We introduce a new clustering algorithm, MulGuisin (MGS), that can identify distinct galaxy over-densities using topological information from the galaxy distribution. This algorithm was first introduced in an LHC experiment as a Jet Finder software, which looks for particles that clump together in close proximity. The algorithm preferentially considers particles with high energies and merges them only when they are closer than a certain distance to create a jet. MGS shares some similarities with the minimum spanning tree (MST) since it provides both clustering and network-based topology information. Also, similar to the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), MGS uses the ranking or the local density of each particle to construct clustering. In this paper, we compare the performances of clustering algorithms using controlled data and some realistic simulation data as well as the SDSS observation data, and we demonstrate that our new algorithm finds networks most correctly and defines galaxy networks in a way that most closely resembles human vision.

The genus Helictes is a small group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 11 species from worldwide, most species from the Palaearctic region, four species from the Nearctic, and two species from the Neotropical region. This subfamily is wide morphological variation between genera but most are readily recognizable as orthocentrines. They are generally small sized, clypeus strongly convex and malar space long. Among them, this genus is reported for the first time from South Korea. In this study, description, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

The genus Megastylus is a moderate group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 38 species in two subgenera from worldwide. The subfamily Orthocentrinae is a high proportion of the genera are cosmopolitan in distribution. Orthocentrines are known as almost solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids. We report this genus for the first time from South Korea. In this study, descriptions of some new species, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

The dyeing process is a very important unit operation in the leather and textile industries; it produces significant amounts of waste effluent containing dyes and poses a substantial threat to the environment. Therefore, degradation of the industrial dye-waste liquid is necessary before its release into the environment. The current is focusing on the reduction of pollutant loads in industrial wastewater through remediating azo and thiazine dyes (synthetic solutions of textile dye consortium). The current research work is focused on the degradation of dye consortium through photo-electro-Fenton (PEF) processes via using dimensionally stable anode (Ti) and graphite cathode. The ideal conditions, which included a pH of 3, 0.1 (g/L) of textile dye consortium, 0.03 (g/L) of iron, 0.2 (g/L) of H2O2, and a 0.3 mAcm-2 of current density, were achieved to the removal of dye consortium over 40 min. The highest dye removal rate was discovered to be 96%. The transition of azo linkages into N2 or NH3 was confirmed by Fourier transforms infra-red spectroscopic analysis. PEF process reduced the 92% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of textile dye consortium solution, and it meets the kinetics study of the pseudo-first-order. The degradation of dye through the PEF process was evaluated by using the cyclic voltammetric method. The toxicity tests showed that with the treated dye solution, seedlings grew well.