The public safety management guidelines were introduced in 2019 and continue to be dedicated to advancing comprehensive measures for public safety management, with a primary focus on prioritizing the safety and well-being of the public within governmental institutions. To achieve this goal, our previous study developed a establishment procedure of risk assessment-based safety inspection system for public institutions that order construction projects and applied it to highway construction projects to evaluate its effectiveness. To enhance the practicality of the establishment procedure, it is essential to collect and analyze feedback from stakeholders regarding its performance and suitability. This study conducted a survey involving 200 participants who had experience with the establishment procedure, and performed statistical analyses to evaluate its performance and applicability. The survey results indicated that the participants reported a high level of satisfaction (scoring 4 and above on a 5-point Likert scale) in several areas: specialization of safety inspection items for different types of work (with a satisfaction rate of 65%), the evaluation process for safety ratings (64.5%), and their willingness to recommend the procedure to other institutions (75.5%). In the factor analysis with Varimax rotation, two factors emerged: (1) a specialization factor related to safety inspection items, and (2) a grading factor associated with safety evaluation results. Regression analyses of these factors unveiled significant positive relationships with improvements in safety and health performance, including the prevention of fatal accidents, heightened safety responsibility, and raised safety inspection standards. The establishment procedure of safety inspection system developed in our previous study can play a crucial role in reducing accidents resulting in fatalities and injuries at construction sites, ultimately contributing to a safer working environment for all involved parties.

우리 민법 제667조 이하에서는 수급인의 담보책임에 대해 규정하고 있는데, 동 규정들은 건축도급에 있어서의 원수급인과 하수급인 사이에서도 당연히 적용된다. 그리고 제757조에서는 도급인은 수급인이 제3자에게 가한 손해를 배상할 책임이 없다고 규정하고 있으므로, 건축하수급인이 제3자에게 손해를 가하였더라도 원수급인은 책임을 지지 않는다고 해석하여야 한다. 그러나 우리 대법원은 원수급인이라 하더라도 하수급인이 제3자에게 입힌 손해에 대해 사용자책임을 부담할 수 있는 가능성을 열어두고 있다. 즉, 이러한 해법은 하수 급인도 경우를 나누어 전문가로서의 수급인이 아닌 경우가 있을 수 있음을 반증하는 태도라고 할 것이다. 따라서 이러한 관점에 입각할 경우에는 우리 민법 제667조 이하의 수급인의 담보책임 또한 원수급인과 하수급인 사이에 언제나 적용되어야 하는 것인지에 대해 고민할 필요가 있다. 즉, 전문적인 건설역량이 부족한 건축하수급인에 대해서도 무과실의 하자담보책임을 지우는 것이 과연 무과실책임인 담보책임의 도입배경인 형평의 원칙에 부합하는 것인지 고민할 필요가 있다.다음으로, 우리 건설산업기본법에서는 “하수급인은 하도급받은 건설공사의 시공에 관하여는 발주자에 대하여 수급인과 같은 의무를 진다.”라고 규정하고 있는데, 동조의 규정에 근거하여 하수급인과 발주자의 관계를 법정채권관계로 설명하는 주장들도 없지 않다. 그러나 하수급인과 발주자 사이에는 아무런 계약 관계가 존재하지 않음에도 불구하고 과연 그와 같이 이해할 수 있는지는 의문 이다. 더욱이 우리 민법 제391조에서는 이행보조자의 과실을 채무자의 과실로 보기 때문에 건축하수급인이 공사를 조악하게 하여 완공된 공사에 하자가 발생 하더라도 원수급인은 발주자에 대하여 무과실의 하자담보책임을 부담하므로 발주자가 건축하수급인을 상대로 계약책임을 물을 실익이 과연 존재하는지도 의문이다. 요컨대, 건축하수급인과 발주자의 관계를 법정채권관계로 보는 것은 그 논리정합성의 측면이나 현실적인 실익의 측면에서도 문제가 없지 않다. 이상과 같은 문제인식에 기초할 경우, 프랑스법에서의 해결방안은 우리 법에 서의 관련 규정들의 해석적용에 있어서 시사하는 바가 적지 않다. 우선, 프랑스 민법의 해석론은 일반법인 민법전에서의 일정한 규정이 일반인과 전문가에게 적용되기 위하여 설계되었다면, 당해 조문은 더 이상 전문가와 전문가 사이 에서는 적용될 수 없으며 이들 사이의 책임문제를 규율하기 위해서는 일반 원칙에 입각하여 해결하고자 한다는 점에서 법논리의 정합성을 추구하고자 하는 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 프랑스법에서의 해결책을 고려할 때, 우리 법에서의 전형계약으로서의 도급계약의 운용에 있어서도 전문가와 일반인 사이, 전문가와 전문가 사이, 일반인과 일반인 사이를 구분하지 않고 그 모든 관계에 있어서 차별없이 적용할 수 있는지에 대해서 고민할 필요가 있다. 다음으로, 프랑스민법 제1792조 이하의 규정들에서는 발주자의 건축하수급인을 상대로 한 책임소권의 행사기간과 관련하여, 제1792조 이하에서 상정하는 하자들의 심각성에 따라 그 기간 또한 공사의 수령시로부터 기산하여 2년 또는 10년으로 나눈다. 그러나 프랑스민법 제1792조의 규정들 중 건축하수급인에 대한 규정은 책임발생의 기산점이나 책임기간을 원수급인의 그것과 하수급인의 그 것을 달리할 경우에 빚어질 수 있는 혼란을 제거하기 위함이지, 건축하수급인의 발주자에 대한 책임을 계약책임으로 성질결정하고자 마련된 규정이 아니다. 즉, 동일한 건축하자에 대해서는 계약책임으로서의 담보책임을 부담하는 건축인 이건 불법행위책임을 부담하는 건축하수급이건 동일한 내용의 책임을 지게 한다는 점이 주목할만하다.

The cooperative relationship between Employer and Contractor in the construction industry is the most important factor to achieve the project success. Employer shall draw the Contractor’s cooperative behavior during executing the project. A study on the impact of the Owner’s power on the contractor’s cooperative behavior is rare in the construction industry in Korea even though the negative impact of the high-power distance between the Employer and the Contractor has been a hot issue in Korea. In this empirical study, it is shown that the Employer’s power can address the contractor’s cooperative behavior. The respondents were mostly employees in the domestic construction companies who have experienced in the construction projects. The total number of respondents was 317 effectively. The multiple regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 were conducted to verify the hypotheses. In conclusion, the Mediated Power is positively associated with the In-Role Behavior and with the Extra-Role Behavior. Some of Non-Mediated Power is positively associated with the In-Role Behavior and with the Extra-Role Behavior. It seems that the Contract underestimate the Employer’s Expert Power. It was known that the cooperative power caused by Non-Mediated Power is good for long term relationship of the business to business transaction. So it is highly recommended that the Employer shall foster its expertise.

This study analyzed the major change of revised Construction Technology Promotion Act in the field of safety management. In order to increase the execution of the system of construction safety management, Construction Technology Promotion Act was revised at the end of 2018. The key issues were founded in the system of safety management plan, regular safety inspection by external professional organization, and irregular safety inspection by clients. By revised law, the role and responsibility of construction clients was enforced and the clients were recognized as leading participants in construction safety management.

This paper developed the guideline for the safety and health(S&H) file drawn by a client in construction plan stage. According to the announcement of revised Occupational Safety Health Act(February 9, 2018), the construction client should make or manage the three S&H files in the plan, design, and work stages respectively. By analyzing S&H management systems led by the client and surveying the opinion of construction participators, the contents and practical method of the S&H file in the plan stage was proposed. Client should control hazard in construction site through the S&H file. And, it should include important S&H condition dealt with design and work stages as well as selection method of competent designer and contractors with S&H capacity.

This paper investigates the safety and health role processes that the client should perform at each phase of the construction project. Since the client is one of the top decision makers in the whole construction project, the client should give roles and responsibilities for safety and health of workers. Advanced system of occupational safety and health management led by the client was analyzed in order to actively participate in occupational accident prevention activities according to the client’s authority. The role of the client in the overall construction work such as planning, design and construction process was derived.

The purpose of this study is to provide client safety and health management duty in the construction industry. Most regulations did not give direct roles and duty to client in construction industry. As a result of the survey on construction workers who have the greatest influence on the prevention of industrial accidents, the clients and constructors chose contractor the most. Safety managers and supervisors chose client the most. Therefore, it is necessary to manage safety and health centered on the client in order to prevent fundamental disasters.