When confronted with the host states’ increasing enthusiasm of invoking the corruption defense as an arbitral strategy to frustrate foreign investors’ claims, the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) tribunals encounter realistic difficulties in arbitration. The inherent insufficiency of anti-corruption investigative powers bestowed to ICSID tribunals highlights the importance of constructing a coordinative mechanism between the ICSID and any domestic enforcement authorities enlisted to repudiate corruption. The enacted International Criminal Judicial Assistance Law of the People’s Republic of China provides the domestic legal basis for establishing a coordinative international criminal judicial assistance mechanism between such international organizations as ICSID and China’s domestic anti-corruption enforcement authorities. Eventually, the proposed ICSID-China’s anti-corruption mechanism will help the global community fight against international investment corruption in a coordinated way, substantially enhancing any host state’s ability to confront the on-going difficulties also experienced by investment arbitral tribunals.

The purpose of this study was conducted in order to analyze the effects of the manual intervention and self-corrective exercise models of general coordinative manipulation(GCM) on the balance restoration of spine & extremities joints with distortions and mal-alignment areas. The subjects were the members who visited GCM Musculoskeletal Prevent Exercise Center from March 1 2012 to December 31 2013 because of spine & extremities joints distortion and mal-alignments, poor posture, and body type correction. All subjects were diagnosed with the four types of the GBT diagnosis. And according to the standards of the mobility vs stability types of the upper & lower body, they were classified into Group 1(40 persons) and Group 2(24 persons). For every other day for three times a week, GCM intervention models were applied to all subjects for four weeks, adding up to 12 times in total. Then the balance restoration effects were re-evaluated with the same methods. The results are as follows. 1) Balance restoration effects of VASdp(Visual analysis scale pain & discomfort) and ER(Equilibrium reaction: ER) came out higher in GCM body type(GBT) Ⅱ·Ⅲ·Ⅳ of Group 1. 2) In case of balance restoration effects in Moire and postural evaluation areas, Group 1 was higher and cervical and scapular girdle were higher in Group 2. The balance restoration of the four GBT types was significant in all regions(p<.05), and the scapular girdle came out as high in the order of GBTⅡ·Ⅳ·Ⅰ. 3) In case of thoracic-lumbar scoliosis and head rotation·facial asymmetric· cervical scoliosis·ribcage forward, the balance restoration effects of the upper body postural evaluation areas came out the highest in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. The balance restoration effects of the four GBT types were significant in all regions(p<.05), and came out the highest in lumbar scoliosis GBTⅢ·Ⅰ, ribcage forward and thoracic scoliosis GBTⅡ·Ⅳ. 4) The balance restoration effects of the lower body postural evaluation areas came out higher in Group 1 and Group 2 for pelvis girdle deviation·patella high·umbilicus tilt and hallux valgus·foot longitudinal arch: FLA·patella direction, respectively. The balance restoration effects of the four GBT types were significant in all regions(p<.05), and came out the highest in pelvis girdle deviation GBTⅢ·Ⅰand patella high-direction GBTⅣ·Ⅱ·Ⅰ. 5) The balance restoration effects between the same GBT came out significant (p<.05) in all evaluation areas and items. The conclusions of this study was the manual intervention and self-corrective exercise models of the GCM about the mal-alignment of the spine & extremities joints across the whole body indicated high balance restoration effects(p<.05) in spine & extremities joints in all evaluation areas.

This paper aims to discuss the semantical　structure of coordinative compound words between Korean and Chinese. There are four kind of relations between the factors of coordinative words, that is overlapping, complementary, contiguous, inclined etc. Furthermore, in this paper we analysed the figurative meaning of coordinative words from cognitive linguistics. especially viewed from the metaphor and metonymy points. and analysed the reason of the figurative meaning of coordinative viewed from extension of meaning and semantic shift. Finally, we discussed the cultural connotation in the coordinative compound words from the social and psychological standard, the semantical compound words can reflect the same and different social culture features of Korea and China. Both Korea and China are seated east Asia, so there are so much same social culture. such as, 'male superiority' etc. We wish this paper will contribute to the study the relation of them.

본 연구는 효과적인 스윙 방법을 찾기 위하여 체형별로 세가지 스윙패턴(1패턴- 높은 스윙, 2패턴- 깊은 스윙, 3패턴- 넓은 스윙)을 적용하여 신체분절의 협응형태를 비교 분석하여 효율적인 신체동작과 효과적인 스윙모델의 새로운 패러다임을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 체형별로 각각 3명씩 총 9명을 선정하여 3가지 스윙패턴을 Kwon 3D ver. 3.0프로그램으로 분석하였다. 운동학적 자료를 기초로 동작수행 시각관절의 공간적 협응형태를 알아보고 구간별 각 관절(무릎- 고관절- 상체)이 체형별 스윙패턴에 따라 어떻게 협응되는가를 알아보기 위하여 분절간 각도-각도 도면(angle-angle diagram)을 작성하여 질적으로 분석 하였다. 그 결과, 무릎-고관절 협응형태는 내배엽 집단은 3패턴, 외배엽 집단은 1패턴, 중배엽 집단은 2패턴에서 좋은 협응형태를 보였는데 P1구간에는 이형동조, P2에서 전환점동조, P3에서 동형동조, P4에서 이형동조의 형태를 보였다. 고관절 상체의 협응형태는 내배엽 집단은 3패턴, 외배엽 집단은 1패턴, 중배엽 집단은 2패턴에서 좋은 협응형태를 보였는데, P1구간에는 이형동조, P2구간에는 전환점동조, P3구간은 이형동조, P4에는 동형동조 협응형태를 보였다. 무릎 상체 협응형태는 내배엽 집단은 3패턴, 외배엽 집단은 1패턴, 중배엽 집단은 2패턴에서 좋은 협응형태를 보였는데, P1구간에는 동형동조, P2구간에는 전환점동조, P3에는 동형동조, P4에는 이형동조의 형태를 보였다. 내배엽체형은 스윙의 크기를 적게 형성하고 하체의 축을 중심으로 회전이 이루어지며 상체의 좌, 우 움직임이 많고 백스윙이 간결한 형태의 스윙을 가졌을 때 가장 좋은 형태를 보였고 중배엽체형은 상체와 하체의 상대적 각도 차이를 크게 가져가며 중심축과 양 힙축을 중심으로 상체의 회전만으로 스윙했을 때 가장 좋은 형태를 보였으며 외배엽체형은 스윙아크의 크기를 최대한으로 크게 형성하여 하나의 중심축으로 상체회전을 시켜 백스윙의 높이를 높게 가졌을 때 가장 효율적인 동작이 형성됨을 본 연구를 통하여 입증되었다.