In the context of world economic integration, Vietnam's market-oriented economy is facing many opportunities and also many challenges. Market factors are gradually dominating and dominating economic activities, affecting overall economic achievements and in almost all production and consumption sectors. Shipping in general and shipping by the sea, in particular, is one of the economic sectors most affected by the process of openness and international economic integration. As government intervention in the economy decreases, the fluctuations in the total output of the economy, according to the cycle theory, are considered more. Continuous fluctuations and cyclical themselves are made up of variables related to the results of production and business of economic sectors, which transport goods by sea are one of them. Quantitative analysis is being used in many types of research on economic and financial fields in the world as well as in Vietnam. For a more holistic, comprehensive, and scientific view, the use of a powerful quantitative tool, it allows assessment of multidimensional relationships between macro variables and variables that reflect the industry's production results. The Vector Autoregression (VAR) is one of the reasonably standard quantitative models used to determine the multidimensional relationship between economic factors supposedly related to each other. Use this model to analyze the relationship between some key macroeconomic indicators and the volume of goods transported by sea in Vietnam. The author finds that there is a relatively close relationship between import and export turnover of goods and sea transport output. This result suggests many policy ideas to develop both international trade and shipping activities in Vietnam in the current period. On the other hand, the quantitative model used in the project can be applied at the enterprise level to help managers identify the impact of economic fluctuations on production and business results. On that basis, appropriate decisions will be made in the context of ongoing short-term economic fluctuations.

In recent years China has experienced two forms of extreme macroeconomic imbalance: an expenditure imbalance in the sense of very high investment and very low consumption, giving rise to rapid capital accumulation; and an imbalance between expenditure and production, producing external imbalance, i.e. a huge surplus on the current account of the balance of payments. This paper explores the current state of the external imbalance in China, and reviews the factors underlying the pre-2008 rising and the post-2008 drop in China’s current account surplus. The paper says that China’s current account surplus must be modest in recent years. However, despite the fact that China’s recent current account is likely to stay below its precrisis range, it is too early to conclude that “rebalancing” has been truly achieved in China. Certainly, the policy thrust of the 12th Five Year Plan is very much focused on raising household income, boosting consumption, and facilitating an expansion of the service sector. In the coming years, if these ongoing structural reforms are implemented, China does have the potential to hand-off from an investment-driven to a consumption-driven decline in its external imbalance.

According to Granger causality test, yield of Cooperate Bond and export amount of Machinery have a meaning at statistical Confidence level of 10%. In case of index of the unit cost of export and export amount of Machinery, they have an interactive Granger cause. In yen dollar exchange rate and export amount of Machinery, former variable gives an unilateral Granger cause to latter that. Also, call rate gives an unilateral Granger cause to export amount of Machinery. In case of M3 & export amount of Machinery, former variable have an influence on latter that at 5% Confidence level.

ISO 9000 is a management standard that provides customers with assurance thu their registered suppliers have a consistent quality system to which they adhere. this paper draws on four sources to show how ISO 9000 can lead to performance improvement. 1)theories of induces innovation and improvisation 2) the literature on ISO 9000 3) a case study of a telecom company. we find that the extent to which ISO 9000 is associated with performance improvement depends on the level of its assimilation, and the degree to which an organization goes beyond the minimal requirements of the standard.

이 논문은 거시경제변수가 유럽, 호주, 한국의 주식시장 변동성에서 시간에 따른 변화(Time Variation)를 설명할 수 있는지에 관하여 조사하는데에 목적을 두고 있다. 그리고 이 논문은 미국에서 발표된 논문들의 결과와 달리 많은 경우에서 주식시장 변동성의 시간에 따른 변화가 과거의 화폐적 또는 실물적 거시경제 요소의 변화 가능성에서 통계적으로 유의하게 영향을 받는 지를 알 수 있었다. 따라서 자본 및 포트폴리오 배분에 대한 중요한 의미를 가지고 있다. 한국의 경우 경제회복에 따라 통화와 산업생산의 변동성 증가가 이뤄지면 주식시장의 성장에 중요한 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다. G7국가중에서 상대적으로 소규모국가인 이태리와 네덜란드에서도 위에서와 같은 결과들을 발견할 수 있었다. 한편 한국에서 특이한 점은 경제회복 이후에는 산업생산증가율의 증가가 통화량의 증가보다 더 주식시장에 중요한 영향을 줄 것 임을 알 수 있다.

The relatively rapid rising trend of crime rates in marine situations leads to social concerns in Korea. This study reviews some theoretical backgrounds of the economics of crime and applies econometric models to Korean marine crimes. This research finds that there is a negative relationship between marine crime rates and unemployment rates and a positive relationship between the price level and marine crimes in Korea. The other finding results are that unemployment elasticities are higher in the 1980s and price elasticities are higher in th 1990s in comparison with the results of the other periods. This findings are incompatible with the previous theoretical researches in advanced countries. These findings show that In rapidly growing economy, marine crime occurrence is proportional to marine economic activity frequency. This result may reflect that marine crimes are different from land crimes.

The primary purpose of the study is to investigate the volatility spillovers from global economic policy uncertainty and macroeconomic factors to the Islamic stock market returns. The study focuses on the Islamic stock indices of emerging economies including Indonesia, Malaysia, and Turkey. The Macroeconomic factors are industrial production, consumer price index, exchange rate. EGARCH model is employed for investigation of volatility spillovers. The results show that the global economic policy uncertainty has a significant spillover effect only on the returns of Turkish Islamic stock index. Similarly, the shocks in macroeconomic factors have little influence on the volatility of Islamic indices returns. The volatility of Indonesian and the Turkish Islamic stock indices returns is not influenced from the fluctuations in macroeconomic factors. However, there is significant volatility spillover only from industrial production to the returns of Malaysian Islamic index. The results suggest that the Islamic stock markets are less likely to influence from the global economic policies and macroeconomic factors. The stability of Islamic stocks provide opportunity for diversification of portfolios, particularly in stressed market conditions. The major price factors of Islamic markets could be firms’ specific factors or investors’ behaviors. The findings are helpful for policy makers and investors in formulating policies and portfolios.

This study aimed to explore the impact of macroeconomic (Real GDP growth (GDPG), Inflation rate (INF)) and bank –specific variables (profitability (ROA), capital adequacy (CADEQ), non-performing loans (NPL), deposit growth (DEPG)) on the liquidity (lIQ) of 13 listed Jordanian commercial banks for the period 2011-2018. Panel data analysis, Pooled least square, fixed effects model and random effects model, Lagrange multiplier test, and Hausman test were used. The random effects model output shows that, macroeconomic variables have a significant impact on Jordanian commercial banks liquidity since inflation has a positive impact while GDPG has a negative impact on banks (LIQ). On the other hand among the bank-specific variables capital adequacy and deposit growth have a positive significant impact on banks (LIQ), while (NPL) and (SIZE) have a negative significant impact on Jordanian commercial banks liquidity. But ROA has a negative insignificant impact on (LIQ). The findings of the study suggest that commercial banks departments need to pay attention to the economic and internal variables of banks in order to maintain acceptable levels of liquidity.

The paper revisits the author’s previous paper to examine short-run and long-run dynamic relationships between macroeconomic variables and stock prices in Korea. The data is updated to the period for which monthly data are available from January 1986 to June 2018 (390 observations) retrieved from the Bank of Korea. The results of Johansen cointegration test indicate that at least one cointegrating equation exists, confirming there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between macroeconomic variables and stock prices in Korea. The results of vector error correction estimates confirm that: 1) the coefficient of the error correction term is significant with a negative sign, which is, a long-run dynamic relationship is observed between macroeconomic variables and stock prices; 2) for short-run dynamics, the nominal exchange rate of the Korean won per the US dollar is positively related to stock prices, while interest rates are negatively related to stock prices in the short-run; 3) the coefficient of global financial crises is insignificant, that is, the changes of stock prices are determined largely by their own dynamics in the model. The results suggest only that the global financial crises neither cause instability in the cointegrating vector, nor affect significant changes in the endogenous variables in the model.

The objective of this study was to establish whether global macroeconomic indicators affect the profitability of Korean shipping companies by using panel regression analysis. OROA (operating return on assets) and ROA (ratio of net profit to assets) were selected as proxy variables for profitability. OROA and ROA were used as dependent variables. The world GDP growth rate, interest rate, exchange rate, stock index, bunker price, freight, demand and supply of the world shipping market were set as independent variables. The size of the firm was added to the control variable. For small-sized firms, OROA was not affect by macroeconomic indicators. However, ROA was affected by variables such as interest rates, bunker prices, and size of firms. For medium-sized firms, OROA was affected by demand, supply, GDP, freight, and asset variables. However, macroeconomic indicators did not affect ROA. For large-sized firms, freight, GDP, and stock index (SCI; Shanghai Composite Index) have an effect on OROA. ROA was analyzed to be influenced by bunker price and SCI.

This paper examines short-run and long-run dynamic relationships between selected macroeconomic variables and stock prices in the Korea Stock Exchange. The data is restricted to the period for which monthly data are available from January 1986 to October 2016 (370 observations) retrieved from the Economic Statistics System database sponsored by the Bank of Korea. The study employs unit root test, cointegration test, vector error correction estimates, impulse response test, and structural break test. The results of the Johansen cointegration test indicate at least three cointegrating equations exist at the 0.05 level in the model, confirming that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between stock prices and macroeconomic variables in Korea. The results of vector error correction model (VECM) estimates indicate that money supply and short-term interest rate are not related to stock prices in the short-run. However, exchange rate is positively related to stock prices while the industrial production index and inflation are negatively related to stock prices in the short-run. Furthermore, the VECM estimates indicate that the external shock, such as regional and global financial crisis shocks, neither affects changes in the endogenous variables nor causes instability in the cointegrating vector. This study finds that the endogenous variables are determined by their own dynamics in the model.