본 연구는 대학 창의융합수업에서 Appreciative Inquiry 교수학습방법을 적용한 후 창의융합역량 학습 성과 효과를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위하여 창의융합교육을 위한 창의융합역량 학습성과 평가도구를 개발하고 이를 타당화하였다. 이후, 경기도 소재 G 대학교 경영대학원에서 교육경영 교과목을 수강하는 대학원생 12명을 대상으로 교수학습 방법을 적용한 창의융합교육을 실시하고 창의융합역량 학 습성과 효과를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 팀기반 Appreciative Inquiry 교수학습 방법이 학습자의 창의융합역 량 학습성과 증진에 유의미한 역할을 하였다. 학습자-학습자간, 교수자-학습자간 평가로 실시한 학습성 과 평가에서 Appreciative Inquiry의 4D 활동이 혁신적 사고, 다양한 아이디어, 경험의 결합, 협력적 태도 역량 증진에 효과적인 것으로 분석하였다. 이를 통해 창의융합교육에서 학습자의 적극적인 참여와 협업을 바탕으로 긍정적인 분위기의 아이디어 발산과 공유의 팀기반 교수학습 방법이 창의융합역량 학습성과에 효과가 있다 결론을 도출하였다.

Pharmaceutical products occurring in freshwater bodies create numerous problems for the water bodies owing to their bio-toxic nature. In order to remove such pharmaceutical pollutants, a novel Er-doped Bi4O5Br2/ g-C3N5 nanocomposite was prepared by one-pot synthesis and applied for the photocatalytic removal process. The Er ions doped on the surface of Bi4O5Br2/ g-C3N5 nanocomposite exhibited 97% degradation of tetracycline in 60 min under visible light irradiation, which is higher than pure g-C3N5 and Bi4O5Br2 photocatalysts. The improved photocatalytic properties are attributed to the outstanding visible light harvesting capacity and quick charge carrier separation efficiency which greatly reduced the recombination rate in the heterojunctions. Based on radical trapping experiments, the •O2 −, h+ and •OH radicals played a prominent role in the photodegradation reactions under visible light. Finally, the ternary Er-doped Bi4O5Br2/ g-C3N5 nanocomposite is effectively recyclable with quite a stable photocatalytic removal rate. This work enables a new perspective on the rational design of rare-earth-based nanocomposites for various pharmaceutical pollutants treatment processes.

Since ships are exposed to noise and vibration for a long time in seas isolated from land, the stress of workers is high, requiring studies on the improvement of the problem. In addition, the health of crew members on fishing vessels, unlike commercial ships, carrying out fishing activities is closely related to fishing performance. However, considering that most of IMO's guidelines apply to merchant ships, provisions should be made for vibration in accommodation areas of fishing vessels. Accordingly, this study, applying the revised ISO 20283-5:2016 standard and through experiment, investigated the vibration characteristics of the accommodation area for each operating conditions of a 1000-ton trawler fishing vessel. Within the scope of the study and the full-ahead mode, the vibration was highest in the engine control room (4.17mm/s) while the acceptable standard was satisfied sufficiently in all conditions. Application of the merchant vessel vibration standard to fishing vessel is expected to improve the working environment of fishing vessel crew members.

An eco-friendly material was synthesized through interfacial polymerization of aniline on particles of g-C3N4 with arginine, resulting in Arg-PANI@g-C3N4 composite. The as-synthesized composite was characterized by the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The adsorption capability of as-synthesized composite towards Orange G (OG) dye has been evaluated under several experimental conditions, such as the adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, contact time under agitation, pH of dye solution and temperature. Thermodynamics parameters such as free energy (ΔG°), entropy (ΔS°), and enthalpy (ΔH°) were also calculated and suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic in nature. The kinetics data revealed that the adsorption of OG dye onto Arg-PANI@g-C3N4 follows the pseudo-second order kinetics model. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 80.54 mg·g−1. Furthermore, the Arg-PANI@g-C3N4 surface exhibited a Langmuir-like adsorption isotherm in contrast to a Freundlich isotherm due to homogeneous active site distribution. Regeneration investigation showed the excellent reusability of Arg-PANI@g-C3N4 composite during the cleaning up of solution containing OG dye molecules.

Bombyx mandarina (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), the presumed ancestor of B. mori, has long been a subject of study to illustrate the geographic relationships in connection with origin of B. mori. We report 97 mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences of B. mandarina collected from Korea and Japan. Phylogenetic and population genetic analyses showed that all individuals of B. mandarina collected in Korean localities formed a strong group together with all individuals originated from northern China (mainly north of the Qinling-Huaihe line) and some of southern China. This group was placed as the sister group to B. mori strians suggesting that this group had been served as an immediate progenitor for B. mori.

장수풍뎅이(Trypoxylus dichotomus)는 오래 전부터 애완·학습용으로 활용되는 정서곤충으로 곤충산업의 씨 앗이 되는 중요한 곤충이다. 2012년 청원군에서 처음 장수풍뎅이 유충이 일제히 사망한 사례가 있고 2014년부터 비슷한 증상의 사례가 전국적으로 발생했다. 2015년에는 이러한 원인이 장수풍뎅이 누디바이러스(Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus, OrNV)로 인한 것임이 밝혀졌고 2017년에 raw sequencing data가 NCBI에 공개되었지만 추가 분석은 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서, 우리는 국내 장수풍뎅이에서 분리한 누디바이러스(Trypoxylus dichotomus nudivirus, TdNV-KR)로 명명하고, NCBI로부터 수집한 Malaysia, Solomon Islands, Indonesia, Philippines, Palau strain의 OrNV sequence와 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, TdNV-KR의 genome size는 126,408bp임을 확인하였고 다른 OrNV strain이 비해 가장 적은 open reading frames(ORF)를 가지고 있었으며, 3개의 ORF가 TdNV genome에서만 부재함을 확인했다. 또한, Nudivirus core genes의 아미노산 염기서열 비교에서는 Single-nucleotide polymorphism 과 indels(insertion/deletion)로 인해 highly conserved 한 OrNV strain의 sequence들에 비해 TdNV의 시퀀스는 많은 변이/차이를 보였다. 우리의 연구는 누디바이러스의 종간 전파에 대한 이해도를 높이고, 바이러스 간의 유연관계 를 확인함으로써 유입 경로를 추정하여 산업곤충의 질병을 효과적으로 예방하는 데 기여할 것이다.

The GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) is the first instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). G-CLEF is a fiber feed, optical band echelle spectrograph that is capable of extremely precise radial velocity measurement. G-CLEF Flexure Control Camera (FCC) is included as a part in G-CLEF Front End Assembly (GCFEA), which monitors the field images focused on a fiber mirror to control the flexure and the focus errors within GCFEA. FCC consists of an optical bench on which five optical components are installed. The order of the optical train is: a collimator, neutral density filters, a focus analyzer, a reimager and a detector (Andor iKon-L 936 CCD camera). The collimator consists of a triplet lens and receives the beam reflected by a fiber mirror. The neutral density filters make it possible a broad range star brightness as a target or a guide. The focus analyzer is used to measure a focus offset. The reimager focuses the beam from the collimator onto the CCD detector focal plane. The detector module includes a linear translator and a field de-rotator. We performed thermoelastic stress analysis for lenses and their mounts to confirm the physical safety of the lens materials. We also conducted the global structure analysis for various gravitational orientations to verify the image stability requirement during the operation of the telescope and the instrument. In this article, we present the opto-mechanical detailed design of G-CLEF FCC and describe the consequence of the numerical finite element analyses for the design.

In this study, a bipolar visible light responsive photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) was constructed by loading a Z-scheme g-C3N4/ carbon black/BiOBr and a Ti3C2/ MoS2 Schottky heterojunction on the carbon brush to prepare the photoanode and photocathode, respectively. It greatly improved the electron transfer and achieved efficient degradation of organic pollutants such as antibiotics and dyes simultaneously in two chambers of the PFC system. The Z-scheme g-C3N4/carbon black/BiOBr formed by adding highly conductive carbon black to g-C3N4/BiOBr not only effectively separates the photogenerated carriers, but also simultaneously retains the high reduction of the conduction band of g-C3N4 and the high oxidation of the valence band of BiOBr, improving the photocatalytic performance. The exceptional performance of Ti3C2/ MoS2 Schottky heterojunction originated from the superior electrical conductivity of Ti3C2 MXene, which facilitated the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Meanwhile, the synergistic effect of the two photoelectrodes further improved the photocatalytic performance of the PFC system, with degradation rates of 90.9% and 99.9% for 50 mg L− 1 tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and 50 mg L− 1 rhodamine-B (RhB), respectively, within 180 min. In addition, it was found that the PFC also exhibited excellent pollutant degradation rates under dark conditions (79.7%, TCH and 97.9%, RhB). This novel pollutant degradation system is expected to provide a new idea for efficient degradation of multiple pollutant simultaneously even in the dark.

To solve the problem of water pollution, researchers have proposed a photocatalytic degradation technology, in which the key factor is the development of efficient photocatalytic materials. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), an n-type semiconductor, has been widely studied due to its suitable band gap (2.7 eV), low cost, easy preparation, non-toxicity, and high photostability. However, the pure-phase g-C3N4 still has defects such as low specific surface area, insufficient visible light absorption, low charge mobility, few active sites for interfacial reaction, and easy recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, which leads to the lower photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, this paper focus on the synthesis of g-C3N4-based composites with high photocatalytic activity via lemon juice induction method. Thiourea and lemon juice were selected as precursors, and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as electron mediators were introduced anchoring on the surface of g-C3N4 to build g-C3N4/CQDs with compact interface. The results showed that small-sized CQDs are uniformly distributed on the surface of g-C3N4, and the g-C3N4/CQDs composite has a 2D0D structure, which reduces the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 4% g-C3N4/CQDs for RhB reaches the highest data of 90.9%, and the photocatalytic degradation rate is 0.016 min− 1, which is about 2.3 times that of g-C3N4. After four cycles of photocatalytic reaction, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the material remained at 81.7%. Therefore, the g-C3N4/CQDs synthesized via lemon juice induction has a more stable microstructure, and the charge separation efficiency is greatly improved, which is suitable for practical photocatalytic environmental protection.

상피하종양은 위내시경 중 우연히 발견되고 특히 위에서 자주 발견된다. 십이지장에서도 발견될 수 있는데, 특히 유두부 주위에 융기된 병변이 관찰되면 총담관이나 췌장과의 관계를 평가해야 하며 상피하종양뿐만 아니라 암이나 자가면역질환도 감별 진단에 고려하여야 한다. 이 증례의 환자는 내시경 검사 중 우연히 유두부 주위에서 상피하종양으로 의심되는 병변이 발견되어 진료 의뢰되었다. 환자는 무증상이었고, 신체 진찰 및 혈액 검사 소견은 정상이었다. 내시경적 조직 검사 결과에는 특이 소견은 없었으나 영상 검사 등을 종합하였을 때 악성 가능성을 완전히 배제할 수 없었다. 따라서 수술로 팽대부 절제술을 시행하였고, 조직 검사 결과 IgG4 연관 팽대부염으로 진단되었다.

Dose-rate monitoring instruments are indispensable to protect workers from the potential risk of radiation exposure, and are commonly calibrated in terms of the ambient dose equivalent (H*(10)), an operational quantity that is widely used for area monitoring. Plastic scintillation detectors are ideal equipment for dosimetry because of their advantages of low cost and tissue equivalence. However, these detectors are rarely used owing to the characteristics caused by low-atomic-number elements, such as low interaction coefficients and poor gamma-ray spectroscopy. In this study, we calculated the G(E) function to utilize a plastic scintillation detector in spectroscopic dosimetry applications. Numerous spectra with arbitrary energies of gamma rays and their H*(10) were calculated using Monte Carlo simulations and were used to obtain the G(E) function. We acquired three different types of G(E) functions using the least-square and first-order methods. The performances of the G(E) functions were compared with one another, including the conventional total counting method. The performance was evaluated using 133Ba, 137Cs, 152Eu, and 60Co radioisotopes in terms of the mean absolute percentage error between the predicted and true H*(10) values. In addition, we confirmed that the dose-rate prediction errors were within acceptable uncertainty ranges and that the energy responses to 137Cs of the G(E) function satisfied the criteria recommended by the International Commission.

A heat exchanger refers to a pressure vessel that indirectly exchanges heat between low-temperature/ high-temperature fluids with a solid wall interposed therebetween, and a shell-and-tube cylindrical heat exchanger is generally applied. The shell-and-tube cylindrical heat exchanger is widely used in ships and there is a problem in that the welding area is narrow and welding defects occur a lot due to high-level welding. In particular, in the case of a ship heat exchanger, if a problem occurs in the welding part during operation, the possibility of a safety accident is high, and repair is not easy. In this study, to solve this problem, the GTAW(Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) method was applied to secure the optimum conditions for pipe welding of STS304 material with a thickness of 5.5mm and to conduct a test. Afterwards, in accordance with the ASME rules, welding performance was verified through cross-sectional observation of welds, mechanical property tests, (tensile strength, bending strength, cryogenic impact strength) and non-destructive testing(PT, RT).

광전기화학 성능을 향상시키기 위해 각 ZnO, ZnSe과 g-C3N4 소재의 장점을 살리도록 3성분계 적층 구조를 디자 인했다. 용액공정으로 FTO 기판위에서 ZnO 나노로드 어레이가 성장하도록 한 후 ZnO표면에 Se을 부착시켜 ZnO표면에 서 ZnSe층이 형성 되도록 이온 치환법을 도입하였다. ZnO/ZnSe 나노로드 위에 g-C3N4 층을 스핀코팅 한 후 각 층이 화 학적 접합이 되도록 질소 분위기 하에서 열처리를 하였다. AM 1.5G, 0.5 V 외부전압하에서 각 적층구조별로 광전기화학 적 전류밀도를 측정하였고 비교 결과 ZnO/ZnSe/g-C3N4 나노로드가 ZnO 및 ZnO/ZnSe 나노로드에 비하여 보다 높은 광 전류 밀도가 측정되었다. 수직 정렬된 ZnO 육각 프리즘형태는 큰 비표면적과 축 방향을 따라 전자 흐름을 원활히 하고, ZnSe 층은 비표면적과 광흡수 범위를 더욱 넗히는 효과를 가져왔다. 이로 인하여 ZnO/ZnSe/g-C3N4 삼원 접합 전극의 향상된 성능은 가시광선 흡수범위 확장, 전하 분리 강화 및 전자 전도도 향상으로 인한 시너지 효과에 기인되는 것으로 판단된다.