간행물
한국폐기물자원순환학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
- 발행기관 한국폐기물자원순환학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 연8회
- ISSN 2093-2332 (Print)2287-5638 (Online)
- 수록기간 1984 ~ 2018
- 주제분류 공학 > 환경공학 공학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제33권 제8호 (2016년 12월) 12건
1.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The objective of the current study was to analyze the current safety status of formaldehyde. More than 670 manufacturers in 15 business sectors were enrolled. A MFA of the manufacturers showed that manufacturer M, which specializes in the manufacture of basic organic chemicals, used the most formaldehyde (120,000 tons), and manufacturer B, which specializes in the manufacture of general varnish and related products, used the least (8 tons). The results of this study can be used to collect scattered material flow and identify different parts of the country where a nationally produced substance, such as formaldehyde, can be stored. The details of the toxicity reflected in the composition and the amount of formaldehyde are likely to be utilized to produce personal protective equipment.
2.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Nanomaterials affect human and environmental health through applications, such as waste-containing nanomaterials (WCNMs) generation, product use, treatment and disposal. As the number of applications increases, more and more nanomaterial waste will be generated. The increased use of nanomaterials introduces nanoparticles intentionally or unintentionally into waste streams. This study examined WCNMs in a domestic industrial area and selected silicon dioxide as an objective nanomaterial because it is ranked first in circulation and quantity of use. We analyzed leaching and concentration of heavy metals in nano-waste. Chemical composition was determined using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and the unique properties of nano-waste were examined using particle size distribution analyzer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results of the leaching test showed lower or undetectable concentrations than those of standard hazardous substances in Korea. However, some samples had higher concentrations than criteria of hazardous chemicals in contaminated soil. The XRF results revealed that silicon dioxide was the major component with a known particle size < 100 nm in liquid waste samples.
3.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The indoor thermal conductivity test, unfrozen water test, and freezing pressure test were conducted on soil mixed with waste vinyl aggregate (PE aggregate). Consequently, lower thermal conductivity, less unfrozen water, and lower freezing pressure resulted from higher PE aggregate mixing ratios. Furthermore, the plate loading test and frost penetration depth test were conducted on field model road with a sub-base of PE aggregate and crushed stone. As a result, the bearing capacity of the road mixed with 10% PE aggregate exceeded the requirement, whereas frost penetration depth was reduced by 39% compared to that of using crushed stone only.
4.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Biogas has been used to remove water content and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Removing water requires a low temperature process; thus, our study investigated removing H2S under high pressure and low temperature. Several experiments were conducted to investigate removal of H2S from a biogas stream by optimizing chemical absorption and the chemical reaction with a Fe/EDTA solution. The roles of Fe/EDTA were studied to enhance removal efficiency of H2S due to oxidization by Fe+3/EDTA. The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of enhancing toxic gas treatment in a biogas facility. A biogas purification strategy affords many advantages. For example, the process can be performed under mild environmental conditions and at low temperature, and it removes H2S selectively. As the Fe-EDTA concentration increased, the H2S conversion rate increased because the Fe-EDTA complex was highly stable. The optimal pH to stabilize the chemical complex during oxidation of H2S was 9.0.
5.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Sulfate produced during anaerobic reduction limits the activity of methanogens but it is not reflected in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology for estimating CH4 emissions. In this study, CH4 emissions from the Sudokwon landfill site were estimated by adopting a methane correction factor, which was determined through the relationship between the COD/sulfate ratio and CH4 generation. Although the gas originating from the Sudokwon landfill site has not produced any environmental problems in recent years due to gas collection and soil cover maintenance activities, CH4 emissions estimated by the IPCC methodology indicated that only 60% of the CH4 was recovered and the remainder was emitted into the atmosphere, suggesting a potential environmental problem. Accordingly, CH4 estimates determined according to IPCC methodology must be modified by adopting the methane correction factor and considering the effect of sulfate concentration.
6.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Biochemical methane potential (BMP) of residual wastes from transesterification was tested to safely recycle carcass via rendering process. The carcass was obtained from a buried site for avian influenza (AI) infected poultry. Rendered lipid generated by a pilot-scale high-pressure rendering process was the main source of transesterification for biodiesel recovery. To test the feasibility of waste-to-energy approach for AI infected carcass, we compared the BMPs of various fractions of rendered materials from the carcass. BMP and specific methanogenic activity results indicate that transesterification waste shows better digestibility than that of rendered lipid, and the digestion performance was comparable to that of liquid residue. Biogas yields of glycerol, rendered lipids, and liquid residue were estimated as 0.11 L/g chemical oxygen demand (COD), 0.06 L/g COD, and 0.17 L/g COD, respectively. Regression analysis support that biogas production rate of glycerol (21 mL/g COD/d) was much faster than that of lipid (7 mL/g COD/d) while that of liquid residue was similar (24 mL/g COD/d). In summary using transesterification waste as a bioresource for bioenergy conversion can be a viable and sustainable option for the complete termination of burial site.
7.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The quantities of low-grade reject fly ash (RFA) and paper sludge ash (PSA) generated are increasing annually and causing a serious social problem. In this study, the utility of these by-products was analyzed by using RFA and PSA as mineral admixtures. RFA-PSA blended mortar was fabricated and evaluated for use as a cement additive. RFA was milled to improve workability and the hydration reaction, and PSA was mixed with anhydrite to create the ettringite. As the RFA-PSA blended powder replaced 10% of the cement by weight, compressive strength of the mortar exceeded that of ordinary mortar prepared with Portland cement (OPC). Length change (28 days) of the RFA-PSA mortar with a 10% replacement rate was 68% of the OPC mortar and was 62% with a 30% replacement rate.
8.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Converting biomass to biocrude oil has been extensively studied worldwide as a renewable energy technology and a solution to global warming caused by overuse of fossil fuels because it is a carbon neutral fuel that originates from biomass and, thus, could help prevent climate change. Fast pyrolysis is an effective technology for producing biocrude-oil, and woody biomass is usually used as feedstock. Although many studies have been performed with this feedstock, high production cost and low higher heating value (HHV) have frequently reported as challenging barriers to commercialization. Thus, coffee ground residue was selected as an alternative feedstock to overcome this barrier due to its higher HHV than other biomasses, as well as an expected improvement in the recycling rate of organic waste from many coffee shops. A kinetic study on the thermal decomposition reaction of ground coffee residue was carried out previously to investigate pyrolysis characteristics by thermogravimetric analysis, and its kinetic parameters were studied using two calculation models. A bubbling-fluidized-bed reactor was used for fast pyrolysis and the yield and characteristics of the biocrudeoil from ground coffee residue were investigated at reaction temperatures of 400-600°C. The activation energy of the decomposition reaction was calculated separately to be 41.57 kJ/mol and 44.01-350.20 kJ/mol with the above two methods. The highest biocrude-oil content was about 51.7wt% at 550°C.
9.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Insulation materials used for building save energy and can be classified into inorganic and organic materials. Organic insulation emits toxic gases in a fire annd has lower water resistance. Inorganic insulation is heavy and has poorer thermal performance than that of organic material. This study evaluated the physical properties and fire resistance of lightweight inorganic insulation foaming material made of waste glass powder. The test results showed that the inorganic material performed well with low density and low thermal conductivity for an insulation material. Foam insulation material manufactured from glass powder was sufficient as a fire-resistant product.
10.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
As industry continues to develop, the contents of various recalcitrant substances that are not removed by conventional wastewater treatment have increased in modern society. The metal working fluids (MWFs) used in the metal working process contain chemical substances, such as mineral oils, anticorrosive agents, extreme-pressure additives, and stabilizers, as well as high concentrations of organics and ammonia-nitrogen. Accordingly, MWFs are required to develop advanced treatments to conserve hydro-ecological resources. This study investigated the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen from MWFs according to operating time, applied voltage, and NaCl concentration using a Ti/IrO2 electrode in a batch-type reactor. The experimental results showed that ammonia-nitrogen removal efficiencies without NaCl were 89% and 92% when voltage was adjusted to 15 and 20 V for 60 min and removal efficiency was 90% at 25 V for 40 min. Removal efficiencies of 10 mM NaCl were 4% and 2% greater than those of not adding NaCl at 15 V for 50 min and 20 V for 30 min.
11.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Various efforts have been made to increase use of renewable energy sources and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Korea as economic and population growth have increased. Bio-energy is a renewable form of energy unlike fossil fuels and is not included in greenhouse gases because it is carbon neutral (sometimes referred to as “climate neutral”) and is exempted from total CO2 emissions. In this study, we determined the low heating value (kcal/kg) and elemental composition using the biogenic content of “wood” and a solid recovered fossil fuel “polyethylene product” to confirm the solid recovered fuel value. Biomass content was also determined using the selective dissolution method and 14C-method (AMS). Additionally, we developed a gas sampling system to collect gases emitted after combustion at 850oC to determine biomass content by AMS.
12.
2016.12
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze continuous operation of food waste resources at Dongdaemun Environmental Resources Center and to improve the overall operation of the dry anaerobic digester facility. Korean domestic food wastes consist of 18% total solid (TS) content but food waste is difficult to utilize for dry anaerobic digestion. Other operational trouble-shooting resulted from the inherent design, construction and operation of such a biomass generation facility based on 100% utilization of dewatered cake with 35% TS concentration as feedstock, causing the accumulation of unwanted solid residues. A materials flow analysis obtained from actual operation of the anaerobic digestion facility revealed that the organic material loading rate (OLR) and its residence time were 8.3 kg-VS/m3·day and 18.3 days, which adversely affected stable operation. The OLR was occasionally > 15,000 mg/L organic acid concentration and the facility shut down. Such anomalies drastically reduced biogas production and increased organic matter loading in the wastewater, which exceeded the legally allowed concentration limit. Operation of this facility has been normalized to the targeted facility capacity of 98 m3/day based on the results of this study.
