For the important safety system, two or more units of identical equipment or redundant components with similar function were installed to prevent abnormal failure. If the failure probability of such equipment is independent, this redundancy could increase the system safety remarkably. However, if the failure of each component is highly correlated by installing in a structure or experiencing an earthquake event, the expected redundancy effect will decrease. Therefore, the seismic correlation of the equipment should be evaluated quantitatively for the seismic probabilistic safety assessment. The correlation effect can be explained in the procedure of constructing fragility curves. In this study, several methodologies to quantify the seismic correlation in the failure probability calculation for multiple components were reviewed and two possible ways considering the realistic situation were selected. Simple examples were tested to check the applicability of these methods. The conversion method between these two methods was suggested to render the evaluation using the advantages of each method possible.

The purpose of this study is to review the relationship between CEO's transformational leadership and performance, and the mediating effect of corporate entrepreneurship in entrepreneurs’cooperative. In order to verify and achieve the purposes mentioned above, questionnaire data were gathered and analysed from 379 employees of entrepreneurs’cooperative in Kangwon-do province. Empirical survey's findings are as follows; First, charisma and individual consideration appeared to be positively related with risk-taking and proactiveness. Also, intellectual stimulation appeared to be positively related with proactiveness only. Second, charisma and individual consideration appeared to be positively related with sales volume and employment increase, but intellectual stimulation appeared to be positively related with employment increase only. Third, corporate entrepreneurship(risk-taking, proactiveness) appeared to be positively related with sales volume and employment increase. Fourth, corporate entrepreneurship(risk-taking, proactiveness) had mediating effect on the relationship between CEO's transformational leadership and performance. But, intellectual stimulation had not mediating effect

The Purpose of this study is to compare occupational accident rate of unionized and non-unionized company and to investigate influences of labor relations on occupational accident rate in Korean manufacturing and construction Industry. Data in 2011 Occupational safety and Health Trend Survey were analyzed for this study. Results show that the occupational accident rate was lower in unionized company than non-unionized company. And amicable labor relationship reduces the occupational accident rate. The policy should be needed to support labor union and improve labor relationship to prevent industrial accidents.

밀양 23호/기호벼 유래 164 RILs(F17)을 이용하여, 종자의 휴면과 관련이 있는 수발아 저항성, 건열 저항성 및 종자수명을 검정하고, 이들 상호간 상관관계를 조사하였다. 출수 40일째에 밀양23호와 기호벼의 수발아율은 0%, 7%이었고, M/G RILs은 0~50.9%의 범위를 보였으며, 평균 3.2%였다. 90℃, 24시간 건열처리후 밀양23호와 기호벼는 99.2%, 37.6%의 발아율을 보였고, T50은 2.7일, 12.9일로 유의한 차이를 보였으며, M/G RILs의 평균 발아율은 72.4%였다. 상온저장 한 종자수명은 밀양23호는 수확후 3.5년까지도 80% 이상의 종자 발아율을 유지하였으나, 기호벼는 18개월 후부터 급격히 발아력이 감소하여(30%이하), 42개월 후 발아력을 완전히 상실하였다. M/G RILs의 종자활력은 수확후 42개월까지 71계통이 90%이상의 발아율을 보였다. 수발아 저항성, 건열 저항성 및 종자수명은 밀양 23호와 기호벼 간에 뚜렷한 품종간 차이를 보였으며, M/G RILs은 양친의 중간값에 가까운 평균값을 보였다. 건열저항성과 종자수명 간에는 고도로 유의한 정의 상관관계를 보였고, 수발아와 종자수명, 수발아와 건열저항성 간에는 부의 상관관계가 성립하였다.

This study started with two questions. The first question is ‘Why does organic agriculture want to be linked with cooperative?’ The second is ‘What is the charac-teristics of the mutual relationship between organic agriculture and cooperative?’, especially in Wonju. Up to now, there have been various kinds of discussion about cooperation between organic agricultural campaign and cooperative in Wonju. But there are few concrete data showing what role cooperative plays in the cyclical process of production -distribution-consumption of organic agriculture. Thus, we conducted a survey applying the Delphi technique to the 35 organic agricultural specialists active in Wonju. First, small-scale family farm producers established a social economic cooperative network in around 2003 to perform ‘the activities of innovators’ through forming an organization. Producers moved from the stage in which they were supported one-sidedly by consumers to the stage where they could ‘lead’ cooperation. Each farm organization built a vertical integration, and horizontal cooperative systems with other farm organizations. But, practical cooperative activities have remained in the doldrums. They tend to show trends deviating from the principles of organic agriculture and cooperative. Second, the relationship between producers and consumers in Wonju can be described as ‘producer-consumer cooperative type’. In Wonju, the producers’ organization is not a sub-contractor which simply deliver organic agricultural products to producers’ cooperative, but is an equal subject which creates its own value chain. The cooper-ative (cooperative organization) leads distribution and consumption of organic agricultural products and mutual communication. But, the closeness between pro-ducers and consumers has got loosened. And, it is problematic that the proportion of local food consumption in Wonju is very low. There is a very strong tendency to ride the central distribution system of producers’ cooperative coalition. Conse-quently, it is necessary for producers’ cooperatives in Wonju to run a local food distribution system based on the ‘cooperative system among cooperatives’.