Efforts on the continued increase of local government's fiscal spending related to improving the residential environment are desirable to counter the declining phenomenon of urban decline. At the same time, however, it is also important to know how to operate limited finances more efficiently to improve the residential environment. This study aims to contribute to the rational allocation of fiscal expenditure and the creation of productive results for the improvement of the settlement environment. To this end, this study analyzed the efficiency of financial expenditure related to the improvement of the residential environment in 225 local governments nationwide. The relationship between financial expenditure and residential environmental performance was also measured and the CCR, BCC and SBM models were used to measure efficiency. The analysis showed that most local governments need to scale back their fiscal spending related to improving the government environment. In addition, it was required to prepare feasible spending plans by bench-marking the processes of residential environment improvement projects in areas such as Haman-gun, Jongno-gu, Seoul, and Seocho-gu, which are considered to be under efficient operation.

Field tests were carried out with five different mesh sizes (86.6, 101.0, 121.2, 137.7, 151.5mm) to study the relative efficiency of monofilament and multifilament gill net for Marbled sole, Pleuronectes yokohamae, in the western sea of Korea, 2007-2009. The relative efficiency was analyzed by length distribution, catch in number, catch in weight and weight per individual for Marbled sole. Statistical T-test was done to verify the efficiency between two gears. In the field tests, the total body length range, catch in number and weight of Marbled sole was 15.8-48.2cm, 728 and 254,939g, respectively. During the field tests, Marbled sole less than 15cm length which is prohibition size of fishing was not caught, but the caught number of Marbled sole less than 19.5cm length which is first maturity length was 13 (1.8%) and the caught number of Marbled sole more than 19.5cm was 715 (98.2%). Catches of monofilament gill net was average 1.4 times more efficient than multifilament gill net. The weight per individual and total length by mesh sizes in the two gears tended to gradually increase according to mesh size increasing. But there was little difference of weight per individual and total length by mesh sizes between two gears.

  The enormous budget of government and manpower are invested to the government funded institutes every year. The R&D investment focused on input has to be turned toward the investment based on the effectiveness of R&D activities. Measuring the efficiency

To determine the relative efficiency and mesh selectivity of gill net for the Pacific saury, Cololabis saira, a series of fishing experiments was carried out in the Northwest Pacific Ocean from August 13 to October 13 in 2002, using gill nets of different mesh size(30, 33, 35, 37, 39 and 42mm) constructed from two kinds of twine material(monofilament, twisted multifilament nylon web). The relative efficiency of two material gears was expressed as the ratio obtained by dividing monofilament catch by multifilament catch in number. The master selection curve of each material gear was estimated by applying the extended Kitahara's method. The catch of experimental gears is mostly Pacific saury(98.6%), Cololabis saira. The kinds of bycatch are common squid(0.7%), Pacific mackerel(0.6%), etc. Catch comparisons in the two gears showed that monofilament nylon nets are 1.7 times more efficient. The optimum values in monofilament and multifilament gill net for Pacific saury are 8.28 and 8.23, respectively.

조명의 량에 따라 눈의 시감효율은 추상체와 간상체에 의해 파장에 따라 2 개의 함 수로 이루어진다. 렌즈를 투과한 광의 세기는 흡수 파장에 의존하고， 최종 비시감도 의 추정방법은 시감도와 렌즈의 투과율 세기의 곱으로 표현된다. 렌즈의 시감도 평가 방볍은 CIE의 스펙트럼 함수 적분 값인 면적 (So) 과 렌즈의 투과율 스펙트럼에 따른 분광 최종 비시감도의 함수 적분 값인 면적 (SI) 의 비로 표현할 수 있다 기ω 써… 시 시 R 리 때 %ι 一때 마씨 ”llJτ|4 -- 〔이휴 = Qμ 분광 비시감도(ß)값은 Yellow, Pink, Blue 및 Green 캉라 렌즈에서 각각 159.28, 123.60, 106.07 빚 58.60 값을 갖는다.