To study the effect of crop rotation on the control of ginseng root rot, growth characteristics and root rot ratioof 2-year-old ginseng was investigated after the crops of 18 species were cultured for one year in soil contaminated by thepathogen of root rot. Fusarium solani and Cylindrocarpon destructans were detected by 53.2% and 37.7%, respectively, frominfected root of 4-year-old ginseng cultivated in soil occurring the injury by continuous cropping. Content of NO3, Na, andP2O5 were distinctly changed, while content of pH, Ca, and Mg were slightly changed when whole plant of crops cultured forone year were buried in the ground. All of EC, NO3, P2O5, and K were distinctly increased in soil cultured sudangrass, pea-nut, soybean, sunnhemp, and pepper. All of EC, NO3, P2O5, and K among inorganic component showed negative effect onthe growth of ginseng when they were excessively applied on soil. The growth of ginseng was promoted in soil cultivatedperilla, sweet potato, sudangrass, and welsh onion, while suppressed in Hwanggi (Astragalus mongholicus), Deodeok(Codonopsis lanceolata) Doraji (Platycodon grandiflorum), Gamcho (Glycyrrhiza uralensis), Soybean. All of chicory, lettuce,radish, sunnhemp, and welsh onion had effective on the inhibition of ginseng root rot, while legume such as soybean,Hwanggi, Gamcho, peanut promoted the incidence of root rot. Though there were no significant correlation, NO3 showedpositive correlation, and Na showed negative correlation with the incidence of root rot.

Physiological disorders such as symptoms in leaf colored with brown spots are so many occurred in ginseng garden cultivated with paddy soil. This study was carried out to inhibit the symptoms of brown-colored leaf in 3-year-old ginseng by fertilizing calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] of 100 ~ 400 ㎏ per 10a on paddy soil before transplant of seedling. Soil pH was rapidly increased, while Fe was decreased in soil by the increase of application level of calcium hydroxide. Soil pH was increased from 4.53 to 6.18 when calcium hydroxide was fertilized at level of 100kg per 10a. The content of Fe in ginseng leaf was decreased more than the control by fertilizing calcium hydroxide in soil. Ratio of brown-colored leaf and plant height and leaf area were decreased by the increase of calcium hydroxide. Ratio of survived root and yield of root showed the peak at the application level of 100 ㎏ per 10a, and both of them were gradually decreased by the increase of calcium hydroxide. The decrease of missing plant rate above the application level of 200 ㎏ per 10a had a negative effect on the decrease of yield of root.

This study aims to identify feasible policy direction of the 6th industrialization in agriculture based on the current agricultural and rural environment in Korea. To do so, this study employes a heckman selection model to correct a probable selection bias, utilizing the Korean agricultural census in 2010 and the agricultural statistics of farm enterprises in 2011. This study focuses on the differences of the farm and off-farm income determinants, according to conjoint types of the 6th industrialization such as Type 1 (primary+secondary+tertiary) vs. Type 2 (primary+secondary or primary+tertiary). The empirical results show Type 2 has much higher possibilities to earn farm and off-farm income in Korea, especially for farm enterprises. This study concludes with providing some policy implications reflecting rural and agricultural environment in Korea.

매립가스는 유기물의 소화로 발생되는 복합성 가스이며 주성분인 메탄(CH4), 이산화탄소(CO2) 이외에 황화수소(H2S), 암모니아(NH3), 할로겐 탄화수소, 휘발성유기규소화합물(VMSs)을 포함한다. 매립가스의 구성물질 중 황화수소는 주요 악취물질로 반응성이강하며 휘발성유기규소화합물은 매립가스 내 불순물로 장치 부식의 원인이 될 수 있다. 따라서 매립가스의 효율적인 자원화를 위해서는 매립가스 내 황화수소 및 휘발성유기규소화합물의 전처리가 필요하다. 본 연구는 황화수소와 휘발성유기규소화합물의 전처리공정으로서 흡착공정을 개발하고, 우선 황산철용액으로 개질된 활성탄을 제조하고 개질 활성탄의 흡착특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 실험에 사용된 흡착제는 식물계 활성탄에 황산철(FeSO4･7H2O)용액으로 첨착하였다. 흡착 방법으로는 흡착제가 채워진 유리재질의 흡착관에(∅10×150 mm) 황화수소 및 휘발성유기규소화합물 중 D4를 질소(99.999%)와 함께 0.3 L/min으로 유입시켜 유출농도가 유입농도의 5%로 배출 될 때를 파과점으로 하여 측정하였다. 황화수소는 초기농도 1%에서 질소와 혼합하여 3,333 ppm으로 유입되었으며, 휘발성유기규소화합물인 D4는 650 ppm으로 유입되었다. 황화수소는 10 ppm까지 황화수소 센서를 이용하여 측정하였고 이후 GC-PFPD로 분석하였으며 휘발성유기규소화합물인 D4는 GC-FID를 이용하여 분석하였다. 개질된 활성탄의 비표면적은 1205.4 m²g-1로 비개질 활성탄의 비표면적인 1111.3 m²g-1 보다 큰 값을 보여주었다. 또한, 주사형 전자현미경 분석을 통해 입경크기 및 표면기공을 확인한 결과 개질된 활성탄의 표면기공이 1 μm 이하부터 8 μm 까지 다양하게 분포되어 있었다. 개질된 활성탄의 황화수소 및 휘발성유기규소화합물의 흡착능은 각각 0.256 g/g, 0.413 g/g으로 비개질 활성탄의 흡착능인 0.023 g/g에 비해 매우 높은 흡착능을 보여주었다. 개질된 활성탄의 첨착된 철에 의한 화학흡착과 제조과정에서 형성된 활성탄 표면의 관능기가 황화수소 및 휘발성유기규소화합물의 흡착에 영향을 주는 것을 판단된다.

To control the disease of root rot in ginseng nursery, inorganic sulfur solution of 0.1%, 1.0%, and 2.0% were irrigated by amount of 10ℓ per 3.3m2 before sowing. On the last ten days of July, Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum were similarly detected by 44.8% and 43.8%, respectively, while Cylindrocarpon destructans was low detected by 4.4% in the diseased seedling. The more sulfur's concentration was increased, the more soil pH was decreased. Soil pH was decreased from 5.87 to 4.59 by the irrigation of sulfur solution of 1.0%. The more sulfur's concentration was increased, the more electrical conductivity (EC) of soil was increased. EC was increased from 0.27 dS/m to 1.28 dS/m by the irrigation of sulfur solution of 1.0%. Irrigation of sulfur solution was effective on the inhibition of damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani in ginseng seedling. Control value for damping-off by the irrigation of sulfur solution of 1.0% and 2.0% were 75.7%, and 78.5%, respectively. Growth of leaf was inhibited by the irrigation of sulfur solution of 2.0%. Root weight per 3.3m2 showed the peak in sulfur solution of 1.0%, while survived-root ratio and root weight per plant were decreased in the level of 2.0%. Survived-root ratio of seedling in sulfur solution of 1.0% was distinctly increased by 4.7 times compare to the control, but control value for root rot was relatively low as 49.2%. Mycelium growth of C. destructans, F. solani, and R. solani were distinctly inhibited by the increase of sulfur's concentration in vitro culture using PDA medium.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the effect of the Strong Small Farm Development Project by Rural Development Administration is positively associated with participating farmers. The data that used in this study is a survey data that targets 442 farming households who have participated in the strong small farm development project. This study applies ordered-probit model to evaluate level of the participants' satisfaction of the project. This study found that participants' level of satisfaction is closely associated by satisfaction level of project contents that contains education and consulting, friendly attitude toward the project, active participation of the project, and understanding of the project's contents and their importances. Based on research findings, this research provides some implications of future upbringing policy for strong small farms and the principal point of the policy that leads to succeed in implementing the project when formulating agricultural policy in participants view. the strong small farms.