The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of government's asbestos management policy for asbestos managers in school and asbestos industries, who are stakeholders related to asbestos, and the general public. The purpose is to suggest preliminary data for the establishment of communication methodology of asbestos risk, fit for the features of each audiences, by grasping the features of risk communication by each element for each group survey. For this study, a questionnaire survey has been conducted from May to August in 2012 and the responses of 617 people including 214 school asbestos managers, 95 managers related to asbestos industry and 308 the general people have been analyzed. As a result of the measurement of asbestos risk, the perception degree of general asbestos risk is higher in general public than the expert group's one, women than men, and nonsmokers than smokers. For the reliability of government's asbestos risk management, it was shown that it is the highest in school asbestos managers with public official personalities, who are a quasi-expert group for asbestos, than any other groups, the expert group of managers related to asbestos industry is in the middle level and general public group is in the lowest level. For trust in of government policy, it was shown that it is higher in school asbestos managers, than in group of managers related to asbestos industry, and the general public has a similar level of reliability with the group of managers related to asbestos industry. After consideration of path coefficient by structural equation modeling in order to investigate the relation between factors that the trust affects of asbestos management policy among the variables of awareness of asbestos management policy, it has been shown that the main factor in reliability of asbestos policy in all investigated groups was an awareness of information sharing for asbestos policy, and the second factor was reliability in government's asbestos risk management.

Recently, media coverages of the asbestos were gradually increased. In fact, serious problems have been found in asbestos removal. This study was performed against 375 workers from 30 asbestos removal firms from August 7 to December 10, 2010 in order to find out work conditions for asbestos removal. Then, the following results were obtained:
In terms of area, Seoul/Gyeonggi was the highest with 218 workers (58.1%). In terms of age, '41-50' was the highest among 140 workers (37.3%). The mean age was 50.3. When asked if they smoke cigarette, 272 respondents (72.5%) said 'YES.' When asked how many cigarettes they smoke a day, 11-20 (190 workers, 73.2%) was the highest, followed by 10 or less (43, 15.8%) and 'a pack or more (30, 11.0%).' In terms of average off-days per year, '1 month or less (257 workers, 68.5%)' was the highest, followed by '1-3 month(s) (77 workers, 20.5%)' and '3 months or more (41 workers, 10.9%).' In terms of annual income, 'KRW 10-20 million' was the highest with 162 workers (43.2%). No one was able to earn more than KRW 50 million. In terms of the workers' knowledge of the danger of asbestos, when asked if they were aware that asbestos can cause lung cancer, 348 respondents (92.8%) answered 'YES' while 7 workers (1.9%) said 'I am Not Sure.' According to multi-response analysis on protective clothing and gear, 369 respondents (98.9%) put on 'dust respirator' while 364 workers (97.6%) wore 'helmet.' In addition, 220 respondents (59.0%) answered that they wore 'protective clothing.' When asked how the protective clothing and gear were handled after use, 'seal them up in a designated bag and have them disposed of properly' was the response that has the highest percentage (360 respondents, 96.0%). The questionnaire consisted of 13 questions. Cronbach's alpha, which was performed to assess the reliability of the survey, was 0.858.

This study has attempted to investigate current asbestos laws in the amended Occupational Safety and Health Act on the removal and disposal of asbestos. Among 800 registered asbestos removal and disposal companies, 499 firms were investigated from August 7 to December 10, 2009. The qualified inspectors (those with Industrial Hygiene Engineer’s License or higher-level technical license) are educated for more than three hours before starting the inspection. In terms of regional distribution, Gyeonggi / Incheon was the highest with 105 companies(21%), followed by Daegu / Gyeongbuk(100, 20%), Chungbuk(97, 19.4%), Jeonbuk(37, 7.4%), Gwangju / Jeonnam (35, 7.0%) and Seoul(33, 6.6%). In terms of the number of education and technical assistances(1,348 in total) among 499 asbestos removal and disposal companies ,‘personal protective equipment and putting it on(287, 21.3%)’ was the highest, followed by ‘safety & health actions by asbestos removal and disposal work(171, 12.7%),’ ‘hazard of asbestos(168, 12.5%),’ ‘NO SMOKING and NO FOOD(164, 12.2%)’ and ‘prevention of asbestos fibers from being airborne(12, 0.9%).’A questionnaire consisted of 11 questions regarding the obse tance of enforcement ordinances associated with the removal and disposal of asbestos. According to an investigation on the current status of the workplace based on inspectors’ checklists, 3 scores were maintained in average. This paper has limitations because it has failed to randomly investigate the workplace because it is very strict to visit the asbestos removal and disposal sites.

when adopting and implementing GHS system in Korea and to draft the revision proposal for Industrial Safety and Health Act taking into account of unique domestic situation. The research method is to conduct a survey for 2 month period from early April to late May in 2006 to 830 randomly selected chemical manufacturing, importing and exporting, and consumption companies out of all the companies surveyed by the Ministry of Labor under 2004 Work Environment Status National Survey. A total of 610 survey was collected and analyzed. The results of this thesis is summarized as follows , First, based on the survey analysis it is vital to conduct a national PR using pamphlet, internet, and daily newspaper and to provide technical assistance such as training expert and publishing GHS manual by expert organization such as Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency (KOSHA) for early settlement of GHS in Korea. Second, it is also needed to give a grace period of 1 to 2 years to minimize the dramatic impact for industry, to encourage the establishment of the GHS team utilizing safety managers within companies, and to develop and distribute the standard GHS software by government. Third, taking into account of difficult situation of small companies, KOSHA needs to provide a full technical and financial support for companies with less than 100 employees and especially for chemical manufacturing companies. Fourth, it is also needed to operate an Interministrial GHS Committee (IGC) involving 7 related ministries for smooth GHS implementation and to develop an infra by sharing responsibilities among related ministries and establishing internationally recognized organization for hazard classification, labelling, and MSDS.

This paper has attempted to analyze asbestos dismantlement and removal companies' licensing procedure and their work satisfaction and observance of laws and regulations and discover problems for improvement of the current system. In terms of the number of asbestos dismantlement and removal companies by region, Seoul and Gyeonggi (32, 43.2%) were the highest, followed by Jeonnam, Jeonbuk and Jeju (19, 25.7%), Gyeongnam and Gyeongbuk / Chungnam and Chungbuk (8 apiece, 10.8%) and Gangwon (7, 9.5%). In terms of the number of asbestos dismantlement and removal works, it has rapidly increased from 33 cases (1.4%) in 2005 to 598 (25.1%) in 2007 and 1,599 (67.2%) in 2008. In terms of preliminary investigation on asbestos, asbestos-related education and work environment by region, a significant statistical difference has been observed. According to analysis on the asbestos dismantlement and removal companies' satisfaction (in terms of the appropriateness of dismantlement and removal cost), 'unsatisfied (35 companies, 47.3%)' was the highest, followed by 'not bad (20, 27.0%)' and 'satisfied (19, 25.7%),' showing high dissatisfaction on the cost. In terms of the asbestos dismantlement and removal companies' satisfaction at work, Factor 1 accounted for 39.3% while Factor 2 was 16.8%, which showed 56.2% in total.

This paper has attempted to find out the factors that have an influence on the consciousness of the release of hazardous materials into the air in a nail shop. For this, the concentrations of organic solvents in the air in 10 nail shop(31 employees) in 'S' District of Seoul have been measured. Furthermore, a questionnaire survey was conducted from January 18 to May 18, 2008. Most subjects were female with mean age of 25.61 years - 25 or younger: 19 (61.3%), older than 25 : 12 (38.7%). At the breathing height for employees in a nail shop, the concentrations of organic solvents were the highest (16.61ppm), followed by ethyl acetate 1.23ppm, butyl acetate 0.40ppm, toluene 0.27ppm, n-hexane 0.25ppm and isopropyl alcohol 0.21ppm. With regard to employees' consciousness symptoms (frequent fatigue' 100%, 'headache' 90.3%, 'nasal irritation' 77.4%, 'irritation in eyes' 71.0%, 'score throat' 64.5% and 'coughing' 51.6%), statistically significant difference has been observed (p<0.01). In particular, this paper has been aimed to suggest ground data for revision of the regulations that are related with the indoor air quality of nail shop and the guidelines for employees' health.

The airms of this study are to examine the concentrations of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in hospitals and to compare concentrations of VOCsin hospital with public facilities. Mean concentraton of total volatile organic compounds(TVOCs) in hospital was 103.97±87.39㎍/m³, that was lower than guideline of KMOE. The highest concentration of VOCs in hospital was 19.07±13.47㎍/m³ for Toluene. The distribution of VOCs in hospitals was log-normal distribution. As the result of Monte carlo simulation, the distribution of VOCs in hospitals was log-normal distribution with the exception of Toluene with normal distribution.

목적 : 본 연구는 일부 병원의 작업치료사를 대상으로 직무특성, 스트레스, 만족도를 파악하고, 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하기 위한 것이다. 연구방법 : 2005년 11월 5일까지 대한작업치료사 협회에 등록된 임상작업치료사로서 일반적 특성, 직무특성, 직무스트레스, 직무만족도를 포함한 총 63문항의 구조화된 설문지를 가지고 자료 수집을 하였으며, SPSS 프로그램을 통해 일반적 특성과 업무에 따른 직무만족도 및 하부요인 만족도의 차이를 알아보기 위해 t-검정, 직무요인은 ANOVA검정, 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는 독립변수들을 평가하기 위하여 위계적 다중회귀분석(hierarchical multiple regression)을 실시하였다. 결과 : 업무만족도는 1일 치료 환자수가 적을수록, 환자치료에 더 많은 시간을 사용할수록, 직무자율성 요인의 스트레스가 낮을수록 높으며, 소아․청소년을 담당하는 치료사의 업무만족도가 높았다. 직업만족도는 1일 치료하는 환자의 수가 적을수록, 동료수가 2～4명인 경우는 높았지만, 연령이 낮고, 조직체계 요인의 스트레스가 높을수록 낮았다. 보상 및 기회만족도는 남자작업치료사, 연령대가 30～34세 이상, 기혼자, 1일근무시간이 8시간이하, 근무기간이 5년 이상, 급여가 월 200만원 이상의 경우 높았다. 전체만족도는 연령이 30~34세 이상인 경우, 1일 치료 환자수가 적을수록 높았고, 연령이 낮을수록 낮았다. 직무스트레스 요인과 직무만족도의 상관관계를 보면, 모든 직무스트레스 요인은 직무만족도와 역상관관계를 보이며, 특히 직무자율성 결여, 관계갈등, 조직체계 및 보상부적절 항목은 모든 만족도와 통계적으로 의미 있는 역상관관계를 보여주었다. 결론 : 직무만족도를 높이기 위하여 관계갈등과 조직체계의 스트레스 요인을 줄이고, 직무 자율성을 높이는 것이 중요하며, 이를 위하여 작업치료사들의 업무권한 및 자율성을 개선시키고, 조직 내 구성원들 간의 관계개선 및 의사소통을 원활하게 하고 복지후생 및 인사체계의 합리성과 관련된 조직문화 개발, 그리고 성과급이나 교육의 기회제공과 같은 보상과 관련된 제도적 장치가 필요하다고 하겠다.

This study was performed to estimate the emission rate of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and to evaluate the risk level affected by indoor air pollutants (IAPs) in 27 new apartments (prior to residence) in Seoul City from December 2004 to March 2005. The indoor air pollutants investigated in this study include formaldehyde, several aromatic VOCs (benzene, toluene, styrene, xylene, and ethylbenzene). All measurements were made based on the standard method of Ministry of Environment in Korea. The indoor concentration levels for benzene, xylene, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, and formaldehyde have significant increase trend 5 hours after closing windows and doors. Levels of air pollutants did not exhibit significant difference between living rooms and bedrooms. The air exchange rates by the concentration decay method using SF6 were 0.37 for low floor, 0.32 for middle floor, and 0.75 for high floor. The emission rate showed the highest level in the middle floor and second one in the low floor, when estimated by the IAQ model for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene, and formaldehyde. Considering the above result, it is suggested that the estimation of emission rate be considered when the new apartment is designed and constructed with respect to construction materials to emit low VOCs. Moreover, the related regulation should be established for IAQ management.

The purpose of this study is to examine the health of beauty salon workers through the utilization of questionnaires concerning the extent of exposure to organic solvents found in the air of some beauty salons and any resultant symptoms in employees. The subjects were 36 employees from 10 beauty salons who agreed to participate in this study. The degree of exposure to organic solvents in the air of beauty salons was measured from September 1, 2008 to September 30, 2008. A survey of symptoms that occurred due to exposure to these solvents was also performed. The results were as follows: questionnaires were collected and analyzed from a total of 36 subjects. Of these, 28(77.8%) were female and 8(22.2%) were male. The mean age was 29.08. The mean working period was 7.13 years. Sixteen subjects attended programs at universities while 11 went to beauty schools for vocational education. When testing the concentration of organic solvents in the air of beauty salons, the highest value found was Isopropyl alcohol 511.85 ppb followed by butyl acetate, toluene, acetone, xylene, ethyl benzene, styrene, and chlorobenzene. A logistic regression analysis was performed as follows: the point of each factor was the dependent variable while sex, age, drinking, smoking, educational level, work experience, hairdresser’s license, and organic solvents were the independent variables. Statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was shown in the hairdresser’s license among Factor 1 and in Xylene among Factor 2; however, difference was not shown in the other variables.

Indoor air quality is the dominant contributor to total personal exposure because most people spend a majority of their time indoors. Especially when indoor environments have sources of contaminants, exposure to indoor air can potentially pose a greater threat than exposure to ambient air. In this study, estimations of volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde emission rate in indoor environments of new apartments were carried out using mass balance model in indoor environment, because indoor air quality can be affected by source generation, outdoor air level, ventilation, decay by reaction, temperature, humidity, mixing condition and so on. Considering the estimated emission rate of volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde, it is suggested that new apartment should be designed and constructed in the aspect of using construction materials to emit low hazardous air pollutants.