이 연구는 지각된 학생지도성, 교사-학생관계 교사효능감, 학습컨설팅 역량의 구조적인 관계를 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 선행연구를 토대로 가설모형을 설정한 후, 초등교사 201명을 대상으로 세 변인의 직·간접적 영향력을 살펴보았다. 분석방법은 Pearson 적률 상관분석을 통해 측정변인들 간의 상호관련성을 살펴보았고, 구조방정식모형분석을 통해 세 변인들로 이루어진 모형이 적합한지를 알아보았다. 또한 매개효과 검증을 위해, 부트스트랩핑(Bootstrapping) 분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 측정변인들간의 상관관계는 통계적으로 유의하였고, 학생지도성은 학습컨설팅에 직접적인 영향을 미치면서 동시에 교사-학생관계 교사효능감을 매개로 간접적인 영향을 주는 모형이 적합한 모형임을 확인하였다. 또한, 교사-학생관계 교사효능감은 통계적으로 유의한 매개효과가 있었다. 이 상의 결과를 바탕으로 초등교사의 학습컨설팅 역량을 함양하기 위해서는 교수·학습 전문성 및 학생에 대한 이해와 같은 학생지도성을 강화해야 하며, 교사-학생의 긍정적인 관계 형성에 대한 신념이 높아야 함에 대해 논의하였다.

This study provides the empirical testing to test the influences of contemporary leadership styles (i.e., transactional and transformational) on job satisfaction and customer satisfaction as the mediating variable between job satisfaction and customer loyalty. The approach utilized in this study was a quantitative research design using a survey model. The participants of this study were recruited from 160 front-liners in the airline’s industry in Indonesia. This study employed 160 front liners (flight attendants, reservation/ticketing, and check-in-counter officers) who worked in Branch Office/General Sales Agent of Indonesian commercial airlines. The studied airlines serve domestic routes based at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport. Furthermore, the data were examined the four developed hypotheses by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The primary results are: First, in the context of job satisfaction, both leadership styles (i.e., transactional and transformational) have similar influences; Second, job satisfaction affects customer satisfaction positively and significant, Third, customer loyalty is driven by passengers’ satisfaction when they are utilizing the airline services. The findings imply that the working-role encouragement is essential to maximize the productivity of front-liners to serve their customer well. This research supports on developing the general knowledge based on leadership styles in the context of the airline’s industry in managing the human resources strategically.

The study investigates by empirical methods the effect of motivation, leadership, and organizational culture on job satisfaction, and employee performance at Wahana Resources Ltd North Seram District, Central Maluku Regency, Indonesia. This examination intends to be a critical review for academics researching the field of human resources management (HRM). The study’s sample consisted of 155 employees who were selected using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling method. At the same time, data were collected using a questionnaire and then analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling on Amos. The results of data analysis showed that work motivation and organizational culture had a positive and significant effect on performance, but did not significantly influence employee job satisfaction. While leadership has a substantial impact on employee job satisfaction, it does not affect performance. The results of testing the coefficient of determination show that job satisfaction is influenced for 57.4% by motivation, leadership, and culture variables, while employee performance variables are influenced for 73.5% by motivation, leadership, culture, and job satisfaction variables. Other factors outside this study influence the rest. Motivation, leadership, and organizational culture of employees need to be improved to increase job satisfaction. Invariably, if employee job satisfaction increases, employee performance will also increase.

The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting the leadership capacity of middle managers and then evaluate the corresponding effect on the performance of subordinates in Vietnamese economic and defense enterprises. Data for the study was collected from questionnaire survey of 15 economic and defense enterprises, preceded by in-depth interviews with respondents who are subordinates of the departments/divisions of these enterprises. The research used logistic regression estimator to address econometric issues and to improve the accuracy of the regression coefficients. Our results show that the determinants of the leadership capacity of mid-level managers in defense and economic enterprises include: (i) personal qualities and qualities of managerial officials (understanding, courage), fairness, assertiveness and compliance), and leadership behaviors of two leadership styles – (ii) a transforming leadership style (influenced by ideals, inspirations, concerns) subordinates, stimulating intellect) and (iii) transactional leadership style (rewarding, detecting and handling problems for subordinates). Based on these results, our study suggests that middle managers should possess superior knowledge, care more about subordinates, understand the strengths and weaknesses of each subordinate, always be creative, assertive and courageous people as well as have high standards of competency and morality in order to become outstanding leaders in Vietnamese economic and defense enterprises.

This research investigates the role of entrepreneurial leadership in micro-enterprise development in the district of Majalengka in West Java, Indonesia. This study applied a qualitative content analysis method to understand the phenomenon of micro-enterprises comprehensively. The data of this research was collected using surveys, interviews, and a group discussion. The findings indicated that technological information adaptation plays a crucial role in the development of micro-enterprise development. Since the group of millennials dominated the leadership, it has provided more creativity by implementing technological information instead of the previous generation that faced difficulties in adopting the technology. This study noted that inadequate technology adaptation makes micro-business gradually lose customers, and the business was threatened to close. Meanwhile, the role of leadership drives the business development, sales have risen, the number of products has been increasingly diverse, and business capital and number of employees have grown. The establishment of an entrepreneur group could facilitate peer-to-peer contact, knowledge transfer, training, and intervention to enhance leadership and business development. This finding pointed out that the leadership will successfully influence business development when supported by several characteristics such as manage the business, capture opportunities, confidence, firmness, personal integrity, communication, and social and technical expertise.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of work motivation and leadership on job satisfaction and its implications on employee performance. A total of 355 samples of Bukit Asam Coal Mining Company Ltd. in Indonesia were selected proportionally with random sampling. Data were obtained through questionnaires. Data analysis technique employed structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS 22. The results of the study show that leadership and work motivation have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Leadership has a more considerable influence (0.263) than work motivation (0.171) toward employee job satisfaction. The influence of leadership towards job performance is 0.175. The influence of work motivation towards job performance is 0.166. Job satisfaction has the most dominant influence (0.363) towards employee performance. The direct effect of leadership on employee performance is 0.175 greater than the indirect influence of leadership on employee performance through employee job satisfaction, which is only 0.096. Likewise, the direct effect of work motivation towards employee performance is 0.166 greater than the indirect effect of work motivation towards employee performance through employee job satisfaction, which is only 0.062. Thus, job satisfaction does not mediate the effects of leadership and work motivation toward employee performance.

Purpose: The purpose of this study examines the mediating effect of clan leadership in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. Most previous research focused on the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance or organizational culture and job satisfaction. There are few empirical studies that focus on organizational commitment data because it is difficult to collect in many cases of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises. However, this research measures affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment differently than previous research, which is mostly focused on the hierarchy culture, clan leadership, and organizational commitment measurements. Research design, data, methodology: Conceptual research model is based on the studies of Cameron and Quinn (2011), and Gungor and Sahin (2018). The model is designed with three constructs such as hierarchy culture, organizational commitment, and clan leadership. The monitor culture and coordinator culture are as proxy for the hierarchy culture. The affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment are as proxy for the organizational commitment. And also the facilitator leadership and mentor leadership are as proxy for the clan leadership. Based on three hundred cases such as export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), this study verify the hypothesis. Hypothesis was analyzed with the structural equation modeling. Results: In case of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), clan leadership acts as a mediator in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. In case of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with high organizational commitment, clan leadership acts as a mediator in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. In case of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with low organizational commitment, clan leadership did not act as a mediator in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. Conclusions: By controlling for the mediating effect of clan culture, this study have improved the academic contributions as well as policy and practical implications through empirical study of clan leadership that affect organizational commitment in the fields of hierarchy culture. In addition, this study means that the mediating effects on the variables of clan leadership were examined.

The research examines the impacts of empowering leadership on teamwork performance of the employees in sales departments at commercial banks in Vietnam. Based on the data from the sample survey of 406 employees in sales departments of commercial banks in Vietnam, the paper uses various types of statistical methods and assesses the reliability of scales with Cronbach's Alpha, Confirmatory Factor Analysis as well as Structural Equation Modeling for analysis. The results show that the Empowering Leadership factor has a directly positive impact on Knowledge Sharing and Teamwork Performance, which means when the Empowering Leadership is positive, the Knowledge Sharing and Teamwork Performance will increase. In addition, Empowering Leadership also has an indirect impact on Teamwork Performance through Knowledge Sharing factor, which means when the Empowering Leadership is positive, the Teamwork Performance will increase. Moreover, Knowledge Sharing factor has a directly positive impact on Teamwork Performance, which means when the Knowledge Sharing factor is positive, the Teamwork Performance will increase. The findings suggest that Empowering Leadership has both directly and indirectly positive influence on Teamwork Performance. Moreover, Empowering leadership has a directly positive impact on Knowledge-sharing while Knowledge-sharing has a directly positive impact on Teamwork Performance of sales departments of commercial banks in Vietnam.

The research aims to examine the impact of leadership style on accountants’ commitment with FDI firms in Vietnam based on theory of Bass and Avolio (2004). A survey with 110 accountants in FDI firms was conducted. The total of 110 respondents with full information were used for data entry and analysis. Through quantity methodology, we used Cronbach's Alpha, EFA and correlation analysis to determine the relationship between leadership style and three dependent variables including affective, normative and continuance commitment. The results showed that the leadership style had positive relationships with accountants’ commitments. In particular, normative commitment with FDI firms of accountants is the most strongest. In addition, there is no statistically difference in the level of three commitments with FDI firms of accountants for three groups of job description. From the findings, this study suggests several recommendations to improve accountants’ commitments such as intellectually stimulating, individualized consideration, inspirational motivation, idealized influence, and idealized influence behavior. The results are considered as a useful reference for establishing policies to attract talent personnel toward to sustainable development of firms. Commitment with the organization is a crucial factor to gain a competitive advantage and guide the success of organizations by satisfying customers, maintaining productivity and efficiency.

The paper aims to examine the relationship of emotional intelligence on the project success, the causal relationship between emotional intelligence and project success, and also investigate the influence of emotional intelligence and the mediating role of transformational leadership as well as the moderating effect of organization commitment on the relationship between emotional intelligence and project success. Cross sessional research is applied to collect the data in this study. By applying quantitative research and survey question, the study collects 325 respondents who are the project managers. Snow-ball sampling method is used to distribute the questionnaires by face to face survey (68% of respondents) and online survey (32% of respondents). The collected data is analyzing by applying partial least square (PLS-SEM) via software SmartPLS 3.0.The result shows that the emotional intelligence and the transformational leadership making the project even more successful as the mediation actor. Furthermore, the project commitment also has the moderator effect between transformational leadership and project success. With the result of study, project managers should be aware of the importance of emotional intelligence and their commitment to the ability to manage projects successfully. A successful project is a combination of many actors, the most critical actor is the leader of the project.

본 연구는 부산시내에 있는 병원에 근무하는 방사선사들을 대상으로 조직문화 및 리더십, 조직몰입이 조직만족에 미치는 영향에 대해 알고자 설문조사를 실시하고 분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과 3차 대학병원의 조직문화, 조직몰입, 직무만족의 점수가 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05, p<0.001). 이직경험이 없는 그룹이 조직몰입, 직무만족 및 조직 유효성의 점수가 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 핵의 학과의 직무만족 점수가 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05).위계적 회귀분석 결과 방사선사의 직무만족은 조직몰입이 가장 높은 영향력을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(β=0.564, p<0.001). 방사선사는 질병의 진단에 있어서 병원 조직에서 큰 부분을 차지하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 방사선사의 조직문화, 리더십, 조직몰입과의 관계를 분석하여 방사선사들의 직무만족을 높일 수 있는 방안을 마련하는데 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

The study aims to identify the role of transformational leadership toward work performance through intrinsic motivation in pharmaceutical field by a survey of 220 pharmacists in Vietnam. The pharmaceutical industry in Vietnam is experiencing rapid growth, accompanied by the need for a change in leadership for managers. The transformational leadership creates a proactive, positive attitude, passion, interest or an increase in intrinsic motivation of employees, thereby affecting work performance. This study performed reliable verification by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, then the factors are analyzed by EFA before conducting multivariate regression analysis. The results showed that the transformational leadership style includes such factors as: idealized influence (attributed and behavior), inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration have a positive impact on intrinsic motivation and thereby positively affecting work performance. It confirms that employees will have a higher intrinsic motivation level when working under transformational leadership from their leaders. It makes employees work more efficiently. According to the research results, the pharmacist has an intrinsic motivation to work hard on tasks that contribute to the group overall goal of. That requires managers to have a task assignment strategy to connect the goals of the members together as well as of the members to the group.

Purpose - Unlike in the past, individualistic thought is more dominant than groupism where members prioritize organizations. Such changes run counter to the direction of the survival of the companies, which calls for companies to explore strategies to address thems. As one of the solutions, many people highlights social capital. However, since most studies have been conducted on the definition and characteristics of social capital, there is not enough prior factor research on the formation of social capital. So the current situation require researches on the formation of social capital. Research design, data, and methodology - To achieve the purpose, the literature and the empirical studies were combined. Deriving workplace democracy and servant leadership as factors affecting the formation of social capital through the literature, and this factors have modeled assumptions about the impact on social capital, and have established hypotheses to verify them. The survey which is conducted to verify the hypothesis and questionnaires are derived base on the variables used in the previous studies. The survey was conducted 447 respondents in Korea. Results - As a result, we found that the workplace democracy is positively functioning with the formation of social capital. It means that the democracy functions as a universal element to enhance the quality of social capital at the workplace. The evidence also shows that the positive impacts of the servant leadership on the formation of social capital. And the survey shows that groups with high level servant leadership had a higher impact on the formation of social capital than those with low levels leadership. Conclusions – At present, the social capital has become an important factor for the companies pursuing high performance workplaces. We found that the workplace democracy and the servant leadership affect the formation of social capital. It means that to increase the employees’ sense of community and solidarity, it is need to form democratic environment with the servant leadership. Therefore, based on the results of this study, the workplace democracy and the servant leadership can present strategic implications that can increase the social capital.

우리 사회가 다문화 사회로 급속히 진행되면서 타문화권 사람들과 상호협력을 통해 공동의 목표를 달성하는 글로벌 리더십의 발달이 더욱 중요해졌다. 그러나 기존의 글로벌 리더십 연구는 주로 다문화 활동을 통해 얻을 수 있는 성과에 초점이 맞추면서 개인의 발달적 결과에 무심했다. 본 논문은 다문화 활동을 글로벌 리더십 발달을 위한 학습으로 전환하는 방안을 모색하기 위해 경험 학습 이론과 문화지능 연구의 통합적 접근을 모색한다. 문화지능은 다문화 활동에서 구체적 경험, 반성적 성찰, 추상적 개념화, 적극적 실험 과정을 촉진한다. 다문화 활동의 ‘구체적 경험’은 글로벌 리더십에 대한 자기 효능감을 높이며, 타문화에 대한 ‘반성적 성찰’은 민족 상대주의 태도를 발달 시킬 수 있다. 다문화 활동을 통해 얻은 ‘추상적 개념’은 문화에 적합한 리더십 지식을 형성하고, 다문화 활동을 의식적으로 계획하고 실천으로 옮기는 ‘적극적 실험’은 유연한 리더십 행동을 발달 시킬 수 있다. 그러나 다문화 활동에서의 이러한 경험학습이 글로벌 리더십 발달로 전환되기 위해 서는 문화지능과의 결합이 필요하다. 문화지능이 높은 사람은 다문화 활동에 더 적극적으로 참여 함으로써 글로벌 리더십에 필요한 긍정적 학습 결과를 더 많이 얻는다. 한편, 문화지능이 부족한 사람은 다문화 활동에서 발달적 이익을 얻지 못할 수도 있다. 따라서 글로벌 리더십 발달을 위해서 는 다문화 경험학습을 통해 문화지능을 높이는 교육적 개입이 필요하다. 교사는 학생들이 다문화 활동에 적극적으로 참여하여 다양한 경로로 문화지능을 높일 수 있는 교육활동을 장려해야 한다.

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 스포츠 지도자의 진성리더십 구성요인을 탐색하고, 탐색한 결과를 토대로 척도를 개발하는 것이었다. 방법: 스포츠 지도자의 진성리더십 구성요인을 탐색하기 위해 126명의 코치들을 대상으로 개방형 설문을 실시하였다. 또한 심도 있는 자료를 수집하기 위해 8명의 코치와 6명의 선수들을 대상으로 심층면접을 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료는 범주화 과정을 통해 예비문항을 제작하였다. 제작된 설문지는 요인구조 및 척도의 타당도를 검증하기 위해 325명의 코치에게 설문을 실시하였다. 통계 프로그램은 SPSS 18.0과 AMOS 18.0을 활용 하였다. 결과: 개방형 설문과 심층면접을 통해 1,076개의 원 자료가 도출되었으며, 귀납적 내용분석을 실시한 결과 스포츠 지도자의 진성리더십 구성요인은 자기성장, 진실한 태도, 균형 잡힌 지도행동 및 인간적인 소통의 4요인으로 나타났다. 탐색한 결과를 토대로 60문항의 예비문항을 제작하였으며, 코치 170명이 설문에 응답한 결과를 토대로 탐색적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 자기성장 4문항, 진실한 태도 3문항, 균형 잡힌 지도행동 4문항, 인간적인 소통 4문항의 4요인 15문항이 추출되었다. 추출된 요인의 구조를 확인하기 위해 코치 155명이 응답한 내용을 토대로 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 요인의 구조가 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 개발된 척도는 집중타당도와 판별타당도 분석을 통해 개념타당도를 확보하였고, 다른 척도와의 상관분석을 통해 외적 타당도를 확보하였다. 결론: 개발된 척도는 코치들의 진성 수준을 확인하고, 다른 심리요인들과의 영향력 검증을 위한 도구로 활용될 것이다.

Purpose - This study is to clarify the structural relationship between the direct supervisor and organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior through mediation of the Leader-member exchange (LMX) in the hospital organization, and to confirm the mediating effect of the LMX. Through this study, we will provide basic data on the aspects of HR to enhance organizational immersion and organizational civic behavior in hospital organizations, and present suggestions on academic contribution and effective organizational operation measures. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is to investigate the relationship between authentic leadership and OC and OCB of the organization member, which is proposed to secure more active and high competitiveness in the recent changing medical environment, with multi-regression and B&K(1986) method. For this purpose, 653 employees of senior hospitals in Seoul and Kyeong-In area were surveyed using structured questionnaires. Each questionnaire was composed of 7-point scale, and each hypothesis was testified by multiple leaner regression and by BK method for testifying mediator effect. Result - As a result of the analysis, it was found that the male and non-medical staff had higher recognition level than the medical staff in the LMX, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. In the senior management or more than 5 years’ experience group, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior were recognized higher than the group of subordinate managers. Second, authentic leadership has a positive influence on LMX, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, and LMX has a significant positive impact on organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, as a result of analyzing LMX mediating effect in the relationship of authentic leadership and organizational effectiveness by BK method, LMX had partial mediating effects between authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behavior, and between authentic leadership and organizational commitment. Conclusion - Results of the study confirmed that all the members of the hospital organization that were lacking served as positive factors for the relationships of authentic leadership and LMX, and authentic leadership and organizational effectiveness. It is expected that the hospital organization will be able to suggest such as the organizational approach to expect high organizational effectiveness centering on authentic leadership ability as psychological capital.

Many studies have shown that job performance and leadership are important in our society. In addition, to improve the quality of work or to improve the work efficiency is still a lot of challenges for each leader. In Vietnam, there are few specific studies on the impact of leadership styles on employee engagement such as: transformational leadership styles, business leadership styles and leadership styles. In the field of higher education, the fewer studies on these issues. A study is conducted to test the impact of leadership styles on the engagement of cadres, lecturers and staff at public universities in Vietnam. Using adjustment techniques, inspecting the scales and theoretical models representing the relationship among the influential factors. The research is based on a sample of 309 cadres, lecturers and staff currently working in universities in Vietnam and used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the relationships among the variables. The study results show that the scales of the variables: transformational leadership, transactional leadership, laissez faire leadership, job satisfaction and organizational engagement attain the validity and reliability in the research. The study results also show transformational leadership, transactional leadership and laissez faire leadership are directly and indirectly affected by job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between job characteristics and creativity. The role of transformational leadership is also examined. To identify the relationship between core team job characteristics and transformational leadership, an empirical survey was conducted through surveys of domestic distribution companies. Among the collected questionnaires, missing and insincere responses were excluded and 636 individuals of 107 teams were used for the SPSS 18 analysis. It was found that job meaningfulness was positively related to team creativity and transformational leadership also had a significant effect. Task feedback was shown to be an important factor on the motivation to perform tasks successfully. In the case of transformational leadership, this leadership style helped individuals overcome fear by providing support, sympathy, and consideration to create novel ideas. But, its effects were different on team creativity when it interacted with core job characteristics. Departments where creativity is highly emphasized within an organization are able to design job characteristics which fit the task at hand. Moreover, transformational leadership brings about different effects on team creativity when it interacts with job characteristics. The findings of this study suggest that organizations should consider characteristics of tasks and individuals as well when conducting education and training.

본 연구는 다문화가족지원센터장의 코칭리더십이 직무자율성과 조직유효성에 미치는 영 향에 대하여 실증분석을 통해 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 전국의 다문화가족지 원센터의 구성원들을 대상으로 설문지 307부를 회수하여 확인적 요인분석과 구조모형방정식을 이용하여 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다문화가족지원센터장의 코칭리더십은 직무자율성에 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)의 방향으로 영향을 미치고 있음을 검증하였다. 둘째, 구성원들의 직무자율성은 조직유효성의 하위변인인 조직몰입과 조직시민행동에 통계적으로 유의한 정(+)의 방향으로 영향을 미치고 있음이 검증되었다. 셋째, 직무자율성은 다문화가족지원센터장의 코칭리더십과 조직몰입 및 조직시민행동과의 관계에서 통계적으로 유의한 매개효과를 보여주고 있다. 넷째, 리더- 구성원 교환관계(LMX)는 다문화가족지원센터장의 코칭리더십과 직무자율성 간의 인과관계에 있어서 통계적으로 유의적인 조절효과를 나타냈다. 분석결과를 토대로 다문화가족지원센터장의 코칭리더십은 구성원의 직무자율성 및 조직 유효성에 영향을 주는 중요한 요인임을 확인하였다. 따라서 다문화가족지원센터장은 구성원의 직무자율성과 조직유효성을 고양시키기 위하여 코칭리더십을 발휘해야 한다는 시사점을 제공하는데 의의가 있다.

The study aims to investigate methods for companies to contribute to not only social and national developments, but also on the promotion of individuals and companies by re-examining the various phenomena that define companies. The study examines the relationship between subordinate factors of social responsibility activities and job performances as well as the role of CEOs in showing authentic leadership and meaningfulness of work. A total of 312 valid questionnaires were obtained, and hypotheses were tested using regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and 3-way interactions. The results suggest that corporate social responsibility activities not only enhanced the performance of the members, but also confirmed the importance of the authentic leadership of the CEO. Additionally, the role of the members in the company also showed to play a very significant role in a company’s developments. The results also show that the CEO and members need to make efforts to increase ethics as well as gain more competitiveness and improve their reputation by promoting their sense of calling and feeling of compassion in the workplace. In other words, the members of the high-ranking book and the members of the relatively low position will have different degrees of information transfer and evaluation of the company policy may be different.