본 연구는 시료 및 스펙트럼의 전처리 방법이 근적외선 분광법을 이용한 옥수수 사일리지의 화학적 조성분의 예측능력에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. 시료의 전처리 방법은 건조하여 분쇄하는 방법(Oven Dried Grinding), 액화 질소처리 후 분쇄하는 방법(Liquid Nitrogen Grinding) 그리고 생사일리지(Intact Fresh)처리로 하였으며 4개의 스펙트럼의 수처리(1,4,4, 2,6,4, 2,10,5) 방법을 이용하여

To elucidate the effect of feeding differently prepared CaCO3 (industrially purified limestone) on laying performance, egg shell quality and serum calcium and phosphorus concentration, totally 288 layers (52 wks old), with 16 birds per replicate, 3 replicates per treatment for six treatments were employed into the series of CaCO3 treatments followed by feeding study. Six CaCO3 treatment and diet preparation includes mash diet with naturally sized CaCO3 (MNaC), mash diet with coarsely particled CaCO3 (MCoC), mash diet with finely particled CaCO3 (MFiC), pelleted diet with naturally sized CaCO3 (PNaC), pelleted diet with casein coated CaCO3 (PCnC) and pelleted diet with agar coated CaCO3 (PAgC). Hen day egg production of the bird fed both fine CaCO3 and pelleted CaCO3 were lower (p<0.05) than those fed other CaCO3 diets. Although there is no difference in average egg weight among treatments, the weight tended to be heavier once the egg production rate was low. There is no difference in feed conversion ratio (intake/egg) among treatments. Egg shell thickness was the highest (p<0.05) with feeding of MCoC whereas the value was the lowest with feeding of pelleted CaCO3 diet. Although there is some difference in egg shell thickness, the shell breaking forces were not significantly different among treatments. Calcium content of the shell was the lowest (p<0.05) in the egg from the layer fed finely particled CaCO3. Serum Ca content tended to decrease up to 8 hrs after feeding, then tended to increase afterwards. Although both agar and casein coating of CaCO3 tended to retard the recovering increase of blood Ca, the difference needed to be clarified with individual ovulation cycle. Serum P level was generally decreased as time passed after feeding. Crude protein utilizability was the highest with feeding of agar coated CaCO3 and that of fat was higher with hens fed pelleted diets. Both ash and P utilizabilities of diet with finely particled CaCO3 were the highest among treatment although there were no differences in both energy and Ca utilizabilities. Conclusively, both the particle size of CaCO3 and pelleting of CaCO3 diet could affect shell quality of the egg. The effect was more evident by the differentiation of CaCO3 particle size than any other processing such as pelleting and coating.

Anaerobically treated food wastewater still contains high concentration of organic carbon and nitrogen. Consequently,subsequent treatments are needed to meet the effluent criteria of wastewater. Injection of treated food wastewater into awaste landfill body could be one alternative for its subsequent treatment. In this study, preliminary experiments wereconducted to inject treated food wastewater into waste landfill body. Firstly, Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) testwas conducted to evaluate the methane generation potential of the injected food wastewater. Secondly, anaerobicallytreated food wastewater showed clogging problem during the initial stage of laboratory scale lysimeter injectionexperiment. Accordingly, pretreatments were needed, and we experimented the change of viscosity of the wastewater afterchemical injection (1N acid or base solution) or aeration of wastewater. From the results, BMP for the treated foodwastewater showed 373.8mL CH4/g VS, which was 53% of untreated food wastewater’s. Practically feasible solution toreduce the viscosity of treated food wastewater was 1 day aeration before injection into the waste landfill body.

The most effective chemical pretreatment method for Scenedesmus dimorphus was evaluated based on solubilization rate and saccharification yield. When 1% of S. dimorphus with 0.5 N of chemicals such as HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, NaOH and KOH was autoclaved at 120oC and 1.1 atm for 60 min, the solubilization rate was high with alkali chemicals while the saccharification yield was low compared to that with acid chemicals. The pretreatment efficiency was significant in order in HNO3, HCl and H2SO4, however, HCl would be effective for field application considering the cost. The proper concentration and time to treat with HCl were concluded in 1 N and 10 min. In the conditions with 1 : 1 mixed acid chemicals such as H2SO4+ HNO3, HCl + HNO3 and HCl + H2SO4, the solubilization rate was similar to that with single acid treatment, while the saccharification yield was enhanced about 34% in the mixed condition with H2SO4 and HNO3 compared to that treated with H2SO4.

초임계 이산화탄소를 건조 전처리 방법으로 사용하여 사과의 성분변화를 관찰하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 초임계 이산화탄소 온도와 압력이 증가 할수록 생과일과 무처리구 보다 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. Vitamin C, 유리당 및 유기산의 함량은 전처리 구간이 무처리구 보다 낮았고, 초임계 이산화탄소 압력과 온도 따라 큰 차이는 없었다. 이와 같은 결과는 초임계 이산화탄소의 용매적 특성이 핵산에 가까워 극성물질에 대한 용해력이 높지 않은 상태에서 고압으로