Atmospheric particulate matters were collected by 8-stage non viable cascade impactor from October 2002 to August at Jeju City. Eight water-soluble ionic components (Na+, NH4+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, NO3- and SO42-) were analyzed by Ion Chromatography. The concentration of particulate matters and eight water-soluble ionic components were determined to investigate their size distributions. Particulate matters exhibited a tri-modal distribution with peak value around 0.9, 4.0㎛ and 9.5㎛. In summer, the last peak value was lower than other season values likely due to particulate matter scavenged by rain water. Four ionic components (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Cl-) exhibited a bi-modal distribution in the coarse mode whereas three ionic components (NH4+, K+ and SO42-) in the fine mode, with maximum peak value around 0.9㎛. NO3- was found in both the coarse and the fine mode. The enrichment factor (E.F.) of each ionic components was calculated. Based upon E.F., it is considered that Na+, Cl-, and K+ in coarse paricle mode were delivered form oceanic source, but other components might have other source origins.

This study has been performed to clarify the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of surface ozone concentration over Jeju Island, one of the cleanest areas in Korea with low emissions of air pollutants. Ozone data are monitored at four sites in Jeju Island. These monitoring sites are located at two urban area(referred to Ido and Donghong), coastal area(Gosan site) and forest site(Chuna site). Ozone data has been routinely collected at these sites for the late four years. The patterns of seasonal cycle of ozone concentrations at all stations show the bimodal with the peaks on spring and autumn and a significant summer minimum. However, the patterns of diurnal variations at rural station, i.e., Gosan and Chuna sites are considerably different to those at urban stations such as Ido and Donghong sites. The patterns of △O3 variations are very similar with those of monthly mean ozone concentrations and △O3 values are exceeded 30 ppb, at urban stations. This may be that urban stations are more influenced by local photochemical reactions rather than rural stations. In order to assess the potential roles of meteorological parameters on ozone formation, the meteorological parameters, such as radiation, temperature, and wind are monitored together with ozone concentrations at all stations. The relationships of meteorological parameters to the corresponding ozone concentration are found to be insignificant in Jeju Island. However, at Gosan and Donghong stations, when the sea breeze blew toward the station, the ozone concentration is considerably increased.

To identify the characteristics of wastewater flow generated in treatment basins of Seogwipo-city, we selected 3 stations representing the basin and performed 7 times of field survey including 5 times in dry periods and 2 times in wet periods from Feb. 25 to May 27, 2002 for the selected stations. From the analysis of flow data measured for more than 60 days in the interval of 5 minutes and concentration data obtained from laboratory analysis, we can draw several conclusions. First, in the analysis of diumal variation of wastewater flow for land-use types, we could find the following results: in the residential area, it is observed that wastewater flow rates rise early in the morning for the office-going hour and fall gradually and rise again after the office-leaving hour, showing typical residential wastewater flow pattern, while for the residential and commercial area flow rates rise early in the morning at the office-going hour and move up and down repeatedly within wide range and last till the office-leaving hour, which can be resulted from wastewater that is generated by tourists activated after early in the afternoon, while for the touristy area flow rates rise early in the morning and fall gradually and rise again within wide range. Second, in the analysis of temporal variation of wastewater flow for monthly, it can be observed that in the residential area, in the residential and commercial areas the flow rate of May is higher than that of Feb., March, while for the touristy area flow rate is without monthly because it reflects the movement of population, Third, in wet periods concentration of water-quality item such as SS, BOD, and CODCr is high in the beginning of rainfall by first flush, and falls down gradually to reach the steady state, which is the level of wastewater in dry periods after the cease of storm water due to diluting effect resulting from additional runoff water through storm sewers.

This study were conducted to determine the optimum warm casting rate(0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500㎏/10a) for the yield of food canna in jeju island. The plant height was ranged from 109.4 to 134.7㎝ as organic fertilizer of worm casting increased from 0 to 500㎏/10a, but it was no significance between 400 to 500㎏/10a. Leaf length, leaf width, number of leaves, number of tillers and bulb per plant were shown higher as the amount of worm casting was increased. Stem diameter were the same trend with plant height response. Fresh yield of food canna increased significantly 13.4 to 22.6MT/㏊ as fertilizer rate increased from 0 to 500㎏/10a. Fresh weight of above-ground part and bulb were shown the same trend with fresh yield of food canna.

유한요소기법을 이용하여 유동해석의 수치모델을 행하였다 공간을 이산화 할 때에는 Galerkin법을 적용하였으며, 시간의 함수를 이산화 할 때에는 많은 수의 요소와 비정상상태의 문제를 다루는데 있어 장점을 가진 2단계 양해법을 이용하였다. 이동경계조건을 고려한 2차원유통모델을 개발하였고, 직사자형 수조에서 개발된 유동모델을 적용하여 검증하였고, 유용성을 확인하였다. 제주항에 개발된 이동경계기법을 적용하여 계산한 결과, 본 이동경계기법의 좋은 적용성을 보여주었다. 본 연구로부터 이동경계처리 방법이 실해역에서의 유동해석에 있어 유용하고 효율적인 방법이라고 결론지을 수 있다.

During the period from April to September 2002, the size distributions of ambient aerosol were measured at the coastal site at Hamduk in Jeju Island. Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and Cl- exhibited mostly a bimodal coarse mode size distribution, while ammonium and sulfate were mainly in the fine size range, with maximum at around 0.54㎛. The average molar concentration ratio of ammonium to sulfate for fine particles was equal to 2.0±0.9. Nitrate was evenly found in both the coarse and fine modes. Elements like Al, Fe, Cu, Mg, Na, Ti, Sr and Mn were dominant in coarse particles, with the maximum at around 5.25㎛. S and Pb were mainly in the submicrometer size range. Other elements with a fine and coarse modes were V, Ni, Cu, Ba and Mo. The patterns of the size distributions of trace elements measured at the downtown in Jeju City were very similar to those at the coastal site in Hamduk. However, the amplitude of size fractional concentrations at Jeju City was narrower than that at Hamduk. While the mass median diameters for the chemical species originated from the natural origin such as marine and crust were relatively large, those for ammonium, sulfate, S and Pb were very small.

Butyltin compounds (BTs), namely tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and monobutyltin (MBT), were measured in surface sediments collected in 2001 inside Hallim Harbor where a lot of shipping occurs as one of major harbors of Jeju Island, in order to evaluate their distribution. BTs were detected in surface sediments of all stations and their concentrations were comparable to those in surface sediments of other sites of domestic and foreign countries. The main species among BTs was MBT, although there was a little difference with a survey site. No correlations were obtained between organic matter or particles size of surface sediments and total BTs, indicating that these factors did not affect on the distribution of BTs. It was estimated that more complex factors including BTs loads and surrounding sedimentary environments, affected on the distribution of BTs. The high correlations between BTs indicated that DBT and MBT were mainly degraded from TBT based on antifouling paints of vessel etc. and other sources, such as DBT and MBT, could be ignored. The butyltin degradation indexes ([DBT] + [MBT]/[TBT]) were in the range of 1.5～3.3 (mean 2.5), indicating that the parent compound, TBT, were inflowed into the surface sediments a long years ago and degraded.

In this study, the material cycle model was applied to suggest alternative management of water quality for Jeju Harbor. The distribution of COD, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen) and DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus) concentrations was reasonably reproduced by simulations on the model area of the Jeju Harbor using a material cycle model. The simulations of COD, DIN and DIP concentrations were performed under the conditions of 20～100% pollution loadings reductions from pollution sources. In case of the 100% reduction of the input loads from Sanzi river, concentrations of COD, DIN and DIP were reduced to 39%, 78% and 52%, respectively at Jeju harbor. In contrast, in case of the pollutant loadings reductions from sediment, the effect of DIN and DIP reduction relatively seemed to increase around the center of study area. The 95% reduction of the pollutant loadings from river and sediment is required to meet the COD and nutrients concentration of second grade of ocean water quality criteria.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of water quality in Jeju harbor and to estimate pollutant loadings discharged into Jeju Harbor. To know characteristics of water quality in Jeju harbor and pollutant loadings of Sanzi river, we have investigated from August, 2000 to May, 2001. The results showed that the concentrations of COD, DIN and DIP were in the range of 1.00～4.85㎎/L (mean 2.15㎎/L), 2.14～74.0㎍-at/L(mean 12.20㎍-at/L) and 0.52～4.00㎍-at/L(mean 1.18㎍-at/L), respectively. These values were under Ⅲ class of seawater quality criteria. The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was lower than 16 except for Station 1 in Jeju harbor. Therefore, nitrogen was playing an important role in phytoplankton growth as limiting factor in Jeju harbor. The mean values of eutrophication index were exceeding 1, which was the eutrophication criteria. The results of estimating pollutant loadings at Sanzi river are 0.30 ton/day for COD, 300㎏/day for DIN and 18.0㎏/day for DIP, respectively.

본 연구는 제주도 돼지 풀 군락군(Ambrosia artemisiifolia val. elatior community group)의 현존 식생을 파악하기 위해 식물사회학적 방법을 적용하여 실시되었다. 조사된 식물상의 총 출현종수는 48과 156속, 200종 28변종 2품종(귀화식물 20과 54속 69종 3변종 포함)이 생육하고 있다. 제주도 돼지풀 (Ambrosia artemisitfolia var. elatior)군락군은 개망초 - 큰망초군락(Erigeron annuus - Conyza sumatrensis community Miyawaki, 1982)과 환삼덩굴- 왕고들빼기 군집(Lactuco indicae - Humuletum japonicae Okuda, 1978), 개보리 - 울산도깨비 바늘 군락(Bromus tectorum - Bidens pilose community Miyawaki, 1982), 강아지 풀- 왕바랭이 군락(Setaria viridis - Eleusine indica community Miyawaki, 1982 )으로 대별되었다. 돼지풀은 해안에서 해발 1,500미터 한라산 영실까지 분포하고 있었다. 돼지풀의 우점도와 군도가 가장 높은 곳은 해발 345미터, 조천읍 선흘리 근처이며 ,가장 낮은 곳은 해발 1,020미터인 국립공원 서귀포시 영실, 근처이다.

Fifteen major naturally populated habitats around the Mt. Halla, Jeju province for wild Cornus kousa are mostly located on the southeast side of the mountains at 850-1,550m in altitude at sea level and are in half sunney areas. More than 40.0% of the naturally populated area of Cornus kousa are edge of forest areas and 53.3% populate on the steep slope of the mountain in 0-5°. The direction of the slop for about 40.0% of total populated areas is southeast. In the naturally populated areas, total of 64 taxa dividing into 42 families, 59 genera, 56 species and 8 varieties have been shown, mostly Hydrangea petiolaris, Rubus oldhamii, Ilex crenata, Sasa quelpaertensis, Ligustrum obtusifolium. It is suggested that these areas are secondary forest in a typical deciduous forest in Mt. Halla where the second transition had been progressed after forest damage or environmental stress. The index of species diversity of plant groups in these areas is 1.286-4.238 based on the Shannon-Wiener's method.

본 연구는 제주도의 개민들레군락군(Hypochoeris radicata community group)에 대하여 식물 사회학적 방법으로 현존식생을 파악하기 위하여 실시하였다. 1. 조사지역에서 출현하는 관속식물상은 47과 136속 171종 22변종 1품종 (귀화식 물 16과 47속 64종 3변종 포함)이 확인되었다. 2 제주도에 분포하는 개민들레(Hypochoeris radicata)군락군은 식생학적으로 기 보고된 표징종에 의해서 개망초 - 큰망초군락(Erigeron annuus - Conyza sumatrensis community Miyawaki 1982)과 갯강아지 풀 - 갯 잔디 군락(Setaria viridis var. pachystachs -Zoysia sinica community)으로 대별되었다. 3. 개민들레는 해안에서 해발 1,700m 윗세 오름까지 분포하고 있었다. 4. 개민들레의 우점도와 군도가 가장 높은 곳은 해발 120m 서귀포시 서흥동 근처이며 , 가장 낮은 곳은 해발 2m인 남제주 성산리 해안지역이다. 5. 금번조사 중 제주도에서 처음으로 벼과의 고사리새(Catapodium rigidium)가 발견되었다.