려운 인체 부위 의 영상을 확인하기 위하여 정상인 자원자 1명을 대상으로 팬텀 연구와 같은 매개변수 조건으로 영상을 획득하였다. SENSE 가속인자가 높아질수록 팔을 올리는 자세에서 영상의 불균일도가 낮게 측정이 되었고 통계학적으로 유의하게 나타 났다. 본 연구는 간단한 자세 변화만으로 병렬기법을 극대화하며 영상획득 시간 단축 및 인공물을 개선방안을 제시하는 데 의의가 있다.

In the recent era of the fourth industrial revolution, many industries aim to maximize the efficiency of products and services by introducing cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data. In this situation, organizational culture is changing a lot due to the influx of the MZ generation with strong individualistic tendencies and the decreased face-to-face communication between members. However, active communication with colleagues is still essential to maximize performance, and the margins created by simplifying work processes and automating processes must be used for creating work performance. This requires cooperation and commitment through the job immersion of members who have an active attitude. This study analyzed how the organization's autonomous work environment and trust among members, which are creative work performance conditions, affect job immersion using raw data from the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute. As a result, it was found that both the organization's autonomous working environment and trust among members significantly effected the members' job immersion. in order to achieve productivity and value improvement in companies, efforts are needed to increase workers' job immersion by building an autonomous working environment and trust among members. The results of this study are expected to contribute significantly to the search for ways to increase workers’ job commitment to improve organizational productivity.