생태계를 평가하기 위한 평가법으로 주로 사용되는 이화학적 측정 평가법은 객관적인 측정치를 제시하는데는 용이하다. 그러나 단지 측정치의 단순한 평균이나 최고치만으로는 타 인자와의 복합 효과 또는 지속 시간에 의한 가중 효과 때문에 실상을 나타낼 수 없는 경우가 많다. 이에 따라 이화학적 측정치들을 객관적으로 종합하여 생태계의 상태를 파악할 필요성이 보다 중요하다. 즉 key factor나 trigger factor와 같은 생물체의 내성과 관련이 있는 인자

In this study, the effects of single and binary heavy metals toxicity on the growth and phosphorus removal ability of Bacillus sp.. known as be a phosphorus-removing microorganism, were quantitatively evaluated. Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni were used as heavy metals. As a result of analysis of variance of the half of inhibition concentration and half of effective concentration for each single heavy metal treatment group, the inhibitory effect on the growth of Bacillus sp. was Ni < P b < Z n < Cu < C d. A nd the inhibitory effect on phosphorus removal by Bacillus s p. w as N i < Pb < Z n < Cu < C d. When analyzing the correlation between growth inhibition and phosphorus removal efficiency of a single heavy metal treatment group, a negative correlation was found (R2 = 0.815), and a positive correlation was found when the correlation between IC50 and EC50 was analyzed (R2 = 0.959). In all binary heavy metal treatment groups, the interaction was an antagonistic effect when evaluated using the additive toxicity index method. This paper is considered to be basic data on the toxic effects of heavy metals when phosphorus is removed using phosphorus removal microorganisms in wastewater.

피부 자극과 부식 검사에 사용되는 동물실험을 대체하기 위한 방법으로 인공피부가 개발되어 왔다. 최근에 본 연구진은 녹각교를 함유하는 새로운 인공피부를 구축하였다. 현재 연구에서는 녹각교를 포함하는 인공피부를 사용하여 물질의 독성도 검사를 수행하였다. 그리하여 sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) 또는 sodium carbonate를 인공피부에 도포하였고 표피의 손상 정도를 H&E와 면역조직화학 염색을 통하여 평가하였다. 인공피부의 표피는 SDS와 sodium carbonate에 의해 농도 의존적으로 영향을 받았다. 더 나아가 이들 물질에 의하여 p63의 발현이 감소하였다. 그러므로 녹각교를 함유하는 인공피부는 동물실험을 대체할 수 있는 모델로써 사용될 수 있고 in vitro에서 자극과 부식 검사 시험법의 발전에 도움을 줄 것으로 예상된다.

The effects of sole, mixture heavy metals and soil samples was assessed based on the seed (Lactuca sativa L.) germination. In general, tested sole metals were showed considerable sensitivity on the germination, showing following EC50s: As(III) 1.02 mg/L, Cr(VI) 1.33 mg/L, Cu 2.26 mg/L, Cd 2.61 mg/L, As(V) 3.00 mg/L. Though obvious patterns were not observed on the effects by binary mixture metal, generally more synergistic mode was observed rather than antagonistic or additive. No significant correlation between toxicity and total metal contents was observed, but two groups classified according to contaminated arsenic concentration, showed considerable differences. Interactive effects of metals may vary depending on the bioassays used as well as on the mixture metals and their respective concentrations. Therefore, more detailed evaluation, such as with battery of assays, sample grouping and various mixtures, may comprise a useful tool for the assessment of the environmental samples with mixture contaminants.