유기농경지에서 문제가 되는 해충을 방제하기 위하여 농가에서는 식물추출물 등 다양한 자가제조 유기농업자재를 활용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 농가 자가제조 유기농업자재를 이용하여 목화진딧물(Aphis gossypii)과 꽃노랑총채벌레(Franklineilla occidentalis)에 대한 살충효과를 시험하였다. 유기농업자재는 유기재배 농가에서 직접 수집하였으며 식물추출물로는 마늘, 돼지감자, 은행잎 등의 식물추출물과 목초액, 식물오일 등 8종의 자재를 이용하였다. 해충에 대한 살충시험은 25℃, 60% 습도 조건의 곤충사육실에서 이루어졌다. 처리시험을 위해 오이절편을 페트리디쉬에 넣고 시험곤충을 접종하여 농가수집자재를 원액, 30배, 100배, 300배로 희석하여 충체 살포법으로 처리하였다. 처리 후 24시간, 36시간, 72시간 후 사충률을 조사하였다. 진딧물의 경우 100배 희석처리에서 약초액비가 75%, 유화오일이 62.5% 은행잎액비가 42.5%의 살충효과를 각각 보여주었다. 꽃노랑총채벌레에는 협죽도와 마늘이 94.7%와 88.0% 살충효과를 보여주었다.

독일 연방정부가 유기농산물의 공급 - 수요의 균형과 지속적 성장을 유도하기 위해 2010년 확정한 연방유기농업계획안(Bundesprogram Okolandau)을 다듬었고, 이 계획안에서는 유기농의 훈련, 교육, 정보 제공 등을 중시하고 있다. 독일 정부가 추진하고 있는 유기농업 지원정책에서 가장 특이한 것이 1)유기농쎈터의 설치 운영과 2)유기농 시범농장 설치 운영이다. 유기농시범농장은 현장을 방문한 농업인이 직접 눈으로 확인하고 농장주와의 질의응답/토론을 통해 궁금증을 해결해 가도록 함으로서 보다 확실한 기술보급이 이루어지도록 하였다는 평가를 받고 있다. 독일이 유기농의 최선진국으로 부상하게 된 이유의 하나가 바로 유기농 시범농장의 운영을 통해 가장 빠르게 최신 기술들을 유기농 영농 현장에 전파시켜 나갔기 때문이다. 또한 시범농장은 소비자들과 청소년들에게 유기농업에 대한 집중적인 교육 프로그램을 실시하여 소비자에게 신뢰감를 심어주어 왔었기 때문이라고 평가받고 있다. 한편 우리나라는 아직도 경험적인 유기농업 기술이 영농현장에서 주로 이루어지고 있어 독일과 같은 시범농장 시스템의 설치 운영이 절실히 필요하다. 우리나라에서도 유기농 시범농장이 광역지자체별로 거미줄처럼 세워져 나가고 새로이 자연과학적으로 개발되고 검증된 신기술이 영농현장에 보급될 수 있도록 노력함과 동시에 소비자 교육을 위한 유기농 영농 현장에서의 교육이 이루어 졌으면 한다. 이를 위해 유기농 시범농장에 대한 기여 인센티브 제공, 시범농장주에 대한 사전 유기농교육 등이 제공된다면 한국 유기농 발전을 위해 더없는 기여를 할 것이라고 평가된다.

Organic agriculture seeks sustainable agriculture. Organic agriculture is based on circulating agriculture of a family farm unit. However, as of the end of 2016, only 33 out of the total organic farming farms were implementing Crop-Livestock cycling organic farming. The reason seems to be a matter of income after all. The optimal size combination refers to the scale by which family farms can maintain their quality of life while engaging in farming activities. In other words. it is a farm scale that maintains optimal income through stable labor costs. In the meantime, there has been no previous study on the optimal economical combination of Crop-Livestock cycling farming. Choi (2016) analyzed whether the economies of scope (EOS) were realized in the combined production by using the management data of the farmers who practiced Crop-Livestock cycling organic farming for four years. As a result, it has been revealed that the EOS measurement value is 0 or more so the economies of scope are being realized. Therefore, the purpose of this empirical analysis is to identify farm incomes under this circumstance. It is assumed that the optimum production is achieved by balancing the total income curve and the total cost curve in the optimal scale production range. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, the income after the conversion to Crop-Livestock cycling farming was 44,789,280 won, the sum of the seedling-livestock sector, which was 17,873,120 won higher when the non-Crop-Livestock cycling farming was assumed. The same is true for 2014 and 2015. The reason for this is that pig droppings were composted from organic seedlings, and the cost of selling pork was 150,000 won/per pig more expensive even though the manufacturing cost of organic feeds was higher than the purchasing cost. Secondly, this study simulated the result that the economic index varies when the farm size combination is changed by the farm size of 100% standard (S100) as of 2014. S130 is the increase in size from 100% of 2014, whereas S30 is the result of 3ha crop and 66 livestock (pigs). As a result of this simulation, Crop-Livestock cycling farming income decreased more than non-Crop-Livestock cycling farming as the farm size decreased, whereas the income decreased as the farm size increased. When the size was reduced below S50, the income tended to decrease. In this situation, EOS changed in the same direction. The results showed that when the farming size was reorganized and reduced to 50% compared to 2014, the income and income difference was the highest. At the same time, economies of scope (EOS) were the highest at 0.12985. In other words, it was found that the income of farm houses in a family farm unit sector was the best in the combination of 1.5ha crop agriculture and 110 livestock (pigs).

The purpose of this research is to analysis actual condition of promoting complex industrialization and changes after promoting, and then to classify organic farmer using cluster analysis based on delineated organic farmer’s changes factors. This study also aims to investigate differences in socioeconomic characteristics and behavioral intentions among classified groups of organic farmer’s changes. Data were obtained by questionnaire. From the factor analysis, four factors were derived as “Economics”, “Public benefit”, “Environment and philosophical values” and “Establishing management and the regional bedrock”. From the cluster analysis, three cluster were derived as “group that has a positive awareness of promoting complex industry”, “group that has a negative awareness of promoting complex industry” and “unstable management and a regional base”. And the three classifications were significantly different in the satisfaction and behavioral intentions.