근래의 육종산업에 있어서 재래 혹은 토착품종 등 고유 가축유전자원의 효율적인 보존 및 관리는 중요한 관심사이다. 본 연구는 제주재래돼지와 외래돼지 품종들간의 유전적 다양성, 집단의 구성 및 근연관계를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 제주재래돼지, Landrace, Yorkshire, Berkshire 등 4품종 총 200개체를 대상으로 30개 초위성체 마커를 대상으로 대립유전자를 분석한 결과, 전체 265개의 대립유전자가 관찰되었다. 대립유전자 수의 범위는 5개(SW168)에서 22개(S0005)였으며, 전체 좌위에 대한 평균 값은 8.83개로 산출되었다. 30개 마커에 대한 기대 및 관측 이형접합도의 평균치는 0.731 및 0.615, 다형정보지수의 평균값은 0.697로 확인되었다. 제주재래돼지의 유전적 다양성은 외래 품종에 비하여 낮게 나타났다. 계통유전학적 유연관계, 요인대응분석 및 집단구조 분석 결과, 제주재래돼지는 서양유래의 상용품종과 유전적으로 명확히 구분되었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 제주재래돼지의 유전적 고유성 및 유전자원으로써 가치판단을 위한 과학적 근거가 될 것으로 사료된다.
The aim of this study was to develop the production of crossbred pigs suitable to the Korean consumers’demand. Crossbred (Jeju native pig × Landrace) pigs (n=175) at the age of 200 days, approximately classified into three slaughter weight groups (59~95 kg, 96~110 kg and 111~148 kg) were used to investigate the carcass traits and retail cuts characteristics. We have chosen longissimus dorsi, triceps brachii, biceps femoris, semimembranosus muscles, shoulder butt, thoracic vertebra (5-11th) and last thoracic vertebra for investigations of aforementioned parameters. The results showed that the 111~148 kg group had larger loin area, higher scores for meat color, quality and carcass grade than the other remaining groups (p<0.05). Weights of shoulder butt, rib, picnic shoulder, loin, belly, tenderloin, ham retail cuts, lean meat, fat and bone increased with increasing carcass weight (p<0.05). Ratios of shoulder butt, picnic shoulder, tenderloin, ham, lean meat, skin and bone in the 59~95 kg group were higher than that of the other groups (p<0.05). Ratios of belly in the 96~110 kg group were higher than that in the 59~95 kg group (p<0.05) but similar to the ratios of the 111~148 kg group. Total length, longest length and shortest length of belly increased with increasing carcass weight (p<0.05). Additionally, the longest width and shortest width of belly in 59~95 kg group were lower (p<0.05) than that in the other remaining groups. Length of shoulder butt increased with increasing carcass weight (p<0.05) whereas, the width of shoulder butt showed no differences between the groups. Weights of triceps brachii of picnic shoulder, biceps femoris and semimembranosus muscles of ham increased with increasing carcass weight (p<0.05). Overall, the crossbred pigs of 111~148 kg group possessed better quality and carcass grade however, the yield of belly in 96~110 kg group was higher than the other groups. Based on the consumption preference of Korean consumers therefore, the slaughter weight of crossbred pigs at ≥96 kg could produce higher economic benefit.