Brown planthopper (BPH) is a serious insect pest of rice crop throughout rice growing countries, and yield loss due to its infection can be up to 60%. This study aimed to evaluate efficiency of molecular markers for screening BPH resistance accessions among 86 aromatic rice germplasm Eighty-six accessions of aromatic rice germplasm included two accessions of Tongil type (bred in Korea), 28 accessions of japonica type and 56 accessions of indica type. We applied eight STS markers (pBPH9, pBPH19, pBPH20, pBPH21, AJ09-b, RG457L, RG457B, and 7312.T4A) which were linked to four of BPH resistance genes, Bph1, Bph13(t), Bph10, and Bph18(t) respectively. One japonica type accession, 415XIr352, and six indica type accessions possessed one or four positive bands when tested with four STS markers linked to Bph1 gene. One indica type aromatic rice, Basmati9-93, showed the target bands linked to the Bph10 gene. The other accessions did not show same fragments as the respective resistant lines. Bph13(t) is the most widely introduced resistance gene and only one accession showed positive bands implying that this accession might harbor Bph10 and Bph18(t) genes. Three aromatic accessions, Domsiah, Khao Dawk Mali 105 and 415XIr352 showed gene pyramiding of Bph1 and Bph13(t). Two indica aromatic rice, Ds 20 and Basmati 9-93, possessed at least two BPH resistance genes, Bph1, Bph18(t) and Bph13(t), Bph18(t), respectively. These results indicates that aromatic rice germplasm have narrow diversities of BPR resistance genes.

콩은 단백질과 지질이 풍부하여 전통식품의 주원료로 이용되어 왔으며 산업적 가치도 높아 세계적으로도 수요 가 증가하고 있다. 우리나라는 국내 생산량이 수요량에 미치지 못해 매년 대량으로 콩을 수입하고 있는데, 국내 콩 산업기반을 보호하고 국산 품종을 선호하는 소비자의 요구를 충족시키기 위해서는 외국콩과 우리 콩을 판별할 수 있는 기술이 필요하다. 전통적으로 콩 품종을 구별하기 위해 형태적․ 생화학적 특성 등 다양한 방법이 이용되어 왔는데, 이들은 환경의 영향을 받으므로 객관적인 평가에 한계가 있다. DNA를 이용한 품종의 구별은 이러한 영향을 최소화 할 수 있어 유리한데, 생명공학 기술의 발달로 RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR 등 다양한 분자마커들이 개발되어 있어 선택․이용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 콩 품종의 특성을 분자표지와 연계시 키기 위해 우리나라 대표품종인 황금콩의 EEG(euchromatin enriched genomic DNA) library를 작성하였고 유전자 정보가 풍부한 진정염색질 (euchromatin) 부위의 염기서열정보로부터 Sequence Tagged Site (STS) 마커를 개발 하였다. STS 마커로 PCR 한 후 제한효소 처리를 통해 (CAPS marker) PCR 산물의 패턴, PCR 산물의 절단 유무 및 절편 수에 대해 조사하였다. 총 143쌍의 STS 마커 중 PCR 안정성이 확인된 93종은 대풍콩, 대원콩 등 국내 주요 보급종 13품종에 적용하였고 7종의 제한효소를 처리하여 각 품종의 유전자 특성을 분석하였다. 최소 마커수의 결정은 소프트웨어, DNA기반 콩 품종판별 시스템 (http://breed.nics.go.kr/nicsds/)의 마커분석 기 능을 이용하였다. 분석 결과, 13종의 보급품종은 10가지 조합에서 모두 구별이 가능하였는데, 분석효율성을 고려하여 5종의 STS마커와 2종의 제한효소가 최적의 조합으로 선택되었다.

To develop the STS (Sequence Tagged Site) marker for discrimination between oat cultivars used the EEG (Euchromatin Enriched Genomic) DNA library in oat. The EEG DNA library was constructed the Mcr A and Mcr BC system in DH5 alpha bacterial cell line. About 3,500 EEG colonies had been constructed by using junk DNA exclusion. About 800 colonies were selected that included insert DNA more than 500 bp. It was analyzed the genetic information by using blast searches of NCBI web site. More than three hundred STS primer sets were developed using sequencing data of selected colonies and about 90 primer sets which showed single band were selected in Olgwiri. It was applied to twelve oat cultivars including Olgwiri and has been shown polymorphism at 15%. PCR product which amplified with selected STS primer was treated with six endonucleases and was showed polymorphic bands. These primers could be useful for specific allele tagging in mapping populations and germplasm and for the study of functional genomics of oat.

Sequence-tagged site (STS) markers tightly linked to the bacterial leaf blight (BLB) resistance genes, xa5, xa13 and Xa21, were used in this study. A survey was conducted to find polymorphisms between the resistant and susceptible germplasm in rice. 500 of Korean varieties and 100 of landraces were evaluated in this study. STS marker, RG207 was used to having xa5 resistance gene of rice germplasm. 27 varieties of Korean germplasm showed resistant for xa5 gene. The RG136 an xa-13 marker resulted in a single band of approximately 1kb in all the rice accessions studied. In order to detect polymorphism, digestion of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product was performed using a restriction enzyme Hinf Ⅰ. The resistant lines resulted in two bands 0.5kb on digestion with Hinf Ⅰ, while the same enzyme did not digest the PCR product of susceptible lines. No polymorphism was detected in Korean varieties and landraces, indicating that they probably do not contain xa13 gene. pTA248 an Xa-21 marker detected a band of 1kb in the resistant lines and bands of either 750bp or 700bp in the susceptible lines. Among germplasm tested, there are no varieties and landraces with Xa21 resistant gene. The results of the germplasm survey will be useful for the selection of parents in breeding programs aimed at transferring these bacterial blight resistance genes from one varietal background to another.