파골세포양 거대세포형 미분화 암종은 췌장암의 1%만을 차지하는 흔치 않은 암종으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 39세 남자에게서 진단된, 수술 및 항암치료를 시행한 1예를 소개하고자 한다.

Sarcoma is rare malignant tumors that develop from mesenchymal cells. Metastasis to the oral cavity is a rare occurrence. Undifferentiated Pleomorphic sarcoma(UPS), formerly known as Malignant fibrous histiocytoma(MFH), is rare spindle cell neoplasm that can have poorly prognosis with metastasis and local recurrence. This report describes a case of a 77-year-old man who was diagnosed with Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma of the chest wall and underwent adjuvant radiation therapy after surgical resection. Although there was success of wide excision, two years later, he presented with metastasis to the several organs including tongue. We retrospectively analyzed results of Next Generation Sequencing(NGS), and we figured out RB1 gene mutation. Until now targeted therapy of RB1 gene mutation is not established. Surgeon needs to consider metastatic tumors through identifying patients’ chief complaints and past medical & dental history. We need to research through NGS, and take a step closer to find targeted therapy for tumors.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) in the mandible region is a rare malignant neoplasm. We encountered the case of a patient who had been diagnosed with deep benign fibrous histiocytoma (DBFH) prior to surgery, but the final biopsy revealed the presence of tumor tissues in the resected margin, which indicated a UPS. Therefore, radiotherapy was conducted post-operatively, but the tumor recurred approximately 3 years later and a second surgery was performed. The difference between the initial and final diagnoses was considered to be due to the characteristics of the tumor, as it involved both benign and malignant components. DBFH and UPS can occur in young women. DBFH can transform to a malignancy and UPS may also appear as a benign tumor during early biopsy. Hence, attention should be paid to diagnosis and treatment methods, and ongoing close observation is required.

췌장의 파골세포양 거대세포 미분화 암종은 그 발생 빈도는 드물지만 높은 악성도를 가지는 외분비 췌장암이다. 췌장 의 파골세포양 거대세포 미분화 암종은, 복부 전산화단층촬 영에서 괴사와 출혈을 동반한 낭성 및 고형 종괴의 소견을 보이며, 다른 췌장의 낭성 종양과 감별이 필요하다. 현재까 지 명확하게 정립된 치료법은 없으며, 조기 진단 및 종양의 완전 절제만이 생존률 향상을 가져온다고 보고되고 있다. 본 증례는 58세 남성 환자에서 발생한 췌장의 파골세포양 거대 세포 미분화 암종이 수술 및 항암치료에도 불구하고 연조직 전이로 진행하여 사망한 1예로 문헌고찰과 함께 보고한다.

We have developed a new passaging technique for the expansion of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) that involves simply pipetting portions of hESCs acquired from colonies, reducing the laborious and time-consuming steps in the expansion of hESCs. Compared to general mechanical methods of passaging, our pipetting method allowed hESCs colonies to be broken into small fragments, which showed significantly higher attachment rates onto feeder cell layers. This technique produced three times the number of hESCs colonies than conventional mechanical methods. In addition, this pipetting method allowed us to distinguish differentiated hESCs from undifferentiated hESCs during hESCs colony pipetting. The hESCs cultured by pipetting method displayed normal human chromosomes for over 60 passages. According to RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis, the hESCs successfully maintained their undifferentiated state and pluripotency which was also confirmed by teratoma formation in vivo. Therefore, the pipetting method described in this study is a useful tool to efficiently and quickly expand hESCs on a large scale without enzyme treatment.

Primary sarcoma of the breast is extremely rare and it is a diagnosis of exclusion, notably metaplastic carcinomas and malig-nant phyllodes tumors. We present a case of 53-year old Korean female with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma with CD10 expression. It was a high grade tumor composed of spindle cells, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed negati- vity for cytokeratins and CD34, but focal positivity for actin, diffuse positivity for CD10 and vimentin. These results led to the diagnosis of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. This case represents a rare variant of primary breast sarcoma which imposes a diagnostic difficulty, and highlights the importance of CD10 expression.

Undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of the thyroid gland is very rare. A 70-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a rapidly growing mass in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. At the first visit, she had no symp-toms. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed an atypia of undetermined significance. She revisited our hospital after 17 days. At that time the mass had become more enlarged and she complained of dyspnea. The next day, surgery was performed and the diagnosis was undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of the thyroid. The patient died 119 days after sur-gery.

This study was conducted to develop an efficient cryopreservation method of human embryonic stem (ES) cells using vitrification. In an initial experiment, sub-clumps of human ES cells (CHA-hES3 and CHA-hES4) were vitrified using grids after incubation with STO feeder cells for 1 or 16 h (Groups 1-1 and 1-2, respectively). After storage for months, thawed clumps were re-plated on a fresh feeder layer. The survival rates of warmed CHA-hES3 and CHA-hES4 cells of Group 1-2 were significantly higher than those of the corresponding Group 1-1 cells. In the second experiment, human ES cells were vitrified after incubation with feeder or feeder-conditioned medium (Groups 2-1 to -7). Relative mRNA expression of BM proteins and survival rates were increased following incubation of ES cells with fresh feeder cells for 16 h. In conclusion, increasing of tight adhesion between ES cells by extended incubation with feeder could reduce cryoinjury after vitrifying/warming.