Kori unit 1, the first PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor) in Korea, was permanent shut down in 2017. In Korea, according to the Nuclear Safety Act, the FDP (Final Decommissioning Plan) must be submitted within 5 years of permanent shutdown. According to NSSC Notice, the types, volumes, and radioactivity of solid radioactive wastes should be included in FDP chapter 9, Radioactive Waste Management, Therefore, in this study, the types depending on generation characteristics and radiological characterization methods and process of solid radioactive waste were analyzed. Solid radioactive waste depending on the characteristics of the generation was classified into reactor vessel and reactor vessel internal, large components, small metals, spent nuclear fuel storage racks, insulation, wires, concrete debris, scattering concrete, asbestos, mixed waste, soil, spent resins and filters, and dry active waste. Radiological characterization of solid radioactive waste is performed to determine the characteristics of radioactive contamination, including the type and concentration of radionuclides. It is necessary to ensure the representativeness of the sample for the structures, systems and components to be evaluated and to apply appropriate evaluation methods and procedures according to the structure, material and type of contamination. Therefore, the radiological characterization is divided into concrete and structures, systems and components, and reactor vessel, reactor vessel internal and bioshield concrete. In this study, the types depending on generation characteristics and radiological characterization methods and process of solid radioactive waste were analyzed. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the preparation of the FDP for the Kori unit 1.

According to IAEA PRIS, there is no record of dismantling commercial heavy water reactors among 57 heavy water reactors around the world. In Canada, which has the largest number of heavy water reactors, three of the 22 commercial heavy water reactors with more than 500 MW are permanently suspended, Gentilly unit 2 (2012), Pickering unit 2 (2007), and Pickering unit 3 (2008), all of which chose a delayed decommissioning strategy. On the other hand, Wolsong unit 1, which will be the world’s first heavy water reactor to be dismantled commercially, will be immediately carried out as a decommissioning strategy. KHNP has established various cooperation systems with advanced companies and international organizations related to overseas NPP decommission and is actively exchanging technologies. Among them, the most important focus is on research cooperation related to COG (CANDU owners Group). The first case is a joint study on Conceptual Calandria Segmentation. Four areas of process, waste management, ALARA, and cost for decommissioning reactors to be submitted to Canadian regulators for approval of Pickering and Gentilly-2’s preliminary decommissioning plan have been evaluated, and research on Wolsong unit 1 is currently underway. The second case is Decommissioning and long-term waste management R&D. Although the technical maturity is low, it studies the common interests of member companies in the decommissioning of heavy water reactor power generation companies and long-term waste management. Robotics for dismantling high-radiation structures, C- 14, H-3 measurement and removal methods, and concrete decontamination technology, which are characterized by heavy water, are being actively studied. KHNP is strengthening international cooperation with COG to prepare for the successful decommissioning of Wolsong unit 1. Based on previous studies by Pickering and Gentilly-2, an evaluation of the decommissioning of Wolsong unit 1 reactor is being conducted. In addition, it is preparing for decommissioning through experience analysis of the pressure tube replacement project.

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of elasticity of taping on ankle muscles’activity and endurance after plyometric training that easily causes ankle injury, and provide baseline data for physical therapy intervention methods. The study subjects are 24 male students in their 20s who attend N University in Choongnam. They were divided into three groups; 8 subjects in the elastic taping group, 8 in the non-elastic taping group, and 8 in the non-taping group(control group). They had plyometric training for 6 weeks. After the training, this study measured their maximum voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC) and muscle endurance of the muscles around ankle joint. The experiment result is as follows. After the training, all three groups showed improvement in muscle strength and endurance. The elastic taping group showed insignificant improvement in muscle strength but significant increase in muscle endurance in plantarflexion. In dorsiflexion, both muscle strength and endurance increased significantly. The non-elastic taping group showed insignificant improvement in muscle strength but significant increase in muscle endurance in plantarflexion. Taping during plyometric training had a little or insignificant effect on muscle endurance and strength compared to the non-taping group.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of handicraft activities on hand promptness and grasp in the elderly. Subjects were comprised of 14 senior citizens between the ages of 70-85, with 7 subjects in the experiment group and 7 in the control group. Subjects in the experiment group practiced various handicrafts twice a day, while those in the control group did not participate in any special activity. The Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test was used to evaluate the results, while a dynamometer and pinch gauge were used to measure hand promptness and grasp. The 7 senior citizens in the experiment group were able to increase their hand promptness and grasping skills. Conclusively, handicrafts can help improve hand promptness and grasp in the elderly. Furthermore, the development and improvement of such skills can have a positive influence on the daily lives of senior citizens. Such skills are expected to improve the overall neuro-function in the elderly population.

Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation causes follicle depletion. To overcome this problem, we investigate the effect of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a follicle recruitment control hormone, supplementation before and/or after mouse ovarian transplantation. A total of 120 5-week-aged BD F-1 female mice were used. The mice were randomly divided into four groups according to AMH doses (0, 5, 25, 125 μg/mL, respectively). AMH was injected intraperitoneally on every other day for a week before, after, or before and after transplantation of ovaries under kidney capsules was performed. One week after transplantation, follicular normality was evaluated by histological analysis and TUNEL assay. In Group A and C, morphologically intact follicle (G1) ratios of AMH treated groups showed no statistically significant difference. In Group B, G1 ratios of 25 and 125 μg/mL of AMH treated groups were higher than those of 5 μg/mL treated group, but there was no improvement in G1 ratio after AMH treatment. In every group, apoptotic follicle ratios did not show any trend according to AMH treatment. Proportions of primordial follicle were not significantly different according to AMH treatment in all groups. The result of the present study demonstrated that AMH treatment during on transplantation of cryopreserved ovaries has no significant effect on follicle survival and prevention of follicle depletion.

Objective : To investigate the effects of Simvastatin and Methylprednisolone on ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation using mouse models. Methods : The mice were randomly distributed into 1 control and 3 experimental groups. The B6D2F1 mice were given oral Simvastatin (5 mg/kg), intravenous Methylprednisolone (15 mg/kg), or a combination of both at 2 hours before ovariectomy. Same volume of normal saline was given perorally in the control group at 2 hours before ovariectomy. The ovarian tissues were vitrified accrording to our protocols. The vitrified ovaries were warmed 1 week later and auto-transplanted under bilateral kidney capsules. The ovaries and blood sera were collected at 2, 7 or 21 days after transplantation. Histological analysis, TUNEL assay, immuno-histochemistry for CD31, serum AMH level and embryonic development after in vitro fertilization were assessed for evaluation. Results : With regard to the total grade 1 follicle rate, both Simvastatin or Methylprednisolone treated groups were significantly increased at 2, 7 or 21 days after transplantation (except Simvastatin treated group at 7 days). A combination of Simvastatin and Methylprednisolone group was significantly improved in terms of the total G1 follicle rate, apoptotic follicle rate, CD31 positive area and serum AMH after ovarian tissue transplantation. However, there were no statistically difference with respect to the oocyte maturation rate, blastulation rate, and the other embryonic development parameters after in vitro fertilization procedure among the four groups. Conclusion : Our results suggest that combined donor Simvastatin and Methylprednisolone have beneficial effects on the quality and function of transplanted ovarian tissues.

“Daeshin” (Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton), a new cultivar for leaf vegetable, was developed from a cross between YPL5 (Ipdeulkkae1/YCPL187) and Milyang2 at the National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station (NYAES), RDA, in 2002. For the cultivation of leaf vegetable perilla, seeds are sown in narrow spacing of 10 × 5 cm and all branches are removed to harvest uniform leaves from main stem. Because of the narrow planting distance, it is difficult to distinguish seeds from soil in dark brown seed cultivar. Therefore the gray-white size color of “Daeshin” is very useful characteristic for easier sawing in perilla cultivation. “Daeshin” grow vigorously and yield high quality leaf. The fresh leaf yield of “Daeshin” is 9% higher than that of “Ipdeulkkae 1” (4,823 vs. 4,459 kg/10a). For the leaf production, “Daeshin” is adaptable to whole arable land in South Korea. However, the southern parts of Korea such as South Gyeongsang and South Jeolla provinces are appropriate for the seed production.