Test of the operating characteristics and energy saving performance of a container cooling system that reduces the operating energy of a refrigeration system using a loop thermosyphon heat exchanger that removes heat by temperature difference between outdoor and indoor was performed. As a result of the experiments, when the loop thermosyphon and the refrigeration system were operated simultaneously, the refrigeration system operated intermittently by reducing the heat load. As the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor increased, the operating time of the refrigeration system decreased and the energy efficiency rate increased. Energy efficiency rate showed a tendency to increase with increasing temperature difference, and the predicted correlation of energy efficiency rate using the performance of the loop thermosyphon heat exchanger and the refrigeration system was relatively consistent with the experimental value.

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance factors such as type of working fluid, flow direction, arrangement and stage of loop thermosyphon heat exchanger for ESS battery container cooling. Pentane showed slightly better performance of the heat exchanger than R-134a as a working fluid. Driving the fan in the suction direction showed improved performance compared to the blowing direction. The two-stage heat exchanger increased the heat transfer rate by more than 30% at the same temperature difference compared to the single-stage heat exchanger. Also, the counterflow flow showed better performance than the parallel flow in the two-stage heat exchanger.

Experiments were conducted on the operating characteristics and performance of various types of working fluid, filling amount and heat flow rate of a loop thermosyphon for cooling ESS battery container. As results of performance test on various working fluids, HFE-7100 and R-134a as a working fluids showed unstable operating and low performance due to vapor pressure drop, and performance was improved by increasing the number of vapor lines for reducing a pressure drop. In this study, n-pentane was more stable and showed better thermal performance among various working fluids.

Flexible two-phase thermosyphons are devices that can transfer large amounts of heat flux with boiling and condensation of working fluid resulting from small temperature differences. A flexible two-phase thermosyphon consists of a evaporator, an insulation unit, and a condenser. The working fluid inside the evaporator is evaporated by heating the evaporator in the lower part of the flexible two-phase thermosyphon and the evaporated steam rises to the condenser in the upper part to transfer heat in response to the cooling fluid outside the tube. The resultant condensed working fluid flows downward along the inside surface of the tube due to gravity. These processes form a cycle. Using R134a refrigerant as the working fluid of a loop type flexible two-phase thermosyphon heat exchanger, an experiment was conducted to analyse changes in boiling heat transfer performances according to differences in the temperature of the oil for heating of the evaporator, the temperature variations of the refrigerant, and the mass flows. According to the results of the present study, the circulation rate of the refrigerant increased and the pressure in the evaporator also increased proportionally as the temperature of the oil in the evaporator increased. In addition, the heat transfer rate of the boiler increased as the temperature of the oil in the evaporator increased.

The frozen start up characteristics of the two phase closed thermosyphon using water and FC 40 as working fluid to prevents dry out by freezing of water at the condenser when below zero operation condition has been tested and studied. The experimental data showed that the thermosyphon using immiscible 2 fluids thermosyphon start up successfully at a -30℃ cooling condition as melted water by inflow 2nd working fluid to the condenser.

The loop thermosyphon has been designed and tested for cooling several hundreds watt of heat. This cooling system is consisted of copper block, condenser which is fabricated with tubes and fins and transport lines. In this research, operational characteristics and limitation of the loop thermosyphon were investigated as a function of fill charge ratio, thermal load, vapor temperature and effective head. The experimental results shows that the heat transfer limitation is dominated by vapor temperature and effective head. Also, the correlation for the heat transfer limitation is presented and showed good agreement. The evaporating heat transfer coefficient is affected by vapor temperature and heat flux, but the fill charge ratio and liquid head are minor factor.

최근 남극 과학기지의 건설에 대한 국민적 관심이 높아짐과 함께, 시베리아 및 알래스카 등지의 동토지역에 매장된 막대한 에너지 자원의 개발을 위한 건설 수요가 급격히 증가하고 있다. 하지만 극지방에 건설되는 건축물의 경우, 내부의 열이 바닥 기초를 통해 지반으로 전달됨에 따라 동토지반의 교란과 열의 불균형이 야기되어 건물의 부등침하가 발생될 수 있는 문제점을 가지고 있어 이러한 지반의 동결 및 융해로 인한 피해 사고를 방지하고자 동토지역 지반 안정화 기술의 일환으로 열사이폰(Thermosyphon)기술이 사용되고 있다. 또한 겨울철 산간지방에서는 열사이폰을 사용하여 얻어진 지열로 도로를 가열시키어 도로의 결빙을 방지할 수 있는 신기술의 적용이 가능하지만 우리나라는 아직 이에 대한 연구가 매우 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 CFD(computational fluid dynamics) 해석을 통하여 열사이폰의 작동을 모델링하였으며, 이를 위해 상용 유한체적해석 프로그램인 FLUENT를 이용하였다. 구축된 모델의 검증 결과, 다양한 내부의 합리적인 거동 모습들을 통해 수치적으로 구축된 열사이폰 모델이 실제의 가동 상황을 적절하게 모사하고 있음을 판단할 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구에서 구축된 수치모델은 추후 열사이폰의 정밀 설계에도 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.