General process for waste vinyl pretreatment system is consisted of separating, crushing, washing, drying and recovering impurities. However, there are problems such as wastewater when washing of waste vinyl. In order to solve these problems we have developed new dry type cleaning system. This system consists of five equipment : 1) Hydraulic cutter to cut in 1m size, 2) 1st crusher to cut in 20～30cm size, 3) 2nd crusher to cut in 3～8cm size. 4) Separation to recovering impurities. 5) Thermal fiow dryer to dry.

The purpose of this study is to identify the best firing condition for Celadon, which is one of the famous traditional pottery to represent Korean culture, by minimizing energy consumption, cutting firing time, shortening the time of processing ceramic making, in order to, save energy as well as to protect the potters' health. Most Korean potter starts their reduction from 950℃ to change kiln atmosphere. However on this study, reduction have started from 950℃ to 1200℃ by increasing 50℃ at a time. Then the results are analyzed to be compared to previous Celadon, in colors, chroma, and brightness. As a results, it is found, that the best temperature for starting reduction is 1100℃, when chroma and brightness values to meet same with previous celadon. Therefore the best condition could be made by starting the reduction on 1100℃ to fire celadon, which would have shorten 2 hours of firing process and, at the same time, it could have saved the energy by 12%.

Both supply chain management and safety management contribute to strengthening a company's competitiveness. However, there is no previous research that considers supply chain management and safety management simultaneously The objective of this research is to study on application of safety management to supply chain. In this paper, the concept of supply chain safety management is defined. Based on the concept of supply chain safety management, supply chain safety management model is developed that consists of supply safety management, production safety management, storage safety management, and distribution safety management. In order to apply supply chain safety management, a methodology is developed that consists of four phases. Applying the supply chain safety management model, it is expected a company to lower cost as well as to raise customer satisfaction level.

In manufacturing industry of the modem industrial society, people increasingly become concerned the awareness of safety increasingly although they have regarded production the most important factor. Even though, as people make efforts on accident preventions, the number of accidents is decreasing, fatal major industry accidents are rather thanincreasing so that the number of deaths has not decreased. Under these conditions, there is an attempt to introduce and perform the process safety management system as a means for keeping from major industry accidents. However, it leaves to be desired on the methods of measuring process safety in the general manufacturing industry, while it is available to do that in the chemistry industry. Therefore, in this paper, we analysis processes of manufacturing industry in safety point of view and suggest the technique efficiently measuring and managing each process. Proposed the technique shows that the specification on safety determines AHP weight through the managers of firms and each process is suggested by using normalized matrix.

Process control and autonomous safety control by applying PSM(Process Safety Management) method using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) and to development of PSIM(Process Safety Information Management) evaluation method in the construction. The reason why PSIM method should be quantitative and substantial progress is because it contributes Korean constructing companies to enhancing their safety control ability and to taking an equal stance just like developed countries, thereby strengthening their competitive edges.

는 현재 전기 전자 부속 산업엣 필수적인 재료로서, multilayer capacitor,positive temperature coefficient(PTC) resistor, grain-boundary battier layer capacitor(GBBLC)등에 쓰이고 있다. 의 전기적 특성을 최대화하기 위해서는 미세구조가 최적화 되어야만 하는데 일반적으로 수 마이트로 이내의 작고 균일한 크기의 입자크기가 바람직하다. 그러나 계에서 화학양론의 조성이 정확

Full scale experiment was carried out in the southern sea of Korea to compare some important factors tested in the model experiment. The results obtained can be summarized as follows ; 1. The changing aspect of mouth performance of the full scale net was almost coincided with the results obtained by the model experiment. The vertical opening(H) and the opening area(S) can be expressed as a function of the towing velocity(V) as H=48.78. e0.38V(unit: m, k't) S= 1,443 .e-0.25V(unit: m2V, k't) 2. The changing aspect of working depth of the full scale net was almost coincided with the results obtained by the model experiment. The depth(D) can be expressed as a function of the towing velocity(V) and the warp length(L) as D=92.49.V1.37(unit: m, k't, L= 150m) D= 12.07+0.32. L (unit: m, V=2k't) [)= - 7.90+0.22 . L (unit: m, V=3k't) 3. Some problems were found to operate A - type full scale net by common bottom pair trawlers. The problems can be summarized as follows; (1) Entangling of wing and square head ropes while net casting.(2) Man power needed and time spent for net hauling by common bottom trawlers increased considerably.( 3) Tearing of nettings caused by over -load of tension and entangling of net pendant while net hauling. To solve these problems, the trawlers are favorable to be equipped with variable pitch propeller and llet drum. While the net is favorable to be constructed with trifurcated net pendant in stead of quadrifurcated net pendant used at present.

Towing tension of the model nets were determined by the load cell(O~20kg, 20DBBP) in front of W〈lrp with the combinations of towing velocity, warp length and the distance between paired boats. Towing tension of the full scale net was determined by the load cell( 0 ~ 6ton) in front of warp with the towing velocity. The results obtained can be summarized as follows; 1. The changing aspect of towing tensions of the model nets A and B varied by the same tendency in the range of O.356-2.019kg and O.352~2.117kg, respectively, depend on the operational factors. Among the factors, the towing velocity was the most influential. The tensions(T) can be expressed as a function of the towing velocity(V) as TmA = 1.57 . V1.86 (unit: kg, mlsec) TmB= 1.58 . V1.90 2. The towing tension of the full scale net was almost coincided with the results obtained by the model experiment. The towing tension(T) can be expressed as a function of the towing veJocity(V) as T=479V1.75(unit: kg, k't)

이 연구에서는 전보에서 어군의 유영공간을 3차원으로 고려하여 제안한 어군행동을 나타내는 수치 모델의 타당성을 검토하기 위하여 수치 모델의 잔차에 대한 백색성검정 및 실험과 시뮬레이션에 의한 결과를 비교하는 두 가지 방법을 사용하였다. 모형 그물이 없는 경우와 모형 그물이 있는 경우 모두 잔치의 평균이 0에 가까우며, 그 표준편차는 대체로 ±7 이내로서 잔차의 거동이 안정된 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 개체수가 5마리 이상이고 유속이 20cm/sec 이하인 경우에는 수치 모델에 의한 잔차의 자기상관함수가 95%의 유음수준에서 유음한 것으로 나타났으므로, 잔차는 백색잡음의 양상으로 나타나는 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 이 수치 모델은 대체로 타당한 것으로 간주할 수 있다. 실험과 시뮬레이션에 의한 결과에 대하여 어군의 유영특성을 나타내는 지표로서 유영궤적, 수조벽과 개체 사이의 거리, 유영속도, 유영 깊이, 개체상호간의 최근접거리 등을 비교하면, 실험과 시뮬레이션에 의한 결과가 완전히 일치하지는 않으나 대체로 그 경향이 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 어군의 유영공간을 3차원으로 고려하여 유속의 변화에 따른 어군행동의 추정이 어느 정도 가능해짐으로서, 앞으로 보다 발전된 모델링 기법을 도입하면 현장에서의 적용가능성이 있을 것으로 생각된다. 그러나, 이러한 일련의 연구에서는 실험의 편의를 위하여 시간의 변화에 따른 유향과 유속의 변화를 고려하지 않고 일정 방향의 일정 유속만을 고려하였기 때문에, 현장에서의 적용을 위해서는 환경요인, 공간상의 환경조건 및 어군의 규모에 의한 차이 등 해결해야 할 문제점이 많이 남아 있다. 현단계에서의 과제는 축양장과 같은 제한된 공간에서의 어군행동의 예측, 제어등이 가능하도록 모델링에 관한 연구가 계속되어야 할 것이다.

어군행동의 추정 및 제어등을 위한 기초자료의 제공과 어군행동의 모델링 기법을 현장에 적용하기 위한 가능성을 모색하기 위하여 어군행동을 나타내는 수치모델을 작성하고 유속이 있는 실험수조에서 유영하는 무지개송어를 대상으로 개체 및 어군의 3차원 위치 시계열 데이타를 이용하여 어군행동을 나타내는 수치 모델의 파라메터를 최소자승법으로 추정하였다. 어군행동을 나타내는 수치모델의 개체수 및 유속에 따른 파라메터 값의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 추정한 파라메터 값을 평균이 0이고, 분산이 1되게 파라메터를 표준화하여 비교한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 개체의 전방추진력의 크기를 나타내는 파라메터 a*는 개체수 및 유속이 증가함에 따라 대체로 작아지는 경향을 나타내었다. (2) 개체 사이의 영향력의 크기를 나타내는 파라메터 kb*는 개체수가 많아짐에 따라 대체로 커지는 경향을 나타내었으나, 유속이 빠를수록 대체로 작아지는 것으로 나타났다. (3) 성군력의 크기를 나타내는 파라메터 kc*는 개체수 및 유속이 증가함에 따라 대체로 커지는 경향을 나타내었다. (4) 수조의 벽이나 바닥 등에 대한 반발력의 크기를 나타내는 파라메터 |kw+*|는 개체수가 많아짐에 따라 다소 커졌으나, 유속이 빠를수록 작아지는 것으로 나타났다. (5) 수조의 벽이나 바닥등에 대한 유인력의 크기를 나타내는 파라메터 |kw+*|는 개체수에 관계없이 대체로 일정한 것으로 나타났으나, 유속이 빠를수록 대체로 커지는 경향을 나타내었다. (6) 저항력의 크기를 나타내는 파라메터 v*는 개체수가 많아짐에 따라 다소 커지는 경향을 나타내었으나, 유속이 빠를수록 작아지는 것으로 나타났다.

모형 그물에 대한 어군행동의 수치모델링에 관한 연구의 일환으로서 어군행동의 모델링을 위하여 어군행동을 나타내는 운동방정식을 구성하는 각종 힘들의 parameter를 추정하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자, 모형 그물을 설치하지 않은 상태에서의 유속 변화에 따른 무지개송어의 유영행동을 화성처리하여 각 개체 위치좌표로부터 계산된 유영속도, 유영깊이, 수조의 변과 개체 사이의 거리, 개체상호간의 최근접거리, 어구의 3차원적 구조 등의 유역특성을 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유영궤적으로부터 무지개송어의 유영행동을 살펴보면, 정수상태에서는 수종 중앙부에서 유영하는 빈도가 높았으며, 수조 벽면으로부터 상당히 떨어져서 유회운동을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 정수상태에서의 평균 유영속도는 21.6~23.6cm/sec(2.5~2.9BL cm/sec)로서 개체수가 많을수록 체장당 유영속도가 빠른 것으로 나타났으며, 유속의 변화에 따른 어군의 평균유영속도는 유속이 증가할수록 유영속도도 증가하여 유속이 25cm/sec인 경우에는 유영속도가 30.6 cm/secd(3.8BLcm/sec)에 달하였다. 어군의 평균 유영깊이는 17~38cm로서 주로 중층의 깊이에서 유영하였으며, 유속이 빨라질수록 유영 깊이가 깊어지고 유영 깊이의 변화가 적어졌다. 수조의 벽과 개체 사이의 평균 거리는 17.6~21.4cm였으며, 유속이 빨라질수록 수조의 벽과 개체사이의 거리가 다소 멀어지는 경향을 나타내었다. 개체상호간의 최근거리는 개체수가 많을수록 가까워지며, 유속의 변화에 따른 개체상호간의 최근접거리 평균치는 3.0~5.9cm(0.4~0.7BL cm)로 나타났다. 어군의 3차원적 구조는 군을 형성하는 개체수가 증가함에 따라 군의 형상이 길이, 폭 및 깊이의 모든 방향으로 넓어지며, 유속이 빨라질수록 길이방향과 폭 방향의 크기가 깊이 방향에 비해 상대적으로 커져 각 방향의 평균 상태비는 2.8 : 2.7 : 1이었다

Working depth of the model net was determined by using of the same experimental tank and the same model net that used in the forwarded report in a series studies. The depth of the net which indicates the depth of the head rope from the water surface, was determined by the photographs taken in front of the net mouth with the combination of towing velocity, warp length and distance between paired boats. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Working depth of model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.09~1.66〈TEA〉m,and 0.04~1.34〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m〈/TEX〉(which can be converted into 2.7~40.2〈TEA〉mand 1.2~49.8〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m〈/TEX〉in the full-scale net) respectively, and the depth of model net A was slightly deeper than the depth of the model net B. 2. Working depth (〈TEA〉D,which is appendixed m for the model net, f for the full-scale net, A and B for the types of the model nets) can be expressed as the function of towing velocity〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Vt〈/TEX〉, as in the model net(〈TEA〉Vt=〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m〈/TEX〉/〈TEA〉sec) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉DmA〈/TEX〉=(-1.99+0.65〈TEA〉Lw) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-1.72Vt〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉DmA]=(-1.91+1.04 〈TEA〉Lw) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e2.88Vt〈/TEX〉 in the full-scale net(〈TEA〉Vt=〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉k〈/TEX〉'〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉t〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉DfA=(-29.32+0.65〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Lw〈/TEX〉)〈TEA〉e0.40 Vt 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉DfB〈/TEX〉=(-57.60+1.04〈TEA〉Lw)〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-0.67 Vt〈/TEX〉 3. Working depth 9〈TEA〉D appendixes are as same as the former) can be expressed as the function of warp length〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Lw〈/TEX〉) in the model net, and can be converted into full-scale net as in the model net (〈TEA〉Vt=〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m〈/TEX〉/〈TEA〉sec) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉DmA〈/TEX〉=-0.99 〈TEA〉e-1.42Vt+0.67〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-1359Vt〈/TEX〉〈TEA〉Lw 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉DmB〈/TEX〉=-.258〈TEA〉e-3.77Vt+1.16〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-3.15Vt〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉Lw, in the full-scale net(〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Vt〈/TEX〉=k't) 〈TEA〉DfA=-29.28〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-0.32Vt〈/TEX〉+0.67〈TEA〉e-0.37Vt〈TEA〉Lw 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉DfB〈/TEX〉=-69.10〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-0.81Vt〈/TEX〉+1.16〈TEA〉e-0.72Vt〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Lw〈/TEX〉. 4. Working depth was gradually shallowed according to the increase of the distance between paired boats.

A model experiment on the pair midwater trawl net applicable to 800 PS class Korean pair bottom trawlers was carried out in the special-prepared experimental thank. the tank was prepared as a reverse trapezoid shape in its vertical section by digging out flat soil. The dimension of the tank showed the 9.6 W×43.0 L(m) of the upper fringe and the 4.8 W×38.0 L(m) of the bottom with 3.0m in depth. The depth of water was maintained 2.7m during experiment. The model net was prepared based on the Tauti's similarity law of fishing gear in 1/30 scale considering the dimension of the experimental tank. Mouth performance of the model net during towing were determined by the photographs taken in front of the net mouth with the combinations of towing velocity, warp length and distance between paired boats. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Vertical opening of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.18~0.88 m and 0.21~0.78 m (which can be converted into 5.4~26.4m and 6.3~23.4 m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing speed. Vertical opening (H which is appendixed m for the model net. f for the full-scale net. A and B for the types of the model net) can be expressed as the function of towing velocity〈TEA〉Vtas in the model net 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Vt〈/TEX〉 : m/ sec)〈TEA〉HmA=1.67〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-1.65Vt〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉HmB=1.15〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-1.13Vt〈/TEX〉, in the full-scale net (〈TEA〉Vt : k't) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉HfA〈/TEX〉=50.27〈TEA〉e-0.37Vt 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉HfB〈/TEX〉=34.46〈TEA〉e-0.26Vt. 2. Horizontal opening of the model nets An and b was varied in the range of 1.03~1.54m and 1.04~1.55 m (which can be converted into 30.9~46.2 m and 31.2~46.5m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by distance between paired boats. Horizontal opening (W, appendixes are as same as the former) an be expressed as the function of distance between paired boats 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Db〈/TEX〉as in the model net 〈TEA〉WmA=0.69+0.09〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Db〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉WmB=0.73+0.09〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Db〈/TEX〉, in the full-scale net 〈TEA〉WfA=20.81+0.09〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Db〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉WfB=22.11+0.09〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Db〈/TEX〉 3. Net opening area of the model net A and B was varied in the range of 0.28~1.04 〈TEA〉m2 and 0.33~0.94〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m2〈/TEX〉(which can be converted into 252~936〈TEA〉m2 and 297~846〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m2〈/TEX〉 in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing velocity. Net opening area (〈TEA〉S, appendixes are as same as the former) van be expressed as the function of towing velocity〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉Vt〈/TEX〉 as in the model net 〈TEA〉vt : m/sec) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉SMa〈/TEX〉=2.01〈TEA〉e-1.54VT 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉SmA〈/TEX〉=1.40〈TEA〉e-1.65Vt, in the full-scale net (〈TEA〉Vt : k't) 〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉SfA〈/TEX〉=1.807〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-0.35Vt〈/TEX〉 〈TEA〉SfA=1.265〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉e-0.24Vt〈/TEX〉. 4. Filtering volume of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.32~0.55 〈TEA〉m3 and 0.37~0.55〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m3〈/TEX〉(which can be converted into 8.640~14.850 〈TEA〉m3 and 9.990~14.850〈TEA〉〈/TEX〉m3〈/TEX〉in the full~scale net) respectively, and was predominantly varied by towing speed. filteri..

Stow-net is originally spreaded with a lifting beam and a depressing beam. The net is improved by using canvas-made spreading devices by Mr. Han and his colleagues in the beginning of 1980's. The net is improved again by changing the partial shape of netting and arrangement of net pendants so as to be fitting with the actual performance of the net by Dr. Lee and his colleagues since 1988. The author studied to compare the fishing efficiency of those two kinds of nets(The former which was improve by Mr. Han is expressed as a traditional net and the latter improved again by Dr. Lee is expressed as an improved net in the present study). Twenty-one stow-netters concerned with the present study were selected among those based on the Port of Inchon, and were classified into two groups-eleven of them are a traditional net used group and ten are an improved net used group. The data on the fishing operation from August 1992 to March 1993, including the catch, the price of sell, the fishing operated times in every cruise and the fished position noticed by every stow-netter were offered by concerned stow-netters. From the data the times of operation, catch and value in every cruise were extracted and analyzed. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The times of operation in cruise were 13.7 by the traditional net used group and 12.7 by the improved net used group. 2. The mean catch per cruise showed 10.1M/T in the traditional net used group and 12.2M/T in the improved net used group, so the latter showed 21% better. 3. The mean catch per operation showed 0.7M/T in the traditional net used group and 0.9M/T in the improved net used group, so the latter showed 28% better. 4. The rate of three important species(starks, hair tail and croakers) in the total catch showed 83%, and the catch showed greater by the improved net used group at the rate of starks 141%, hair tail 110%, croakers 107%. 5. The rate of three important species in the total price showed 82%, but the price of starks which occupied the biggest in catch showed merely 5%, then the economical efficiency appeared low. 6. The mean price per stow-netter and per operation showed about 20%, greater respectively by the improved net used group and the mean price per operation by two important species(hair tail and croakers) showed greater about 30% by the improved net used group.