보행자 교통사고율은 야간에 특히 그 비율이 더 높기 때문에, 야간 보행자 감지 시스템을 장착한 모델들의 출시가 증가하는 추세이다. 현재 상용 제품들은 일반적으로 고가 또는 다루기 까다로운 레이더 + 카메라, 다중 카메라 같은 복합적 센서를사용하거나, 나이트비젼과 같이 단일 센서를 사용하는 경우 운용 환경이 지극히 제한적이다. 이 논문에서는 적응적 이진화와 적분 영상을 이용하여 야간용 PDS에서 흑백 카메라를 사용하여 ROI(관심 영역)를 축소하는 기법을 제안한다. 다양한 조건에서 촬영된 동영상 프레임들에 대해 비교한 결과 제안 기법이 더 정확하고 환경 변화에 대해 견고함이 확인되었다. 기법 간 정확한 정량적 비교를 위해서 검출된 보행자와 비보행자 에지 화소수의 비를 사용했다.

The variation of instrumental profile for the different scan speed of PDS is estimated as FWHM of the assumed Gaussian Profile. The effects of scan speed and scan aperture of PDS on the objective prism spectrum analysis are investigated for 8 combinations of scan speed and scan aperture. Amomg them. D1 apture with 15 csu is found to be the most optimum choice for measuring KISO objective prism film. We suggest the preliminary test study of the scan speed and aperture for the optimum use of PDS for any massive scan of spectra. The optimum scan speed and aperture depends on the dispersion of spectrum as well as the type of phtographic emulsion.

In order to check whether the 4-degree objective prism spectra can be used for deep spectroscopic studies of galactic structure, we measured the Rose(1984)'s seven indices between 3500 A and 4400 A for 19 Hyades stars on the Kiso Schmidt prism plate, K3496. By comparing the 4∘ 4∘ -indices with those of Rose(1984), we have found that Hδ/FeI Hδ/FeI , Hγ/4325 Hγ/4325 , and P(3912)/P(CN) measured on the 4-degree prism spectra, are still useful for the derivation physical parameters.

The electrical, mechanical and optical capabilities have been tested of the microdensitometer PDS 1010GMS at the Korea Astronomy Observatory. The highest stage of scan speed 255 csu (conventional speed unit) is measured to be 47 mm/s. At this speed the position is displaced by 4 μ m to the direction of scanning and the density is underestimated by 0.4 ∼ 0.7 D . Standard deviation in the measured density is proportional to A − 0.46 , where A is the area of scan aperture. The accuracy of position repeatability is ± 1 μ m , and that of density repeatability is ± ( 0.003 ∼ 0.03 ) D . Callier coefficient is determined to be 1.37; the semispecular density is directly proportional to the diffuse density up to 3.5D. Because the logarithmic amplifier has a finite response time, the densities measured at high scan speeds are underestimated to the degree that speeds higher than 200 csu are inadequate for making an accurate astronomical photometry. After power is on, an about 5 hour period of warming is required to stabilize the system electrically and mechanically as well. On the basis of this performance test, we have determined the followings as the optimum scan parameters for the astronomical photometry: For the scan aperture 10 ∼ 20 μ m is optimal, and for the scan speed. 20 ∼ 50 csu is appropriate. These parameter values are chosen in such a way that they may keep the density repeatability within ± 0.01 D , the position displacement under 1 μ m , and the density underestimation below 0.1D even in high density regions.

Long-term passive diffusive samplers(PDS) have been used to measure NO2 and SO2 concentrations at 21 sampling sites in Daejeon, Korea during the period of January 2000 - December 2002. The spatial distributions of annual NO2 and SO2 concentrations were mapped. Average annual NO2 concentration over the sampling period was 28.5±12.5 ppb, ranging from 1.2 to 81.7 ppb. Average annual SO2 concentration over the sampling period was 7.7±4.8 ppb, ranging from 0.6 to 26.8 ppb. On average, NO2 concentration was approximately 5.8%(1.6 ppb) larger in 2002. SO2 concentration was decreased by 13%(1.1 ppb) during the sampling period. The seasonal variation of NO2 and SO2 concentration was observed with a tendency to be higher in fall and winter. NO2 and SO2 concentrations measured at different site types(patterns of land use) show significant difference. The observed difference in concentration was associated with difference in emissions of NO2 from motor vehicles and SO2 by non-traffic fuel consumption for heating.