PURPOSES : This paper proposes an artificial neural network (ANN)-based real-time traffic signal time design model using real-time field data available at intersections equipped with smart intersections. The proposed model generates suitable traffic signal timings for the next cycle, which are assumed to be near the optimal values based on a set of counted directional real-time traffic volumes. METHODS : A training dataset of optimal traffic signal timing data was prepared through the CORSIM Optimal Signal Timing program developed for this study to find the best signal timings, minimizing intersection control delays estimated with CORSIM and a heuristic searching method. The proposed traffic signal timing design model was developed using a training dataset and an ANN learning process. To determine the difference between the traditional pre-time model primarily used in practice and the proposed model, a comparison test was conducted with historical data obtained for a month at a specific intersection in Uiwang, Korea. RESULTS : The test results revealed that the proposed method could reduce control delays for most of the day compared to the existing methods, excluding the peak hour periods when control delays were similar. This is because existing methods focus only on peak times in practice. CONCLUSIONS : The results indicate that the proposed method enhances the performance of traffic signal systems because it rapidly provides alternatives for all-day cycle periods. This would also reduce the management cost (repeated field data collection) required to increase the performance to that level. A robust traffic-signal timing design model (e.g., ANN) is required to handle various combinations of directional demands.

PURPOSES : In this study, analyze the characteristics of IOC indicator 'threshold' which is needed when evaluating the traffic signal operation status with ESPRESSO in various grade road traffic environment of Seoul metropolitan city and derive suggested value to use in field practice. METHODS : Using the computerized database program (Postgresql), we extracted data with regional characteristics (Arterial, Collector road) and temporal characteristics (peak hour, non-peak hour). Analysis of variance and Duncan's validation were performed using statistical analysis program (SPSS) to confirm whether the extracted data contains statistical significance. RESULTS: The analysis period of the main and secondary arterial roads was confirmed to be suitable from 14 days to 60 days. For the arterial, it is suggested to use 20 km/h as the critical speed for PM peak hour and weekly non peak hour. It is suggested to use 25 km/h as the critical speed for AM peak hour and night non peak hour. As for the collector road, it is suggested to use 20 km/h as the critical speed for PM peak hour and weekly non peak hour. It is suggested to use 30 km/h as the critical speed for AM peak hour and night non peak hour. CONCLUSIONS : It is meaningful from a methodological point of view that it is possible to make a reasonable comparative analysis on the signal intersection pre-post analysis when the signal operation DB is renewed by breaking the existing traffic signal operation evaluation method.

회전교차로의 운영 효율성과 안전성과 같은 장점은 국․내외 많은 연구에서 논의되고 있다. 이런 회전교차 로의 장점 중 높은 운영 효율은 신호 대기로 인한 불필요한 제어지체를 최소화시키기 때문에 발생한다. 하지 만 일정 교통량 이상의 경우에는 교차로 내 잠긴 현상 등으로 인해 지체가 발생하여 오히려 운영 효율이 낮 아진다. 이런 이유로 회전교차로는 많은 장점에도 불구하고 활발한 도입이 이루어지고 있지 않은 상황이다. 회전교차로 전환의 국내 기준은 회전교차로 설계지침(국토해양부, 2010)에 나타나 있다. 회전교차로 설 계지침에서는 회전교차로 전환 기준을 일교통량 1차로형 12,000대/일 이하, 2차로형 20,000대/일 이하, 첨두시 진입로의 차로당 교통량 125~450대/시, 좌회전 비율 30% 미만으로 제시하고 있다. 이처럼 설계 지침 상의 교통량 기준은 기초적인 기준을 제시하고 있으며, 매우 보우적인 기준을 적용시키고 있다. 회전교차로에서 많은 교통량을 처리할 수 있는 대표적인 방안은 신호 동시 운영 회전교차로의 도입이 다. 하지만 신호 운영 회전교차로는 신호교차로와 마찬가지로 불필요한 제어지체를 발생시킨다. 이소영 등(2012)은 이런 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 방안으로 회전교차로에 램프 미터링 시스템 도입을 제안하였으 나, 이는 많은 비용이 소요될 것으로 판단되어 다른 운영 형태와의 효율성 비교가 필요하다고 판단된다. 이에 이 연구에서는 신호교차로와 회전교차로를 교대로 운영하는 교차로를 제안하고 운영 효율성을 분 석하고자 한다. 연구의 목적은 회전교차로에 첨두시 신호 운영 방안을 제안하고, 지체 분석을 통해 이런 교차로의 운영 효율 측면을 분석하는데 있다. 연구의 흐름은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문헌연구를 통하여 회전교차로의 특성 및 제약 조건 등을 살펴보고, 국내외 연구를 고찰한다. 둘째, 국내 교통 운영 자료를 통해 회전교차로의 운영 특성을 분석한다.. 셋째, 설계 기준 및 교통량 자료를 토대로 신호 운영 시나리오를 구축하고, aaSIDRA를 통해 시나리오별 지체를 분석한다. 마지막으로 연구의 결과를 정리하고 향후 과제를 제시한다. 분석을 위한 시나리오는 표 1과 같다. 총 540개의 시나리오를 분석하였으며, 회전교차로 6 유형, 진입 교통량을 100대부터 1,500대까지 100대 간격, 6가지 회전 비율을 토대로 하였다.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to propose delay-minimizing operation methodology of a signalized intersection based upon optimization of lane-uses on approaching lanes for an intersection. METHODS: For the optimization model of lane-uses, a set of constraints are set up to ensure feasibility and safety of the lane-uses, traffic flow, and signal settings. Minimization of demand to saturation flow ratio of a dual-ring signal control system is introduced to the objective function for delay minimization and effective signal operation. Using the optimized lane-uses, signal timings are optimized by delay-based model of TRANSYT-7F. RESULTS : It was found that the proposed objective function is great relation with delay time for an intersection. From the experimental results, the method was approved to be effective in reducing delay time. Especially, cases for two left-turn lanes reduced greater delays than those for a left turn lane. It is noticed that the cases for different traffic volume by approach reduced greater delays than those for the same traffic volume by approach. CONCLUSIONS : It was concluded that the objective function is proper for lane-uses optimizing model and the operation method is effective in reducing delay time for signalized intersections.

Abstract 1. 서론 2. 연구방법 3. 사고현황 및 특성 3.1 고령운전자의 교차로 교통사고 3.2 신호기 운영방법 및 작동상태에 따른 사고 특성 3.3 차로폭에 따른 사고 특성 4. 결론 5. 참고문헌