With the trends of massiveness and complexity of construction, the main agents of construction have considered the various types of risk management strategies to minimize the loss caused by the risk factors from the nature of construction project, regional characteristics, and scale of construction. The risk management has been conducted, because the risk factors have exacerbated the condition of construction in terms of the level of productivity, quality of construction, atmosphere, and budget. Based on thε interests regarding risk factor management, the current study suggests the work breakdown structure-based process. Additionally, based on the work breakdown structure, the risk factors on constructions are identified and stratified depending on the level of salience of each risk factor. The purpose of result is to lead Korean Land Corporation understand and control the risk factors properly for the advanced construction process of Korean Land Corporation. Ultimately the current study contribute to advance of efficient risk management strategies by using ANP method, which identify and control the primary risk factos depending on the impact of the interaction and subordinate relationship between risk factors.

In understranding the essence of the Korea traditional Architecture, it is important to consider the jointing methods of architectural members, architectural technologies, etc. Especially the purpose of this study is understanding on the Jointing Method of Wooden Members in the period of Unified Silla Architecture. It's conclusion is summarized as follows. 1. A section of column has very close to do with the foundation stone. The structures of foundation stone and column are generally concluded by butt joint, arrow-head joint, housed joint by Grang-e method. Judu is structured by arrow-head joint. And, in general, beam is structured by Sagaematchum Chumcha and sagaljudu of Dori direction. At the head of Pyungju and the body of Goju, Changbang is structed by Jangbumachum with arrow-head joint or by jumukchang- machum. Also, it is surmised that Gyisoseum and Anssolim methods had been applied to columns from former ages. The example can be found at Bagjae Mireuksaji stone pagoda. Bagjae Mireuksaji stone pagoda taking wooden-pagoda form adopts Gyisoseum and Anssolim methods. We can also find such a sort of methods from other stone constructions like Budo, etc. 2. Injahwaban is structured by short Changbumachum with arrowed-head joint at upper members, and by Anjangmachum at the lower part. This sort of Gongpo style can be seen in the mural painting of tomb of Koguryo and in Buplyungsa, Buplyunsa, Bupkisa-located in Japan, which are influenced by Bakjae or Unified Silla. It is considered that at the end of the late United Silla, Injawhaban had been replaced with Chumcha and Soro on the Pyungbang under influence of Dapo style from China.

The present study is about a 3-dimensional design method based on prototype model using the parametric technique. Until now, architecture design using the computer has been limited to the 2-dimensional level. Although the outputs of some modeling programs appear 3-dimensional, they are basically the outcomes of 2-dimensional perspective drawings or presentations and, in the true sense, cannot be 3-dimensional methods using all variables related to three dimensions. To overcome the limitations and to apply the computer to design in a more useful way, machinery, automobile, aviation and shipbuilding industries have developed 3-dimensional tools based on concepts such as object-oriented modeling technique and parametric technique. However, few of such attempts have been made in the area of architecture. Thus, viewing that, among several methods tried in other industries, the 3-dimensional design technology based on the parametric technique may be usable in architecture design, the present study purposed to examine how to introduce and apply the concept to architecture design. With this purpose, finding the possibility of applying together the object-oriented modeling and the parametric modeling method, which are 3-dimensional modeling methods, and the design prototype method and the previous case based design method, which are design methods，we examined a 3-dimensional architecture design method under the title 'Prototype-based Design Method Using Parametric Technique’ and assessed its possibility by applying the method to real cases experimentally.

Too many big accidents have been occurring in Korea during '90. Those were accidents of Sung-Soo Bridge in 1994 and Sam-Poong Department Store in 1995. It was confirmed that the causes of the accident were unreliable construction or building. Therefore, in this study are to use technique of virtual reality(VR) simulation in order to prevent construction accidents. To set up the VR in safety construction, Date Base of variables, VR model and expert system are needed. This system is to build expert system, to visualize of the VR system and navigation, and to find out design errors of construction. Therefore, the purpose of this was to analyze accident type of construction, and apply VR system for simulation technique.

Architectural Drawing has been settled down the very effective means of exchanging their architectural ideas and data on the construction process. However, it was not easy to conserve the original drawings, which aims had been accomplished, at the same time, building was built. The same phenomena were occurred in our traditional architectural construction project, especially before pre-modern age. And do not understand soundly building documentation accepted by craftsmen in the period of earliest Chosun dynasty and how to present their idea and information of architectural as means of sketches and drawings. So, this paper aimed to clarify the drawing occurrence and the development steps of their rendering, representation methodology in the construction process in Sannungdogam-Uuigue, which were the construction documents of government based on the royal family's tomb and building projects in the late Chosun Dynasty. There are three development stages of architectural space representation, pre-drawing stage, drawing occurring stage and drawing settlement stage, They had been adapted unique drawing presentation method which were drawn by artisan, so called Doseol(圖說)and Painter Hwawon(畵員) The results are 1. In the Pre-drawing stage, they had been used the systematic explanation method of character 2. Do not have the evidence of adapting drawing before 17th centry, it was originated in early 17's century started with Onga(甕家). Onga's Drawing was drawn very elementary skill, and became development, settlement and standardization of their drawing representation around 19th century 3. The drawing presented by client's recognition view of space and building, integrated data within a sheet of drawing with practical and hierarchy and using graphic and description.

As a result of this study, an attempt to emphasize the effect of perspective through the factors of spatial constitution is considered that, in Mwaeom thought, the establishment of the basic situation for cherishing the religious experience as Seonjae Dongja's course of ascetic practice, was needed. Therefore, placing of gates, terrace make-up and the changing spaces and constitution that the space under a castle moves from narrow darkness to wide brightness, express the steps of the course of ascetism. Through this, it gives observers dramatic changes and expectation to their sensual feeling. The emphasis on the perceptibility of Muryang Sujeon, Anyang Loo and the terrace by using a perspertive technique can be interpreted as an intention to express the very delightedness at the last moment the truth is perceived.

The purpose of this study is to connect the technics and form from ancient to Korea Dynast But in these period there is no buildings remains but paintings, fine arts, and stupas. In the historical materials there are many architectural form and signature revealings, so as a result these analysis, 1)The building showed in paintings of Silla, and Korea Dynasty reflect the architectural style their own Dynasty. 2)In detail, the architecture of Silla and Korea Dynasy was connected with Chinese architectur Liao, Song. But from the 8Century Koreans were succeeded the one of Silla Dynasty and had originility in architectural style. 3)The architectursl style in Silla and Korea Dynasty were very various and very rich content. And we must more serious study of historical materials so that we improve the ancient a middle age of architcture in Korea.

The perspective representation and its effect that appeared in the tombs and mural paintings of koguryo are summarized as follows: First, The inside structure of the tombs is likely to show the deepness effect, placing each function in the front and both sides centering around the mane pillars and creating the boundaries and the spaces that have various visibility between the inside and outside spaces of the structure just like a traditional Korean house shows. In addition, The deepness effect is emphasized by suggesting that the spaces are countinued with a storage attached behind the main house or by forming the level and deployment in a narrow space like the scene that a large array is looked out from the main house. Second, The deepness effect is expressed by making the form of ceiling turn to a vertical space of an ascending image, constructing it just as the lotus lamp ceiling of a wooden architecture or drawing it just like the imaginary heavenly world with the sun the moon and mythical fairies and animals spread in it. Thried, The perspective effect is disclosed by drawing the mural pictures in an equally set bird's-eye view without regard to the disfance proportion according to the conceptual visualization which is not a visual penetration, adopting the multiple view points and moving view points that are moving around as an important manner of seeing. Fourth, The deepness effect is emphasized through the scene of changing spaces when they are looked out far or looked into depending on a viewpoint of the daily life by forming the fromes of paintings that we made up with actual pillars, Du Gong, crossbeams or that are painted in most tombs. Fifth, The rich spatial senses are reflected by originating the characters of the three directions, level, deployment and ascending. An example which can support the conclusion of this study can be given here. that is, the construction ground plan of a dwelling house of a nobleman at the end of Koguryo as a remain which was excavated at Dongdae Ja in Jip An.

본 연구에서는 용사기법에 의해 콘크리트 표면에 금속피막을 형성하는 새로운 마감 의장기법의 가능성을 검토하기 위하여, 콘크리 트의 함수율 변화에 따른 금속피막의 부착성능에 대하여 실험적인 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 선재의 색은 용사 후에도 변하지 않는 것을 알 있었고, 콘크리트 부착강도 기준인 2.5 MPa를 확보하기 위한 하지 콘크리트의 함수율을 10% 이하로 관리하면 금속피막의 부착강도눈 확보되 는 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 콘크리트와 금속피막의 부착강도를 증진시키기 위해서는 표면강화제에 의한 콘크리트 표면강화와 함께 금속피막 을 봉공처리제로 봉공하는 것이 매우 유효한 것을 알 수 있었다.

A seismic performance assessment based on risk assessment is proposed considering risk factors and scenario, and thus the technique provides more practical and reasonable seismic performance assessment and reinforcement for the existing buildings more than ever before.

For the seismic performance assessment of a building, a lot of time and manpower are needed. In this paper, alternative procedure based on modeling transformation for the effective seismic performance assessment of the buildings is suggested. The suggested procedure is applied for the seismic performance assessment of an apartment building consisted of the ordinary reinforced concrete shear walls as the example model and its effectiveness is reviewed

The natural period is generally used for monitoring the change in structural dynamic characteristics. It is legally obligated in Korea that seismic acceleration measurement system is installed in structures and measured data are transmitted. However there are some difficulties that the natural period is automatically analyzed by the structural acceleration analysis system. First, structural characteristics is changed by various factor such as plan shape, foundation type, structure type, size, and so on. Second, there are many factors ― machinery(basement), conditioning equipment(roof) ― causing noises near the measurement system installation point. Lastly, there are only sent some interval data by earthquake except ambient vibration to the analysis system. In this study to estimate the natural period, systemic approach is developed using simple evaluation formula from Korean Building Code-2009(KBC-2009).

본 연구에서는 학교 건축물에 발생할 수 있는 화재 상황을 시뮬레이션 하는 기법에 대해 알아보기로 한다. 이에, 기존의 국내외 연구를 통해 화재 상황을 시뮬레이션 하는데 있어 고려해야 할 기본적인 요소를 파악하고 다양한 화재의 원인과 발화량에 따라 나타는 화재양상을 살펴봄으로써 적절한 화재 시뮬레이션 기법을 도출하도록 한다. 화재를 시뮬레이션 하는 방법으로는 CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)를 기반으로 하는 공용 소프트웨어인 FDS(Fire Dynamic Simulator)를 이용하였으며, 시뮬레이션의 결과로 시간과 장소에 따라 나타나는 온도정보 및 화염의 전파 양상을 시각화하여 비교분석하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 화재 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용하여 화재시 피난 대책, 대응인력의 투입 방법을 수립하는데 반영할 수 있으며, 화재 시뮬레이션 결과로부터 얻은 온도 정보를 이용하여 건축 구조부재의 안전성을 평가하는 데에도 활용할 수 있다.

The planning process of complex projects in oceanic architectural engineering is characterized by the cooperation of many involved specialists and by a high degree of information exchange. In order to improve the quality of the structural design of oceanic buildings, information of different involved partners in the planning process has to be integrated. This paper aims to introduce a concept of the integrated structural design for the floating-type oceanic building using STEP(Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data). STEP(ISO 10303) is an international standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product data and it provides a consistent data exchange format and application interfaces between different application systems. In this paper, the structural design process and information of oceanic buildings is analyzed and product models are preposed fir the exchange of the structural design information between superstructure and floating structure. The entities for calculating wind loads, metacenter and restoring forces are represented by Express. As a case study a floating hotel is applicated to describe the STEP physical file.