간행물
한국폐기물자원순환학회지 KCI 등재 Journal of Korea Society of Waste Management
- 발행기관 한국폐기물자원순환학회
- 자료유형 학술지
- 간기 연8회
- ISSN 2093-2332 (Print)2287-5638 (Online)
- 수록기간 1984 ~ 2018
- 주제분류 공학 > 환경공학 공학 분류의 다른 간행물
- 십진분류KDC 539DDC 628
권호리스트/논문검색
제32권 제6호 (2015년 9월) 13건
2.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Results of reviews on bio-gas production and policy trends in the European Union (EU) are as follows. In the EU,Germany leads in bio-gas production with 29 TWh of energy produced through energy crops as of 2013. This could beachieved through renewable energy laws and increases in feed in tariff (FIT) schemes in Germany. In the EU, bio-gashas been verified to play an important role and contribute to greenhouse gas reduction. However, it is necessary to providea measure to improve sustainability criteria and decrease the consumer's share of expenses. If bio-gas is produced usingorganic wastes instead of energy crops, this problem can be solved. If the bio-gas production policies in the EU are appliedin South Korea, bio-gas market will be promoted and greenhouse gas emission can be reduced in the future.
3.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Carbonization using chicken manure was used to obtain an energy source. In order to estimate the reaction rate at theoptimal conditions for chicken manure in carbonization process it is estimated the reaction kinetics for the process. Thecarbonization process for chicken manure was optimized at carbonization temperature 300oC to 400oC in 20minutes. Fromthe examination of conversion characteristics of chicken manure, carbonization reaction can be described by the 1st orderkinetic reaction. Frequency factor(A) of reaction rate for chicken manure was evaluated to be 0.55×10−2min−1 and theactivation energy was estimated to be 3,815.0kcal/kmol. As increased carbonization temperature from 250oC to 400oC,reaction rate constant of chicken in the 1st order kinetic reaction is also increased from 0.0604min−1 to 0.1383min−1.In this study, carbonization degree of chicken manure in carbonization process was estimated by kinetic reaction deduction.The result of kinetic reaction in carbonization of chicken manure was evaluated to be 1st order kinetic reaction.
4.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Recently, it is increase in the processing of organic waste using anaerobic digestion. Therefore, the studies on theprocessing method for increasing the anaerobic digestion waste water. Among them, purification treatment and liquidfertilizer have been issues. But, efficiency of the ways is very insufficient. While increasing the anaerobic digestionprocess, increasing study for the treatment of anaerobic digestion waste water. In this study, It was evaluate thecharacteristic of liquid fertilizer of anaerobic digestion waste water as affected by aeration rate and solid-liquid separation.Also, we review liquid fertilizer degree using maturity assessment indicators of liquid fertilizer by national institute ofanimal science. As a result, insertion of air(3.5L/min) sample after solid-liquid separation appeared was the highest. pHand color was difficult to understanding correlation with liquid fertilizer among maturity assessment indicators(seedgermination, ammonia(NH3), hydrogen sulfide(H2S), electrical conductivity(EC), pH, color, etc).
5.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The purpose of this study is to analyse whether the capability assesment index to perform services as well as creditratings for the governmental procurement bidding influence earnings management behaviour using discretionary accrualsand real earnings management in the construction waste disposal industry. For this study, out of the 530 population(interimdisposal service companies for construction waste) across the country, the final sample of 144 companies is selected foran analysis period of six years, starting from 2008 to 2013. The modified Jones model (1995) is used to measure earningsmanagement and the Kothari et al. model (2005) reflecting return on total assets (ROA) is also applied to produce thediscretionary accruals. In addition, earnings management through real activities is measured by the model developed byRoychowdhury (2006) and the method developed by Cohen et al. (2008) is adopted to calculate the measurement ofintegration of real earnings management. Overall, our empirical results of the analysis show that the capability assessmentindex to perform services as well as credit ratings significantly influence earnings management behaviour in theconstruction waste disposal industry. First, the managers of companies having higher assessment index report increasedprofits through adjusting both discretionary accruals and real earings management. Second, the managers of speculativeenterprises which rank lower credit ratings use higher income-increasing discretionary accruals. These research findingsimply that the regulatory authorities should properly consider the earnings management behavior of the construction wastedisposal service industry in setting the qualification standards for the governmental procurement bidding. The usefulnessof this study results can be highlighted by alerting the industry managers that improper earnings management practicesnot only decrease the successful bidding chances of the companies involved but also deteriorate long-term firm valuesin the market.
6.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study aimed to determine adhered mortar content of recycled aggregate (RA) using microwave irradiation (700W)and mixed solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The optimum condition was first to soakRA in tap water for 30 min and then RA was soaked in mixed solution of 30% HCl and 15% H2O2 (HCl:H2O2=1:2) for 70-90min after 15-min microwave irradiation. The mortar of RA in the condition was completely removed within2.3 hrs. Reaction rate (k) with the condition was −0.6408hr−1, which was about 190 times faster than that with HCl only(k=−0.0034hr−1).
7.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This research performed the effects of the air ratio to produce the syngas from the fixed-bed gasifier for municipalsolid waste. At the inside of reactor, temperature depends on amount of the oxidant to classify four distinct process,combustion, reduction (gasification), pyrolysis and dry zone. As decreasing the air flow rate, the particulate matters hada tendency to decrease, proportionally. In this system, the producer gas needs the clean-up process over 98% efficiencyfor connecting the internal combustion engine to generate electric power. At the test 1 and 2, while the air ratio decreased,the LHV of syngas and CGE were increased. however, at the test 3, because the oxidizer had injected more less thandemanded, these showed a decreasing tendency.
8.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
The innovation in this study is the complexation of Erianthus fibers (Erianthus arudinaceus) with compatibilizer inPP by extrusion, to produce a material with an improvement in mechanical properties. The aim is to provide a general-purpose material from biomass that does not compete with food as an alternate material from the petroleum base.Erianthus is a cellulose resource crop which is a source of bio fuel, is inedible, highly productive and promising energyresource, there has been little report on its use as a material. It also is a cellulose resource crop with a high productivityas a fiber reinforcement material with low environmental load. Development of Erianthus fiber reinforced polypropylene(PP) composite material was reviewed. Erianthus fiber was pulverized and the powder was sorted by sieve size, whichwas put through the process of complexation with polypropylene using a twin-screw extruder. The mechanicalcharacteristics of the obtained composite material were evaluated by conducting a tensile strength test and a bendingtest. As a result of using the classified fiber as the filler, it is found that the difference in the surface area of the fiberhas a great effect on the mechanical properties and the thermal decomposition properties. It is found to be sufficientlyfeasible to make Erianthus function as a polypropylene fiber reinforcement element by controlling the size of Erianthusfiber.
9.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Environmental concerns regarding mercury-containing fluorescent lamps have been raised in many countries, especiallyafter International Minamata Convention on Mercury in 2014. Improper management and disposal of the waste such aslandfilling and incineration may pose serious threats to the environment and human health. In Korea, mercury-containinglamps have been regulated by the expanded producer responsibility (EPR) system since 2004. However, only less than30% of the lamps sold to consumers has been collected by municipalities. In order to provide additional measures relatedto proper management of fluorescent lamps, there is a need for a quantitative material flow study by life cycle stage. Inthis study, material flow analysis was conducted by collecting relevant data from literature review, available statistics,and field site visits to lamp recycling facilities. According to the results of this study, approximately 150 million unitsof fluorescent lamps were put on the market in 2013, while 36.9 million units of the lamps were recycled mainly fromhouseholds in the year. It is estimated that approximately 3.5 million units and 2.3 million units of lamps in disposalbags are disposed and treated in landfills and incineration facilities, respectively. This study also found that there weresignificant amounts of uncollected lamps that were present in industrial sectors. The material flow of the industrial sectorsare largely unknown and not properly regulated by government. Based on the mass flow of mercury in lamps, 1.6ton ofmercury in lamps came into consumer markets in 2013. Approximately 407kg of mercury was collected by the recyclingprocess at the fluorescent lamps recycling facility. The mercury disposed in landfills and treated in incinerators were foundto be 38.3kg and 25.5kg, respectively. Further study may be warranted to focus the material and mercury flow of lampsin industrial sectors in order to accurately determine the final destination and disposal of such waste in the environmentbecause there are very few available statistical data regarding distribution flow and treatment of lamps in the sectors.
10.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
This study analyzed response characteristics of Nitrogen Oxide according to injection location and change of injectionamounts by spraying food waste on the combustion platform and the latter part of the first combustion chambers inincinerators. The analytical results have found to have no major difficulties in keeping more than 850oC, the legal standardof the 2nd combustion chamber according to injection of food waste in all the test subject facilities. For spraying foodwaste in the combustion platform in the first combustion chambers, the removal efficiency of 14.76% was shown as NSRis 2.98. For spraying food waste in the latter part of the first combustion chambers, the removal efficiency of 46.40%was shown as NSR is 0.95. On the other hand, when food waste of 3 tons per hour respectively is sprayed on thecombustion platform and the latter part of the first combustion chambers, the highest removal efficiency of 84.97% wasshown as NSR is 1.02.
11.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Characteristics of exhaust gas of solid refuse fuel (SRF) burning in a commercial scale of 12ton/day incinerator havebeen investigated. Combustion air for SRF burning is mixed with recirculated high temperature exhaust gas to diluteoxygen concentration and preheat itself. It is called high temperature EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) combustion. Itis known that low oxygen concentration of diluted air reduces flame temperature and NOx emission, but also makes flameunstable. Highly heated air by mixing with high temperature exhaust gas makes flame stable by enhancement ofcombustion reaction. Concentrations of nitric oxide (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2)in flue gas have been measured at stack. High temperature EGR incineration of SRF dramatically reduces nitric oxideemission and residual oxygen. Average concentrations of NOx, and CO are 71.5ppm and 86.6ppm especially at referenceoxygen concentration of 12% without any post treatment of NOx when the average outlet temperature of combustionchamber is 942oC. And average concentrations of O2 and CO2 are 9.59% and 8.3% especially.
Original Paper
12.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Laws and regulations of radioactive waste management related to the Exemption system and the Clearance systembetween governing authorities in Korea and Japan were investigated to suggest better management of radioactive waste.Above both system, very low levels of radioactive wastes which have negligible risk can be decided on being Exclusionsystem and classified as a non-radioactive waste. As a result, the Exemption systems between two countries were similar,whereas the Clearance systems were different. With regard to laws related to the Clearance, Japan specify providinginformation and feedback among relevant authorities, but there is no specification in Korea. In addition, this study suggeststo develop accredited analysis methods to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of the measurement, because twocountries have not established the national accredited analysis method for determining the concentration of radionuclide.
13.
2015.09
서비스 종료(열람 제한)
Due to the problems on BW (Bulky Waste) from SRF (Solid Refused Fuel) facilities in terms of operation andmaintenance, we investigated the characteristics of bulky waste about physical composition ratio, discharge type and ratio,etc. BW are 5.83% in MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) and composition ratio is as below; fiber (28.22%), plastic (19.18%),paper (17.95%), wood (17.02%), metal (11.49%), vinyl (3.3%), styrofoam (2.84%). Paper was mostly packing box, wood;chipboard, pieces of wood, branch, vinyl; big vinyl bag, plastic; home appliance, toy, big piece of plastic, fiber; clothing,mattress, sponge, styrofoam; pieces of styrofoam box, metal; broken metal stuff. BW has characteristics that is bulky andmainly consist of recycle waste compared with general MSW. We compare the composition ratios of only BW, MSWincluding BW and not including BW in order to extend to which variation in BW affects on physical composition ratioof general MSW. As a result of these researches, physical composition ratio between MSW not including BW and BWhas some difference but correspond closely with MSW including BW. This is because BW component ratio is so smallthat have little effect on composition ratio of total waste. Conclusively BW component and physical composition ratio,discharging type should be investigated for characterizing BW. But BW composition ratio needs not to be included onlyfor analyzing physical composition ratio of waste.
