Conwentzia와 C. pineticola를 한국 미기록속 및 미기록종으로 보고한다. 본 종의 성충에 대한 간략한 기재와 성충 사진 및 생식기 사진과 함께, 16S rRNA 와 COI 염기서열을 제공한다.

가루깍지벌레류인 Pseudococcus viburni Signoret (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)는 포도원과 다른 과실 과원에도 피해를 주는 국제적 해충 이다. 이 종은 한국에서 오랫동안 격리되어 왔으며 야외에서의 발생기록은 전혀 없다. 본 연구에서는 한국에서의 P. viburni 부재를 확인하기 위해 전국적으로 감 과수원 533사이트, 사과 및 기타 과수원 144사이트, 묘목원 및 온실 281사이트를 지난 3년간(2015-2017) 조사하였다. 그 결과 P. viburni는 한국의 야외에서나 묘목원 등에서 발생되지 않는 것으로 확인되어 이를 보고한다.

We investigated if Pseudococcus viburni and P. longispinus, the two notorious pest species of mealybugs are foundin Korea. Our survey involved a total of 602 sites all over the country for the last three years. Pseudococcus viburniwas only once referred in Gimpel’s 1983 dissertation on P. affinis group: only one record was noted from Korea amongmany specimens from various countries. However, the species has never been reported from Korea for the last severaldecades and none was found in our thorough survey. We believe there was a misidentification, as noted by the authorregarding the species complex, and conclude that P. viburni does not occur in Korea. On the other hand, P. longispinushas been found in 36 sites, all from imported tropical houseplants in a green house or nurseries. In addition, anothersimilar species has been found from 86 sites. This unknown species was surprisingly best matched with P. orchidicola.Both species could not survive Korea’s harsh winter and they could only survive in a temperature-controlled place suchas nurseries and restaurants.

Berothidae is one of the uncommon group of Neuroptera. The family currently include about 22 genera and 100 species in the world. The genus Isoscelipteron include about 20 species in the world, with the distribution covering Eurasia. Several species of this family are known to be a termite predator during larval stage. We collected Isoscelipteron pectinatum adult, which is a new species record in Korea, which is in fact a new family record as well. Here we provide a brief description, photos of adult and male genitalia, and DNA barcode sequence based the specimen examined.

Even with the tiny body size, Coniopterygidae is the fourth largest group of Neuroptera. There are currently 23 genera and 560 species recorded in the world. They have a tiny-sized body, and their wings are covered with whitish wax powder and they are fairly well-known natural predators of small insects such as scale insects, aphids, and mites. Genus Cowentzia is one of the characteristic groups of Coniopteryginae; they have conspicuously reduced hind wings than other groups have. The genus contain about 14 species in the world. Here we present Conwentzia, a new genus record, with Conwentzia pineticola in Korea. We provide a brief description, photos of adult and male genitalia, and 16S rRNA sequence based the specimen examined.

Chrysopidae is a cosmopolitan group of Neuroptera, with 85 genera and 1,200 species recorded in the world. Genus Nineta is a small group of the family, with almost 20 species recorded worldwide. They can be recognized by large sized body than that of other genera. In Korea, only one species, Nineta vittata (Wesmael, 1841) has been recorded so far. Here we present Nineta itoi, another new record, in Korea. Here we provide a brief description, photos of adult and male genitalia, COI barcode sequence, and a key based on diagnostic characters.

Pseudococcus longispinus, a notorious cosmopolitan pest species of mealybugs, known to be distributed indoors in Korea since 2002, is found to be mixed with another species, Pseudococcus orchidicola. Finding P. orchidicola as a pest of tropical plants in Korea is rather unexpected because of their main distribution in Pacific area and South Asia. However, all the available information from morphology, molecule and advices on identification from mealybug specialists indicated this is best matching P. orchidicola. Morphological, molecular and some biological notes on P. orchidicola are provided with some adult and nymphal images, and compared with P. longispinus. A full discussion mainly on identity and distribution of P. orchidicola is given.

Coniopterygidae is the fourth largest group of Neuroptera. There are currently 23 genera and 560 species recorded in the world. They have a tiny-sized body, and their wings are covered with whitish wax powder. In Korea, only one species, Semidalis aleyrodiformis has been recorded in Coniopteryginae. Recently we collected two additional species, each belonging to Spiloconis and Coniocompsa in Aleuropteryginae. In this poster, Spiloconis sexguttata and Coniocompsa postmaculata are newly recorded in Korea. Morphologically Spiloconis sexguttata has reddish colored body with some flagella segments black while Coniocompsa postmaculata has blackish pattern on forewing. We provide brief descriptions, photos of adults and male genitalia and DNA barcode sequences based the specimens examined.

그동안 국내 Drepanepteryginae 아과(낙엽날개뱀잠자리붙이아과; 신칭)에는 오직 Neuronema albostigma만이 기록되어 있었으나, 이번 연구를 통해 국내 미기록속인 Drepanepteryx와 이 속에 포함되는 미기록종 Drepanepteryx phalaenoides (낙엽날개뱀잠자리붙이; 신칭)를 새롭게 보고 한다. 이 종에 대한 간략한 기재와 속내 분류키, COI 바코드 염기서열, 그리고 성충 및 수컷 생식기의 사진을 제공한다.

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are major pests of a wide range of crops and ornamental plants worldwide, and represented by 56 species in Korea. Occurrence of, or damage by, the longtailed mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus Targioni-Tozzetti has not been reported since 2002. However, for the first time in many years, P. longispinus was reported at Phalaenopsis orchids by Kim et al in 2015. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the distribution of P. longispinus which is usually found inside a greenhouse or a building where the host plants are. We have collected 129 mealybug samples at 254 sites from Korea. Among these, 27 of P. longispinus and 62 of an unidentified Pseudococcus species were found mainly in ornamental plants such as Heteropanax fragrans, commonly known as happy trees in Korea. Morphological characteristics of the unidentified mealybug were very similar to those of P. longispinus. However, the genetic variability in COI sequence comparison was significantly different between the two species. Further studies are needed to clarify the valid name for this unidentified species, and we are currently working on it.

Hemerobius contumax Tjeder, 1932 is a well known species of Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera) in Europe and Middle East countries, but has never been found in Asia. In Korea, a total of eight hemerobiid species have been recorded including the genus Hemerobius. So far only two species, Hemerobius humulinus and Hemerobius harmandinus are reported. Recently we collected another species of which the specific identity is in question: morphologically very similar to Hemerobius contumax but with c.a. 5% difference in COI barcode sequences. With 5% genetic difference, it may be easily considered as a different species from H. contumax. However, the adult image from the specimen sequenced for H. contumax found in the BOLD site is morphologically slightly off from the usual H. contumax, and there is still an investigation needed to confirm its specific identity. In any case, here we provide a brief description, photos of adult and male genitalia and DNA barcode sequence based the specimen examined.

그 동안 한국 풀잠자리과 Italochrysa속은 오직 1종만이 기록되었으나, 한국 미기록종인 몸노랑풀잠자리(Italochrysa nigrovenosa Kuwayama, 신칭)의 국내 분포를 추가로 보고한다. 이 종에 대한 간략한 기재와 속내 분류키, 그리고 암컷 성충과 생식기의 사진을 제공한다.

The Genus Drepanepteryx Leach, 1815 and Drepanepteryx phalaenoides (Linné), 1758 (Neuroptera:Hemerobiidae) are newly reported to Korea. Only one species, Neuronema albostigma have been reported in Korea as a species of Drepanepteryginae. In this study we report another species, Drepanepteryx phalaenoides and provide photos of adult and male genitalia based the specimen examined.

The family Sisyridae is very unique in that their larvae are aquatic and feed on sponges. The family has not been described in Korea until one species, Sisyra nikkoana (Navas), of Sisyridae was reported in the Illustrated Book of Aquatic Invertebrates in Agricultural Ecosystem (Rural Development Administration, 2008). However, this short description includes a misidentified adult image, and here we provide its full description in morphology with its wing pattern and male genitalia, as well as its COI barcoding information. We suggest its Korean name, 해면풀잠자리(해면풀잠자리과) as they feed on sponges.

Study of the Korean Chrysopidae has been scarce and only 11 species in 6 genera have been recorded so far(Checklist of Korean Insect, 2010). Genus Italochrysa has been a monotypic genus in Korea with I. japonica. Here we report Italochrysa nigrovenosa as another species of Italochrysa found in Korea. Images of adult and it’s genitalia information are provided.

We have surveyed monthly diversity and seasonal prevalence of Macrolepidoptera in Wol-ak-san [Mt.] for the period of four months from May to August in 2010. Although it is not a part of KLTER/ME and KLPS study in Wol-ak-san conducted in recent few years, this year's data may be comparable with the previous ones as the collection sites and dates are very similar. The three representative vegetations are Quercus mongolica-, Quercus variabilis- and Pinus densiflora-formations, abbreviated as QM, QV and PD, respectively, and we collected exclusively larger moths with bucket-type of light traps for quantified survey. In 2010, as a result, QV showed higher species diversity and specimen number than QM or PD although the differences between QV and QM are very subtle. The result is very similar to the result in 2009. The only difference in 2010 over 2009 is that the number of species, not specimens, has been increased 1.5 times, and this may be caused by the inclusion of July records, which has been usually deleted due to heavy rainy season causing poor collection records. The number of species in Noctuidae was the highest in 2010, about twice more than that in 2009, but the dominant species in 2010 were either Pyralidae (Nacoleia commixta or Bradina geminalis) or Geometridae (Arichanna melanaria). We are still experiencing decline of specimen numbers: 567 specimens collected in 2010 while 651 in 2009 and 874 in 2008, which was already a huge reduction compared to over 2500 specimens in 2007.

Micromus variegatus (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae) is reported here as new to South Korea. In addition, three other hemerobiid species recorded only the collection data, Hemerobius harmandinus, Sympherobius tessellatus and S. domesticus are also reported with a brief description, images of the adult and wings, and its Korean common name. With four previously reported species in Korea, there are eight species of the family Hemerobiidae from Korea.

With the help of KLTER/ME and KLPS in Woraksan, we have surveyed monthly diversity and seasonal prevalence of Macrolepidoptera in Wol-ak-san [Mt.] for the period of five months from May to September since 2005. Since 2007, to reduce variation, we chose two monitoring points, instead of one, for each of the three representative vegetations: Quercus mongolica-, Quercus variabilis- and Pinus densiflora-formations, abbreviated as QM, QV and PD, respectively, and collected exclusively larger moths with bucket-type of light traps for quantified survey. In 2009, as a result, QV showed higher species diversity and specimen number than QM or PD although the differences between QV and QM are subtle. The number of individuals collected may not be a good indicator, e.g., Idaea biselata collected in QM in June was over 200 in 2007, which is more than twice the number of specimens in all other sites per month, while the number in 2008 was dropped to only 10 specimens. In 2009, they became a dominant species again, showing biennial dominancy trend. It also seems that we are experiencing major decline of specimen numbers: 651 specimens collected in 2009 while 874 specimens collected in 2008, which was already a big reduction compared to over 2500 specimens in 2007

Western grape rootworm, Bromius obscurus is a well-known pest of grape vines in Europe although it was originated from America. Although this species was originally described in America, its distribution became pandemic and are known to occur in Korea (포도꼽추잎벌레) as well. We recently compared their morphologies and COI sequences and found that the Korean species is not B. obscurus, but a similar species either within the same genus, or possibly in a different genus of Eumolpinae of Chrysomelidae as their sequence similarity is less than 90%. Preliminary comparison between the two species is given with outer morphology and COI barcode sequences.

Lepidoptera includes over 160,000 species of butterflies and moths worldwide. They have enormous ecological and economic impact as pests, pollinators, and food sources for other organisms. We are using Assembling the Tree of Life (AToL) NSF funding t 1. generate a backbone phylogeny of the entire order, 2. date major subclade divergence by re-evaluating fossils (fossil project), 3. create a rich taxonomic resource (taxon template) and 4. create a glossary of morphological terms and associated images to synergize tree-building using morphological characters - all within a worldwide online venue. Our project goal is to galvanize the broader lepidopterist community towards constructing a comprehensive and fully resolved tree. Here we present the fossil project, taxon template and morphology projects.