This study aims to determine the difference in preferred horticultural plants, horticultural activities, and stress-coping strategies based on Enneagram centers of intelligence in middle-aged women. Data from a convenience sample of 206 middle-aged women were analyzed using IBM SPSS (V. 25.0). The results indicated a statistically significant difference in preferred horticulture plants depending on the Enneagram centers of intelligence. The results also suggested that head- and heart-centered respondents preferred body-centered respondents preferred “foliage plants.” The second most preferred horticultural activities showed no statistically significant difference among the head, heart, and body. However, all three centers showed the strongest preference for “enjoying” among various horticultural activities, and the second most preferred activities differed as “harvesting” among head- and body-centered respondents, and “decorating” among heart-centered respondents. Moreover, a difference in stress-coping strategies was also observed. The head-centered respondents used the “problem-focused” strategy, heart-centered respondents used “hopeful thinking,” and the body-centered respondents used “pursuit of social support.” Thus, these results can be used as baseline data for developing therapeutic horticultural activities while considering the attributes of middle-aged women.

1. 키르키즈스탄에서 한국형 토마토 재배 온실 내 최저온도는 12월 상순에 12℃ 내외였고 딸기 재배온실은 10℃ 내외로 상당히 양호하였다. 2. 10월 1일부터 12월 2일까지의 최고 광량은 토마토 온실에서 400W/m2, 딸기 온실에서 300W/m2 미만인 날이 대부분으로 광은 부족하였다. 3. 환기관리가 정상적으로 이루어지지 않아 잎 결로시간이 토마토는 10시간, 딸기는 12시간 이상 되는 날이 많아 곰팡이 병에 매우 취약한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 한국형 온실에서 문제점은 온도보다는 광량이 적은 것이 토마토, 딸기의 생산성을 감소시키는 요인으로 판단되었다. 5. 온실 시공 시 보온다겹커튼보다는 광 환경에 유리한 알루미늄보온스크린, 투광보온스크린 등이 설치되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 6. 재배기술에 있어서는 수경재배에서 일사제어와 배액구 적정 위치를 충분히 이해하지 못하고 있었으며 타이머로 관수하였다. 7. 키르키즈스탄에서 저온기 과채류의 생산을 증대하기 위해서는 온실 시공 시 광량을 증가시키는데 중점을 두어야 하며, 결로를 예방할 수 있는 보일러, 환기 제어시설 등과 함께 온실을 운영하는 기본적인 관리기술도 함께 보급되어야 할 것이다.

This study has investigated the effect of isometric contractile force and muscle activity applying sperficial heat according to the time from the biceps brachii muscle. In this study, 20 university students participants without musculoskeletal and neurological disorders. By applying a hot pack 5min, 10min, 20min and 30min respectively. After that measurement are skin temperature, contractile force and muscle activity. Skin temperature of the hot 5 min applied that rapidly changing. Increasing the time it takes to apply a variance has been reduced(p<.001). Isometric contractile force was not statistically significant but highest when applying the hot pack 5 minutes and lowest when applying the hot pack 30 minutes(p<.001). Muscle activity and median frequency was highest when applying the hot pack 5 minutes. To analyze the above results, it was found that isometric contractile force and muscle activity changed according to the applying time. These result lead us to the conclusion that this study will be more evidence for changes in muscle contraction to apply hot pack on clinic.

The present study reports the protective properties of a total methanol extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica against ultraviolet (UV)-C irradiation. Pretreatment of Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79-4) cells with a total methanol extract significantly increased cell survival following 300J/m² of UV-C irradiation. The total methanol extract was further fractionated into 5 fractions: n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and water fractions. Among these fractions, B. platyphylla var. japonica ethylacetate, butanol and water fractions showed significant protective effects against the cellular damage induced by UV-C irradiation. In order to elucidate the mechanism underlying this protective effect, DPPH (Editor note: abbreviations should be spelled out at first use.) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity were measured. Significant radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities were observed for the ethylacetate fraction. In summary, the present data demonstrate that an extract of B. platyphylla var. japonica has a significant protective effect against UV-C irradiation. The underlying mechanism of this protective effect may involve radical scavenging and inhibition of lipid peroxidation by the B. platyphylla var. japonica extract.

이연구에서재식밀도, 적심, 그리고예취가생육과수 량에 영향을 미쳤다. 재식거리 90cm × 30cm에서 최고 의생장과 수량을얻었는데, 이재식거리에서는최고초 장이 140cm, 식물체당 1차, 2차 및 3차 분지수가 각각 32개, 164개및 367개로자랐다. 이처리에서건조한꽃 의무게는 10a당 98kg에달해재식거리 120cm × 30cm 에비해 40% 증수되었다. 경경, 지상부 건물중및건조 한 꽃 무게는 적심 하였을 때 무적심에 비해 증가되었 다. 7월 10일 적심시 건조한꽃 무게가 10a당 102kg으 로무적심에 비해 57% 증가되었다. 생육과 수량특성은 무예취와 6월 10일예취처리간에비슷하였지만 7월 10 일예취에서는초장, 경경및분지수가무처리에비해유 의하게감소되었다. 누적 지상부 건물중은모든처리에 서차이가없었지만 6월 10일예취시건조한꽃무게와 꽃수가 10a당각각 123kg과 2,592개로가장많았다.

This study started with the issue that the criteria for the general image scale used in outdoor color planning are vague and the vocabulary and expressive area of the scale are not accurate. As an exterior color planning guideline, it is required to suggest a sensible image scale, which is an appropriate assessment tool for outdoor environment. We identified psychological attributes of colors and set the color image scale axis as “Soft–Hard” in a vertical and “Warm–Cool” in a horizontal. 26 sensibility languages were finally selected for the image scale through literature review, pre-analysis, and expert evaluation. All types of colors extracted from analyzing over 600 photo images were categorized according to 26 sensibility languages. 3 colors by each sensibility language were finally selected and arranged in the color image scale in accord with the outdoor environment of the apartment houses. The significance of this study is that wide range of color position in the color image scale could be utilized as an effective guideline for actual color planning by upgrading the existing color image scale to a higher level with the color reflecting sensibility language. The result also implies that the development of diversified color palette is required especially for the exterior color planning of apartment houses, and the systematical color design process should be established in order to improve the quality of color environment.