Jeju Island has been facing to threat of high-risk invasive pests from tropical areas. To protect domestic agriculture from those invasive pests, APQA has conducted a regular monitoring program on Jeju Island. We collected especially phototactic heteroceran pests by light bucket trap and identified them using their superficial appearances, and also mitochondria COI gene. As a result, a total of 24 families, 136 genera, 193 species, and 819 individuals were collected from around Jeju Island in 2023. Among them, two unidentified epidopteran pests, Palpita sp. (Crambidae) and Xyrosaris sp. (Yponomeutidae) were collected. In the present study, we report two unidentified micro-lepidopteran pests using superficial characteristics and mitochondria COI gene.

벼밤나방[Sesamia inferens (Walker, 1856)](나비목: 밤나방과)은 벼 줄기를 가해하는 해충이다. 본 연구는 국내 몇 지역에서 벼밤나방의 연 중 세대수를 추정하였다. 북위 38° 부근의 세 지역에서 벼밤나방 성충이 성페로몬트랩에 포획되었다. 이는 국내 모든 지역에서 벼밤나방이 서식하 는 것을 나타냈다. 조사된 지역 대부분에서 단일사인곡선의 유효적산온일도 모델로 추정된 세대별 성충 발생 시기는 관찰된 성충 세대의 발생 시기 와 차이가 없었다. 이 모델을 사용하여 추정된 월동유충은 성충 마지막 세대로부터 유래할 가능성이 있다고 추정되었다. 중남부지역에서 가을동안 벼 포장에서 채집된 유충들을 25°C에서 사육하였을 때, 번데기의 약 70%가 용화전 유충 탈피를 보이지 않았다. 경남 고성에서 3월초에 채집된 유 충은 25°C 사육에서 유충 탈피 없이 용화하여 이 지역에서는 주로 마지막 유충 영기로 월동할 것으로 추정되었다. 모든 결과를 종합하여 벼밤나방 은 북위 38° 부근 지역에서는 주로 2세대, 북위 35.3° ~ 37.3° 사이 지역에서는 3세대가 경과할 것으로 결론지었다. 별도로, 시토크롬 c 산화효소 1 유전자의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 성페로몬트랩에 포획된 종의 35%가 다른 종이었고, 이들은 형태적으로 벼밤나방과 혼동되지 않았다.

A total of 53 nontarget species representing six orders of insects were captured in the codling moth surveillance traps placed in Korea over the last eight years. These included 20 species (37.7%) of moths (Lepidoptera) belonging to 9 families of which 9 species were tortricids, 12 species (22.6%) of beetles (Coleoptera) belonging to 10 families, 11 species (20.8%) of flies (Diptera) belonging to 7 families; 4 families of true bugs (Hemiptera) including one species of Anthocoridae (9.4%); 1 family of Hymenoptera including 2 species of Formicidae (3.8%) and 1 family of Neuroptera including 3 species of Chrysopidae (5.7%). A list of the species of nontarget insects captured in the codling moth surveillance traps is provided. A brief diagnosis and photographs of Aterpia issikii Kawabe, the tortricid moth newly documented in Korea are provided.

Surveillance for introduction of subtropical moths through the inanimate pathway in the Korean Peninsula was carried from 2010 to the 2015 using the burket (light) trap in Jeju island and a nearby dependent islands. Each record typically includes the taxonomic identity, its country of origin, and relevant biological information. According to a study, Lampronia flavimitrella (Hübner) belonging to the family Prodoxidae, from the first reported in Korea. Interestingly, erebids moth, Asota ficus (Fabricius) was distributed in the subtropical area from the southern part of China to Sumatra. It has been also mentioned that the personal blog on the internet was colleted from Yeosu and Mt. Yudal-san (JN), respectively. Especially, there was a crambids moth, Bocchoris inspersalis Zeller, on the origin of subtropical Africa South of the Sahara, but we can't at this point give any evidence about the intercepted status of this species in Korea. We continuously investigated the moth fauna in Jeju. However, its possible of establishment and spread in the Korean fauna can't be ruled out. Thus, it is very important to our weather conditions and further study on the surveillance of these species are needed, considering its possible status as invasive alien species. To resolve this question, further researches should be done to determine the pathway by which these subtropical moths occurred in Korea.

Surveillance for subtropical moths through the inanimate pathway in the Korean Peninsula was investigated during the past seven years using the light trap in Baengnyeong and Daecheong islands, located near the Northern Limit Line (NLL) in the West Sea. Each record typically includes the taxonomic identify, its country of origin, and information related to inanimate pathway. A total of 2,201 individuals were detected, comprising 25 families, 441 species of Lepidoptera. The most dominant species was Chionarctia nivea (Noctuidae) with 44 individuals, followed by a crambid moth, Ostrinia furnacalis with 37 individuals. Among them, two species of subtropical moths, including Ischyja manlia Cramer and Spirama sp. belonging to the family Noctuidae, and they are mostly distributed in the subtropical area from the southern part of China to Borneo or Java. Interestingly, the other three species, Acronicta pruinosa (Guenée), Marumba spectabilis (Butler), and Spodoptera pecten Guenée were distributed in the southern regions, however, due to the effects of global warming, biotic province is now considered that may be certified moving northwards. Thus, it is very important to our weather conditions and further study on the surveillance of subtropical or/and southern species is needed, considering its possible status as a pest insect.

I) Surveillance for subtropical-moths through the inanimate pathway in the Korean Peninsula was investigated during the period from 2006 to the present using the light trap in Is. Baekryeong-do and Is. Daecheong-do. A total of 438 species belonging to 27 families of Lepidoptera were identified. Among them, two species of subtropical -moths, including Ischyja manlia Cramer and Spirama sp. belong to the family Noctuidae were occurred at Is. Daecheong-do in the west coast. II) We are conducting an investigation into subtropical-moths detected from a vessel arrived in Yeosu sea port from this year. Among them, one species was identified into Histia flabellicornis Fabricius belong to the family Zygaenidae. These moths are mainly distributed in the subtropical area from the southern part of China to Indonesia. It is very likely that subtropical-moths have invaded in the Korean Peninsula through the inanimate pathway such as typhoons and/or vessels. To resolve this question, further researches should be done to determine the pathway by which these subtropical-moths occurred in Korea.