다양한 환경에서 수집한 국내 민들레속 유전자원 수집종의 엽록체 DNA 영역(trnL-trnF와 rps16-trnK) 염기서열을 이용하여 종내․ 간 변이 및 배수성을 구명하여 유전자원 육성의 기초 자료룰 제공하고자 수행하였다. 민들레속 유전자원의 배수성은 털민들레, 서양민들레, 붉은씨서양민들레가 3배체이고, 흰 민들레와 흰노랑민들레는 4배체였다. 염기서열의 길이는 trnLtrnF 영역에서 자생종류인 털민들레, 흰민들레, 흰노랑민들레 가 931 bp에서 935 bp, 서양민들레는 910 bp, 붉은씨서양민들레 는 975 bp로 종간 차이를 나타내었고, 종 특이적 염기서열 88개, 자생종 및 귀화종 특이적 염기서열 41개가 검출되었다. rps16- trnK 영역은 털민들레 882∼883 bp, 흰민들레 875∼881 bp, 흰 노랑민들레는 878∼883 bp 서양민들레 874∼876 bp, 붉은씨서 양민들레는 847∼848 bp로 37개 종특이적 염기서열이 검출되 었다. 염기서열의 유사도는 trnL-trnF 영역에서 0.860∼1.000 사이로 평균 0.949이며, rps16-trnK 영역의 유사도는 0.919∼ 1.000 사이로 평균 0.967이었다. 염기서열을 바탕으로 유연관계를 분석한 결과, trnL-trnF 영역은 크게 자생종류와 귀화종 류로 구분되었으며, 서양민들레와 붉은씨서양민들레는 같은 종 간에 유집되었고, 자생종류는 분리되지 않았으며, rps16-trnK 4개 그룹과 유집되지 않은 5개체로 나뉘었다. 흰노랑민들레는 두 영역 모두 흰민들레와 동일 계통군을 형성하였고, 염기서열 상 두 종간 뚜렷한 차이가 없었다. 유연관계에서 모두 독립적으로 존재한 흰민들레 No. 10 (조계산)과 털민들레 1번(광양)은 민들레 유전자원 육성소재로 활용이 기대된다.

The morphological characteristics and genetic relationships among 32 germplasms of Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Zanthoxylum piperitum collected from two farms in Korea were investigated. The traits with the most variability were seed color, leaf size, and spine size. The intraspecific polymorphism of Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum was 96.5% and 60.3%, respectively. The genetic diversity and Shannon’s information index values ranged from 0.11 to 0.33 and 0.19 to 0.50, with average values of 0.26 and 0.42, respectively. Two ISSR primers (UBC861 and UBC862) were able to distinguish the different species. The genetic similarity matrix (GSM) revealed variability among the accessions ranging from 0.116 to 0.816. The intraspecific GSM for Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum was 0.177–0.780 and 0.250–0.816, respectively. The GSM findings indicate that Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum accessions have high genetic diversity and possess germplasms qualifying as good genetic resources for cross breeding. The clustering analysis separated Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum into independent groups, and all accessions could be classified into three categories. Z. Schinifolium var. nermis belonged to independent groups. Comparison of the clusters based on morphological analysis with those based on ISSR data resulted in an unclear pattern of division among the accessions. The study findings indicate that Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum accessions have genetic diversity, and ISSR markers were useful for identifying Z. schinifolium and Z. piperitum.

Acetic acid solution containing calcium (AC) was added to kimchi seasonings by 10% and 205, and heat treatment at 70 for 15 min was also tried, respectively. Kimchi with treated seasonings was investigated for the quality during fermentation at 10. Heat treatment with 20% AC showed a retarded decrease pH than others on 10 days, but there was no great difference after 14 days. Higher titratable acidity was revealed in kimchi with AC during the fermentation. Total microbial lead and lactic acid bacterial count were generally lower in kimchi with AC. Reducing sugar content was maximum for all samples on 5 days, and then decreased thereafter. Redness of control kimchi was steadily increased during fermentation, but was lower than those of other treatments.

To prolong the shelf life of green chili pepper, packaging films such as 30 low density polyethylene(LDPE), 20 perforated polyolefin (SM250), 30 cast polypropylene (CPP) and 15 polyolefin (MPD) were used. LDPE showed a suitable gas concentration which consisted of 3-5% O and below 5% COfor keeping quality of green chili peppers after 10 days. Though weight loss was 9.3% for SM250 after 5 days, others showed below 2.0% weight loss after 40 days. Green chili peppers inside CPP package revealed a great decrease in ascorbic acid content after 30 days. SM250 showed a less total microbial count among packages, but there was no great differences among packages.