발효식품 담금 용기로 사용되고 있는 유리, polypropylene(PP), polyethylene terephthalate(PET), 스테인레스 용기, 옹기에 고추장을 담아 에서 4개월 동안 발효하는 동안 물리적, 화학적, 미생물적인 품질변화를 측정하여 담금 용기의 효과를 비교 평가하였다. 높은 기공성을 가진 옹기는 다른 용기에 비해 전체 발효기간에서 높은 호기성 세균수, 젖산균수, 효모수를 보여서 가장 왕성한 발효진행을 보였으며, 이와함께 높

본 연구의 목적은 아마추어 골퍼들이 느끼고 있는 심리적인 불안과 자신감의 상태를 정확하게 측정하고 평가할 수 있는 상대적 규준을 개발하는데 있다. 본 연구 대상자는 서울, 수원, 천안, 청주, 대전 지역에서 아마추어 골퍼로 운동하는 475명을 대상(남자 334명, 여자 141명; 20-30세 237명, 40-50세 238명; 90타 이하 154명, 90-100타 174명, 100타 이상 147명)으로 조사하였다. 불안 측정은 Martens 등(1990)이 개발한 CSAI-2를 이용하였으며, 자신감 측정은 Vealey 등(1998)이 개발한 SSCQ를 이용하였다. 아마추어 골퍼들의 심리적인 불안에 대한 연구결과 성별(남,여)에서는 남자들이 여자들보다 불안수준(인지불안과 신체불안)이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 상태 자신감은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연령수준에는 40-50대 골퍼들의 인지불안과 신체불안 수준이 20-30대보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 상태 자신감은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 운동기능 수준에 따라서는 상급수준 골퍼의 인지불안과 신체불안의 수준이 중급수준과 하급수준 골퍼의 불안수준보다 낮게 나타났으며, 상태 자신감은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 중급수준 골퍼의 불안수준이 하급수준 골퍼보다 높게 나타나 심리적으로 더욱더 긴장감과 초조함을 느끼면서 운동수행을 하고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 아마추어 골퍼들의 심리적인 자신감 요인에 대한 연구결과 성별에서 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나 각 세부요인별 수준에서는 코치의 지도력과 대리경험 요인이 남녀 모두에서 다른 요인들보다 매우 낮게 나타났다. 연령수준에는 20-30대 골퍼들의 자신감 수준이 40-50대보다 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 운동기능 수준에서는 상급수준, 중급수준, 하급수준 순으로 자신감이 높게 나타났다.

We studied a extraction and degradation of alginate from seaweed-stems using microorganism DS-02. DS-02 has a maximum growth rate at 30℃ and the enzyme has a maximum activity of alginate extraction at 35℃. The yield of alginate extraction using DS-02 is about 16.0% for 3.0 hour and molecular weight of the alginate decreased to about 1/8 of initial value after 24 hour extraction. Alginate extraction method by DS-02, compared with general alkali-extraction method, has an advantage of decreasing the molecular weight of alginate during extraction.

We studied a storage of waste-brown seaweed at room temperature and degradation of alginate in seaweed by microorganism DS-02. The seaweeds, mixed with 5.0 wt% DS-02 and sealed in vinyl package without any other treatment, could be stored longer than 1 year without spoilage at room temperature. During the storage process, the alginate of seaweed was decomposed by enzyme of DS-02 and the molecular weight of alginate decreased to about 1/10 of initial quantity. DS-02 growed as fast as it had maximum weight after 24 hour culture and it's enzyme had a maximum activity of alginate degradation at 40℃. The seaweed sample became particles in DS-02 culture solution and the M.W of alginate decreased to about 1/10 of initial value after 24 hour decomposition. The effect of alginate degradation with DS-02 was similar to that of degradation with 3.0 M HCl solution for 24 hour.

후리지 아 13품종의 정 단 분열조직 을 MS 기본배지에 2,4-D, NAA (0.1, 0.5, 1.0mg/L), BA (0.5∼2.0mg/L)를 첨가한 배지에 배양하여 미세증식의 가능성을 조사하였다. 정단분열조직으로부터 캘러스 및 신초분화는 2,4-D와 BA를 조합한 배지 보다 NAA와 BA를 조합한 배지가 양호하였으며 MS 기본배지 에 0.5mg/L NAA와 1.0mg/L BA를 첨가한 배지에서 가장 양호하였다. 공시한 13 품종 중 Golden yellow 품종이 캘러스 형성율 및 신초분화율이 양호하였고 캘러스로부터 multiple shoot 형성에는 BA 0.5mg/L를 첨가하였을 때 절편체 당 25.1개로 가장 많은 수의 신초가 분화되어 미세증식의 효과가 있었다. 유도된 신초는 1/2 MS 기본배지 에서 정상적으로 뿌리가 분화되었으며 완전한 식물체로 발달하였다.

Effective alginate extraction from waste-brown seaweeds was studied. The waste-brown seaweeds almost consist of stems of seaweeds. Alginate could be obtained from the stems as well as leaves of seaweed. Ultrasonic vibration(47kHz) facilitated filtering step in the alginate extraction process. Among various alkalies for alginate extraction, NaHCO3 was most appropriate concerning use of dealginates. The yield of alginate extraction using NaHCO3 2wt% solution was 19.3% at 60℃. The dealginates from NaHCO3-extraction process have been found most suitable food for red-worms.

The purpose of this study is in identifying the attraction degree of Seonunsan Provincial Park by quantitative analysis. For this, landscape slide test was performed by questionaries. And multiple regression analysis and Factor analysis were performed for identifying the attraction degree of users. The attraction degree of natural resources was evaluated by questionaries about the landscape scene of 120 slides which was pictured at the chief visual corridor. So it is considered that tourism route for attracting people into natural characteristic resources should be developed. It is identified once again that factors of 「Naturalness」,「Uniqueness」and 「Mysteriousness」are important in natural landscape. And 16 explanation variables which explain the attraction degree of viewing landscape were classified as 4 factors. Those were defined as 「Ability (FⅠ)」, 「Season harmony (FⅡ)」, 「Simplicity (FⅢ)」 and 「Legibility(FⅣ)」. It is identified that the variables of FⅠ, mysteriousness, is a representative image which expresses the characteristics of Seonunsan Provincial Park.

The biosorption abilities of different parts of waste brown seaweeds and their derivatives to remove heavy metals(Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn) from waste water were evaluated. The two parts of waste brown seaweeds (Undaria pinnatifida) were stems and sporophyls, and the brown seaweed derivatives were alginic fibers, active carbon added alginate(AC-alginate) and dealginate. The abilities of the sporophyls to adsorb the heavy metal ions were higher than those of stems, and those of alginates were slightly higher than those of dealginate in single ion solution. With decreasing the size of biosorbents, the velocity and the amount of adsorption increased. The abilities of alginate to remove the heavy metal ions increased in multi-ion solutions by adding active carbon to alginate. The selectivity of these biosorbents(alginate, AC-alginate) to lead ion was highest and to manganese ion was lowest.

In order to provide informations for designing packaging and storage condition of dry jujube (Zizyphus jujuba MILLER), moisture sorption isotherm was determined for temperatures of 20, 30 and 4, and quality changes were evaluated as function of temperature and water activity. Dry jujube at a given water activity showed higher equilibrium moisture content for lower temperature. Moisture isothem could be fitted by GAB model equation, giving higher C value, lower m0 and relatively constant k value with increase in temperature. Ascorbic acid was lost more highly at higher temperature and water activity, and showed negligible retention for whole range of water activity and temperature studied after 141 days. Browning increased with water activity up to 0.73 at 30 and 4. Dry jujube of high water activity had high L value in surface color, which represent brightness of surface color. Considering quality retention in the storage, dry jujube is desired to be dried to water activity of 0.42 and be stored at temperature below 3