The interest of natural chemicals has been increased because of inflection of endocrine disruptor and fatal health danger originated from artificial chemical compounds. The essential oil is one of the representative natural chemicals which can be collected from the most plants and can be applied to high value‐added merchandise such as the antiseptics, anti‐oxidants and deodorants. In this study, essential oil was testified to remove odor such as NH3. In case of the essential oil of a pine leaf, removal efficiency of NH3 was about 100%. The NH3 removal efficiency of the mixed solution (mixture of essential oil and ethanol) was slightly lower than that of pure essential oil and this leads to the conclusion that use of mixture is more economical and effective to control the odor.

Sulfate produced during anaerobic reduction limits the activity of methanogens but it is not reflected in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology for estimating CH4 emissions. In this study, CH4 emissions from the Sudokwon landfill site were estimated by adopting a methane correction factor, which was determined through the relationship between the COD/sulfate ratio and CH4 generation. Although the gas originating from the Sudokwon landfill site has not produced any environmental problems in recent years due to gas collection and soil cover maintenance activities, CH4 emissions estimated by the IPCC methodology indicated that only 60% of the CH4 was recovered and the remainder was emitted into the atmosphere, suggesting a potential environmental problem. Accordingly, CH4 estimates determined according to IPCC methodology must be modified by adopting the methane correction factor and considering the effect of sulfate concentration.

The 2nd landfill of Sudokwon landfill site has been collecting landfill gas flowing into vertical wells using the vacuum generated by blowers. The vacuum applied to the wells enables the landfill gas within the collection boundary to be collected and the air in the atmosphere to be penetrated through landfill cover soil, as well. In this study, we tried to investigate the impact of active landfill gas collection with vertical wells on landfill aeration. The pressure changes and the compositions of landfill gas, measured at the wells and 4 bore holes made in the landfill for this study, showed the air penetrates the landfill cover and inflows into the vertical wells. The concentration of nitrogen in the landfill gas collected from the 2nd landfill site has been increased to 14 ~ 15% as of February 2013, indicating 18 ~ 19% of the air is being included in the landfill gas.

This work presents an experimental study of the influence of lifting velocity on cake formation during filtration. For design of hot gas cleanup system using ceramic filter reactor, the most important consideration is coating conditions of sorbent in filter surface (for example : lifting velocity, coating weight of sorbent, pulsing interval and removal effect for dechlorination and desulfurization). We studied the optimum operation condition as paticle size and lifting velocity using a ceramic filter reactor at 550oC. Based on the results obtained during cold and hot test, optimum lifting velocity in a ceramic filter reactor was selected 0.68 m/s. Also, the removal behaviour of the ceramic filter during filtration was studied using differential pressure. Optimum removal efficiency for dechlorination and desulfurization accomplished at differential pressure condition over 74 mmH2O.

We investigated the effect of temperature and pressure in breakthrough performance of various sorbents for dechlorination and desulfurization. Based on the results obtained during the desulfurization (Fe2O3, Fe3O4, ZnO) and the dechlorination (Na2CO3, NaHCO3, trona) screening tests, ZnO and trona were selected as preferred optimum sorbents. H2S breakthrough time corresponds to an effective capacity of approximately 11 g H2S/100 g of sorbent. Also, HCl breakthrough time corresponds to an effective capacity of approximately 5 g HCl/100 g of sorbent. ZnO and trona at high temperature of around 550oC display high sorption performance and removal efficiency for synthsis gas from waste gasification. Although there is an issue of CO2 recovery in hot gas cleanup technology for desulfurization, we have obtained an interesting new alternative hot gas cleanup system with heat budget merit.