This study was performed to investigate the asbestos contents on bulk samples of 4 building types(public, commercial, residential, school) in chungbuk area and collected from june 3, 2010 to July 10, 2011. We classified the bulk samples into the regulated asbestos containing building materials(ACBM) and architecture materials by 4 building types at removal and disposal sites. The results were as follows. </br>The detection rate of the ACBMs were found mainly public(86.6%), and residential (82.1%) buildings. The founded asbestos were chrysotile and amosite. Compared with 4 building types, the contents of chrysotile in public, commercial, residential and school were 32.6% (3-70%), 43.9% (5-87%), 39.6(5-72%) and 46.7%(range 4-89%), respectively. The miscellaneous materials were found chrysotile and a mixed form with chrysotile and amosite for 4 building types. </br>In the architecture materials, the contents of chrysotile was found mainly in slate (11.4%, range 2-37%). The slate in residential had high asbestos content of chrysotile (15.9%, range 1-31%). The textiles which collected from 4 building types were found chrysotile, the mixed form. The contents of chrysotile in cement flat board in public, commercial, residential and school were 8.9% (2-24%), 7.1% (1-16%), 7.9%(1-29%) and 3.7%(1-9%), respectively. </br>In conclusion, this study is suggested that it should be contributed to manage the ACBM in 4 building types and to protect the health of workers at building removal sites.

Recently, media coverages of the asbestos were gradually increased. In fact, serious problems have been found in asbestos removal. This study was performed against 375 workers from 30 asbestos removal firms from August 7 to December 10, 2010 in order to find out work conditions for asbestos removal. Then, the following results were obtained:
In terms of area, Seoul/Gyeonggi was the highest with 218 workers (58.1%). In terms of age, '41-50' was the highest among 140 workers (37.3%). The mean age was 50.3. When asked if they smoke cigarette, 272 respondents (72.5%) said 'YES.' When asked how many cigarettes they smoke a day, 11-20 (190 workers, 73.2%) was the highest, followed by 10 or less (43, 15.8%) and 'a pack or more (30, 11.0%).' In terms of average off-days per year, '1 month or less (257 workers, 68.5%)' was the highest, followed by '1-3 month(s) (77 workers, 20.5%)' and '3 months or more (41 workers, 10.9%).' In terms of annual income, 'KRW 10-20 million' was the highest with 162 workers (43.2%). No one was able to earn more than KRW 50 million. In terms of the workers' knowledge of the danger of asbestos, when asked if they were aware that asbestos can cause lung cancer, 348 respondents (92.8%) answered 'YES' while 7 workers (1.9%) said 'I am Not Sure.' According to multi-response analysis on protective clothing and gear, 369 respondents (98.9%) put on 'dust respirator' while 364 workers (97.6%) wore 'helmet.' In addition, 220 respondents (59.0%) answered that they wore 'protective clothing.' When asked how the protective clothing and gear were handled after use, 'seal them up in a designated bag and have them disposed of properly' was the response that has the highest percentage (360 respondents, 96.0%). The questionnaire consisted of 13 questions. Cronbach's alpha, which was performed to assess the reliability of the survey, was 0.858.

This study has attempted to investigate current asbestos laws in the amended Occupational Safety and Health Act on the removal and disposal of asbestos. Among 800 registered asbestos removal and disposal companies, 499 firms were investigated from August 7 to December 10, 2009. The qualified inspectors (those with Industrial Hygiene Engineer’s License or higher-level technical license) are educated for more than three hours before starting the inspection. In terms of regional distribution, Gyeonggi / Incheon was the highest with 105 companies(21%), followed by Daegu / Gyeongbuk(100, 20%), Chungbuk(97, 19.4%), Jeonbuk(37, 7.4%), Gwangju / Jeonnam (35, 7.0%) and Seoul(33, 6.6%). In terms of the number of education and technical assistances(1,348 in total) among 499 asbestos removal and disposal companies ,‘personal protective equipment and putting it on(287, 21.3%)’ was the highest, followed by ‘safety & health actions by asbestos removal and disposal work(171, 12.7%),’ ‘hazard of asbestos(168, 12.5%),’ ‘NO SMOKING and NO FOOD(164, 12.2%)’ and ‘prevention of asbestos fibers from being airborne(12, 0.9%).’A questionnaire consisted of 11 questions regarding the obse tance of enforcement ordinances associated with the removal and disposal of asbestos. According to an investigation on the current status of the workplace based on inspectors’ checklists, 3 scores were maintained in average. This paper has limitations because it has failed to randomly investigate the workplace because it is very strict to visit the asbestos removal and disposal sites.

This study was surveyed to evaluate and recognize the distribution characteristics of indoor air pollutants(IAPs) such as the total volatile organic compounds(VOCs), formaldehyde(HCHO), PM10, carbon dioxide(CO2), nitrogen dioxide(NO2), ozone(O3) and radon in 10 elementary schools located in urban, rural, and industrial complex area from November 2005 to February 2006. The average concentration of IAPs were 117.9㎍/㎥ as in PM10, 1,971ppm as in CO2, 486.6㎍/㎥ as in TVOC. These chemical's concentration was exceeded the indoor air standards of the Department of Education in Korea. The indoor concentrations of ozone and toluene was lower than that of outdoor and other pollutants showed the opposite tendency. In schools located industrial complex area, the outdoor concentration of TVOC was higher than that of urban and rural area. Based on the results above, PM10, CO2, TVOC have to be in the order of priority to improve the indoor environment in school. Also it should be performed in the detailed survey considered by the seasonal variation because this study showed cross-sectional results.

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of asbestos distribution in 6 public and 6 school buildings from August to September in 2006. The bulk samples were analysed by PLM(polarized light microscope). Also the airborne samples were analysed PCM(phase contrast microscope) and confirmed by SEM-EDX(scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive using X-ray analysis) method. The 6 public buildings included the ACM(asbestos containing material) ranged 2-7 % of chrysotile in 70 % of samples from ceiling, floor tile, and wall board and has 20 % tremolite in 2 ceiling plaster. The 6 school buildings were identified 1.5 % tremolite in one sample and showed the similar asbestos distribution with the public building. The airborne concentrations of fiber materials were ranged with 0.000-0.017 f/cc in public places and 0.000-0.012 f/cc in school building by PCM. However, the asbestos fibers could not be found by SEM-EDX. In the result of physical assessment of ACM in each buildings, it is considered that there is no chance of a hazardous situation because the ACM is not friable. Its suggested that the asbestos control plan should be established to prevent asbestos exposure to occupants from damaged ACM by repairing and custodial work.

Po1ymer를 피복한 벼 종자의 종자세 향상과 환경 적응성을 구명하기 위하여 10종의 Polymer를 피복하여 수분흡수력, 호흡량, 발아력 및 포장 출아율 등을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Polymer피복 종자의 수분흡수율은 포화습도에서 klucel이 가장 높았고 PVP가 가장 낮았으며, 물에 침청할 때는 klucel이 가장 높았고 maltrin이 가장 낮았다. 2. Polymer 피복 종자의 호흡량은 화영벼 와 일품벼 에서 polymer 피복 종자가 낮았으나, 대청벼와 진미벼는 오히려 높았는데 그 정도는 sepiret 피복 종자가 PVP 피복 종자보다 높았다. 3. Polymer피복 과정 중 기계에 의한 종자피해 정도는 발아율이 1% 내외로 저하되어 극히 미미 하였다. 4. 종자세가 양호한 종자에서는 polymer 피복에의한 발아율의 향상은 없었으나 대부분이 95% 이상의 발아율을 보였고 waterlock, surelease 45 및 sepiret등이 특정 품종에서 발아율이 극히 저조하였다. 5. 발아세는 sepiret 피복으로 향상되었고, PVP 피복으로는 약간 저하하였다. 6. Polymer피복 후 노후화 처리 종자의 발아율은 대부분의 polymer에서 피복 종자가 무처리 종자에 비하여 약간 높았으나 sepiret과klucel피복한 종자의 발아율은 현저하게 저하하였다. 7. 저온 발아성은 daran 8600, maltrin, sacrust 및 opadry 등에서는 향상되었고 나머지 polymer는 저해하였는데, 특히 PVP의 발아율이 가장 낮았다. 8. 초장은 대부분의 polymer 피복 종자에서 컸으나 watelock, PVP, maltrin등의 Polymer에서는 작았다. 저온 발아시 초장은 polymer피복으로 오히려 단축되었다. 9. 포장 출아율은 피복 종자가 훨씬 높았으며 출아 소요시간도 훨씬 단축되었다. 포장수분함량 90 %에서 출아율이 가장 양호하였고 출아 소시간도 단축되었으며, 95년 종자가 94년 종자보다도 출아률이 높았고 출아시간도 단축되었다. PVP가 sepiret보다 더 양호한 출아율을 나타냈다.

종자에 osmoconditioning처리하여 포장 입묘율을 안정화함으로써 생력재배의 기초로 활용하 기 위하여 벼, 보리 및 밀 종자에 PEG를 처리하여 발아, 유묘생장성 및 포장 입묘율에 미치는영향을 조사하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수분흡수율은 보리가 가장 높았고 벼가 가장 낮았으며 보리에서는 PEG 처리 종자가 무처리 종자보다 훨씬 높았으나 벼와 밀은 농도간 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 종자호흡량은 PEG 처리 종자가 무처리 종자 에 비하여 낮았고 보리와 밀의 호흡량이 벼 보다 훨씬 높았으나 PEG 처리 농도가 높아질수로 벼는 점차 증가하였다. 3. 전체 평균 발아율은 PEG 처리 종자가 무처리 종자보다도 높았으나, 무처리 종자의 발아율이 원래 높았던 벼에서는 PEG처리 효과가 뚜렷하지 않았지만 무처리 종자의 발아율이 낮았던 보리 에서는 효과가 컸다. 4. 노후화 처리로 종자의 발아율은 낮아 졌으나 재 PEG 처리할 때는 발아율이 급속히 회복되었다. 5. PEG 처리 후 PVP와 waterlock를 재 coating한 종자에서는 coating polymer의 영향이 PEG처리보다도 더 크게 나타났고, 보리 밀과는 달리 벼에서는 polymer에 따라 품종간 특이 한 발아양상을 보였다. 6. PEG처리로 발아소요시간은 벼, 보리 및 밀에서 크게 단축되었고 PEG처리 농도간 차이는 뚜렷하지 않았다. 7. PEG 처리로 초장은 벼에서는 더 커졌지만 보리와 밀에서는 품종간 각각 다양한 결과를 보였고, PEG 처리 후 polymercoating 종자에서도 polymer에 따라 각각 달랐다. 8. 건물중은 작물별로 각각 달랐는데 벼와 밀에서는 PEG 농도 차이가 없었고 보리 에서는 PEG 처리 농도가 점차 높아질수록 증가하였다. 9. 포장출아율은 PEG처리 종자가 훨씬 높았는데 농도가 높아질수록 감소하였고, 벼는 토양수분함량 90%에서, 보리 와 밀은 각각 50, 70%에서 가장 높았다. 10. 포장 출아 소요시간은 벼가 보리와 밀보다도 훨씬 길었고 벼에서는 도장 수분함량이 높을수록, 보리와 밀에서는 낮을수록 단축되었다.