We analyzed the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence of common buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum and tartary buckwheat, F. tataricum. The diversity of the nucleotides and haplotypes, Tajima’s D, and Fu’s Fs was analyzed and compared among the varieties of common buckwheat and tartary buckwheat. The diversity of nucleotides and haplotypes indicated that the buckwheat populations had undergone rapid population expansion but D and Fs did not support their expansion statistically. The phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences did not clearly establish the phylogenetic relationships between the varieties of common buckwheat. The In/Del sequence of ITS-1 region could, therefore, be used as a DNA marker to distinguish raw or manufactured products derived from common buckwheat and tartary buckwheat.

A soybean cultivar for soy-paste, ‘Uram’, was developed from the cross between ‘Suwon190’ and ‘SS99244’ (Shinpaldal-2 X T243) by soybean breeding team at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2010. A promising line, SS00232-B-B-3SSD-9-4-1-1, was selected and designated as the name of ‘Milyang188’. It was prominent and had good result from regional adaptation yield trials (RYT) in southern area of Korea for three years from 2008 to 2010 and released as the name of ‘Uram’. It has a determinate growth habit, white flower, gray pubescence, yellow seed coat, yellow hilum, spherical seed shape and large seed (25.8 grams per 100 seeds). ‘Uram’ was found to be resistant to bacterial pustule and soybean mosaic virus, the major soybean diseases in Korea. The lowest pod height of ‘Uram’ was 19cm and it will be able to reduce seed loss during mechanical harvesting. The average yield of ‘Uram’ is 3.27 ton per hectare in southern double cropping area. Through these results, ‘Uram’ is soybean cultivar that is favorable for mechanization harvesting, resistant to diseases and highly yield.