연구대상지인 김천 공자동은 유가의 시조인 성현(聖賢) 공자(孔子)의 존함을 그대로 차용해 이루어진 지명을 갖는 마을이다. 이러한 공자동을 배경으로 하는 구곡시가에 나타난 지명의 물리적 환경과 인간 활동 그리고 그 의미 간의 상호작용의 산물인 마을의 장소성 구명(究明)을 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 따른 분석과 해석을 통해 도출한 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지례향교와 도동서원을 중심으로 16~17 세기 선비문화가 발전한 김천 공자동 설동(設洞)의 가장 유력한 설은 조선초 김천 부항면 출신 병마사 이회(李晦)가 자택에 보관하던 공자의 화상(畫像)을 1650~1670년 사이에 경주 이씨·김해 김씨·밀양 박 씨를 본관으로 하는 세 선비가 인근 지례향교로 옮기면서 공자동이라 명명하였다는 것이다. 이후 인근 지역의 지명까지도 공자와 관련된 고사(古事)와 관련된 인물과 행적과 관련지어 명명하면서 유가의 성 현 공자의 소환을 통한 유가의 이상세계를 구현하고자 하는 지명의존과 장소착근 현상이 심화되었다. 둘째, 공자동이 지속적 마을 형성과 발전을 지탱해온 바탕에는 이곳이 지례면과 김천시를 잇는 길목에 있는 교통요충지라는 이점과 더불어 성현의 존함을 차용한 공자동이라는 지명 자체가 마을의 물리적· 정신적 토대이자 주민의 자긍심을 높이는 소속감과 장소애의 본질로 판단된다. 지금도 존재하는 공자 관련 지명은 대항면 대성리의 공자동·창평, 주례리의 주공, 구성면 상거리의 저익촌·백어·명덕·벽계, 구성면 상좌원리의 문도동 등 다수가 존재한다. 셋째, 공자동의 산수경관이 노래된 황남별곡(黃南別 曲), 공자동구곡(孔子洞九曲) 그리고 구곡단가(九曲短歌)는 공자와 관련한 인명과『논어(論語)』의 고사를 통해 공자에 대한 숭모(崇慕)와 득도(得道)의 열망이 표출된 것이다. 지명 공자동(孔子洞), 창평 (昌平), 주공(周公), 안연대(顏淵臺), 백어(伯魚), 명덕(明德), 저익촌(沮溺村), 문도동(問道洞), 상좌원 (上佐院), 모성암(慕聖巖), 자하령(子夏嶺) 등은 특히 성현 공자를 향한 흠앙(欽仰)과 존양(存養)의 장소 로서, 공자와 유가사상이 깃든 장소의존과 장소애착의 산물이다. 넷째, 벽계천(碧溪川)을 중심으로 설 정된 공자동구곡과 구곡단가의 제1곡 모성암을 비롯한 구곡명과 경물 그리고 구곡 바위글씨는 공자 이외에 무이구곡 문화를 실천한 주자(朱子)의 덕행에 대한 흠모를 바탕으로 유가의 실존과 덕행을 따르 고자 했던 흔적이다. 공자동에서 보여지는 지명과 경물에 부여된 의미경관과 실존경관은 궁극적으로 모두 공자와 주자에 대한 흠앙과 존숭(尊崇)을 통해 유가적 이상을 실현하고자 하는 조선 선비들의 신 념이 표출된 것으로 공자동 장소정체성의 본질이다. 다섯째, 공자동 구곡 일대의 바위글씨 대부분은 제1곡 모성암과 제6곡 안연대에 집중(75.6%)된다는 점에서 해당 장소가 문화경관적 맥락에서 장소적 중요성과 가치를 지님을 확인하였다. 또한, 모성암의 바위글씨는 장소와 관련한 인물에 대한 흠앙과 존숭 그리고 장소에 대한 찬미의 내용을 담고 있는 반면 안연대 바위글씨는 공자의 제자 안연(顏淵)에 대한 추모와 함께 안빈낙도하고 유유자적한 삶의 동경이 강하게 표출됨에 따라 구곡간의 장소성에는 다소의 차이가 발견된다. 공자동 일대의 지명 등은 공자뿐만 아니라 공자의 아들과 제자, 공자가 숭모한 인물 주공 그리고 공자의 정신이 함축된 것일 뿐 아니라 공자동구곡 및 구곡단가를 통해 주자가 무이산 무이구곡에서 실행했던 덕행 또한 오롯이 담겨 있는 유교적 이상세계를 구현하고자 한 것으로 보인다. 공자동을 중심으로 산재한 지명과 경물명 그리고 구곡명은 유가의 시조 공자와 주자 성리학을 숭모하 며, 철저한 유학자적 삶을 추구하고자 했던 조선 선비들의 관념이 장소화 된 공간임을 확인할 수 있다.

Public plazas are open spaces commonly found in city centers that all citizens can access. They can participate in events such as community gatherings, open markets, and concerts, or use these purposely designed areas while creating a sense of place based on their perceptions of the zone and the meanings they assign to it. This study aims to understand visitors’ sense of space in the context of public plazas. To do so, we measured and analyzed visitors’ attitudes including place identity, place attachment, and place dependence, as well as their behavioral patterns, perceptions, familiarity, and satisfaction level. We selected the study sites to represent plazas in Seoul, South Korea’s capital: Gwanghwamun Plaza, Seoul Plaza, and Cheonggye Plaza, which were recently developed as a part of a host of urban renewal projects due to their historical and cultural value. We collected data using survey methods and carried out descriptive analysis, principle component analysis (PCA), the F-test, and t-tests to analyze visitors’ demographic information, behavior, perceptions, satisfaction, familiarity, and the relationships among the measured variables. The findings reveal that sense of place in public plazas might be significantly associated with visitors’ behavioral patterns in, perceptions of, satisfaction, and familiarity with public plazas. The results indicate that landscape planning in urban plazas might need further research that considers visitor views in order to create a sense of place and make such areas meaningful as landmarks.

This study aimed to explore and interpret the sense of place in Insa-dong a traditional street designated as a cultural district in Seoul through the thoughts and opinions of insiders who actually experience it. The study also aimed to identify a plan for the development and preservation of Insa-dong. Insa-dong was found to have the characteristic of an “unconscious sense of place,” which had formed naturally over time. This characteristic applies to most physical, social, cultural, and experiential elements that make up Insa-dong. It developed as a place of tradition and arts culture, and thus Insa-dong has continued to be a representative place of traditional and Korean culture until the present. While a uniform modern consumer culture is emerging as a result of the integrated designs and socioeconomic changes brought about by urban capitalism, these changes arguably fall within such a range that Insa-dong’s unique, unconscious sense of place is not greatly damaged. Accordingly, Insa-dong as a unique, attractive place where the new cultural characteristic of “modernity” blends appropriately with “traditionality” can be understood as a representative place that expresses Korea’s past and present life. This study is significant because it examined Insa-dong’s sense of place by moving away from expert perspectives and focusing on interviews with insiders. Based on the results, the study developed a plan for the preservation and formation of Insa-dong’s sense of place. Though this study’s results can suggest basic directions and processes for interpreting sense of place, they are limited in terms of suggesting specific planning and design elements. Therefore, a limitation exists in terms of drawing practical implications. Follow-up studies using this study’s suggestions for preserving and improving Insa-dong’s sense of place can formulate more concrete strategies.

Sense of place (SOP) has recently been considered an effective strategy through which to pursue sustainable place development. However, many urban spaces have not usually considered the contribution of built-environment factors to SOP and SOP’s contribution to people’s willingness to revisit for sustainable place. Therefore, this research aims to understand the internal structure of SOP at Daehak-ro, one of the most famous cultural district and tourism sites in Seoul, Korea. Through this study, the sociocultural factor was found to make the greatest contribution to Daehak-ro’s SOP, and SOP was itself found to be highly related to willingness to revisit. These results suggest that non-physical factors could be most important to developing an SOP in urban environments. This study will eventually lead to better understanding of developing SOP, and will contribute to Daehak-ro becoming more sustainable than at present.

This research seeks ways to convert the landscape resources of rural village forest into a tourist resource. The study area was restricted to rural village forests in the city of Namwon; we selected 10 village forests using the evaluation indicators of size, landscape, accessibility, connectivity, historicity, and enhancement possibility. We selected five historic/cultural type groves among the preselected village groves as final target areas for planning and then carried out an analysis of their current status and conditions, which has been included in this research. For Naein village forests, themes concerning the winds of Inpoong-ri and the poongchinadae form of feng shui were used. For Haengjeong village forest, preferentially considered ecological of carpinus laxiflora but that introduced the Dokkaebi, which concerns village forest legends. In the Sagok village forest, the beauty of old pine trees and the champan (vice minister) forest were symbolized; in the Jeonchon village forest, the Battle of Hwangsan was symbolized by connecting it to a location in the neighboring village, the Hwangsan Battle Monument site. The themes of Walgil village forest included the historical culture of the village forest, such as Cheonikseong (a person’s name), a famed doctor who practiced good deeds, stonepiles (stacking of stones), and the pine resin delivery of the Japanese colonial era (the Japanese collected resin from the pines). The tourism resources of village forests is expected to provide residents with a amenity space for relaxation and leisure activities and visitors with a space to experience history and culture.

his Study attempted to comprehend difference between hiker and non-hiker's sense of place value at Namhansanseong Provincial Park. Especially, it was analyzed after visitors, who were divided into local residents & tourists and first time visitors & repeat visitors. Out of 600 visitors, who were over 19 years old, participated in the survey, 587 responses were used for data analysis. Consequently, Sense of place value at Namhansanseong Provincial Park were classified into three factors: Health·Culture, Ecology·Environment, and Connectedness. Hikers feel higher value on promotion of health, relaxation, environment than non-hikers. Among hikers, local residents feel higher value on ecology·environment and connectedness than tourists. Among non-hikers, however, they have no difference between local residents and tourists, only repeat visitors and first time visitors. On this result, possibility of resident participation management on natural environment and trail was considered, and when the program, which is for raising cultural and traditional value, would develop, increasing number of repeat visitor should be considered as a high priority.

Although there are a lot of primary factors to be able to make characters and identities in Pusan South Harbor, Badly Planned development prevented enhancing the sense of place in urban waterfront. The point in the waterfront development is how to secure amenities based on indentity and orientation; node, landmark, edge, path, district. This study aims at developing waterfront area of Pusan South Harbor and attempting to establish an identity through studying characteristics of ‘places’ in Pusan South Harbor. The place consists of two elements; orientation and identity, which can be explained the environmental totality, ‘character’ and ‘space’ respectively. The urban waterfront has strong characteristics which consists of land area, water area, and transit zone combining two areas. The place of Pusan South Harbor is analysed those four elements. We proposed objectives and criteria which can be used in enhancing the sense of this place.