Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) has generally been used for the manufacture of animal feed and production of bio fuel. Limited research has been conducted in the utilization of SMS as a co-material for composting. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of composting vegetable waste mixed with various ratios of SMS (30, 40, and 50%). The results showed that the C/N ratio decreased when both sawdust (from 22.0~28.8 to 17.7~20.4) and SMS (from 18.5~19.5 to 12.7~16.8) were applied for composing, owing to increased contents of nitrogen. A maturity test conducted using mechanical (Solvita) and germination tests revealed that both sawdust (92.0~101.9%) and SMS (87.8~89.2%) satisfied a criteria of maturity standard (70%). A correlation analysis between compost maturity and its chemical properties revealed that the C/N ratio and pH were the most dominant parameters for compost maturity. Overall, SMS could be utilized as a compost material and especially, vegetable waste mixed with SMS could provide sufficient nutrients for crop growth.

A total of 35 phosphate solubilizing bacterial strains were isolated from waste mushroom bed of Agar-icus bisporus in Buyeo-Gun, Chungnam and screened for the production of indole acetic acid (IAA). The best IAAproducing strain was identified as Pantoea rodasii using 16S rRNA analysis. In addition to the IAA production, thisstrain could act as an efficient phosphate solubilizer (1100µg ml-1 after 5days of incubation) also. The selected strainwas cultured under different conditions in order to assess the optimum conditions for maximum IAA production. Thenutrient broth (NB) medium was recorded as the best medium, where the maximum IAA production (229µg ml-1)was recorded at the start of stationary phase (12hours after inoculation) of the bacteria growth. The performanceof the strain was found to be maximum at the temperature of 30℃ followed by 25℃. IAA production was foundto be increased with increasing tryptophan concentration (from 0.1 to 0.6%), however beyond this limit, a slight reduc-tion in IAA production was observed. The strains’ ability to produce IAA was further confirmed by extraction ofcrude IAA and subsequent TLC analysis. A specific spot from the extracted IAA preparation was found correspondingwith the standard spot of IAA with same Rf value. The results of HPLC analysis conducted in identifying and quan-tifying the IAA production more precisely, are in agreement with the results of the assessment done with colorimetricmethod. As revealed by the results of the pot experiment, the isolated strain could significantly enhance the growth(as measured by shoot and root growth) of mung bean plants compared to that of non-inoculated plants. Thereforeit can be concluded that the present strain, Pantoea rodasii has great potential to be used as bio-inoculants.

A xylanase bacteria, isolated from Waste Mushroom bed of Agaricus bisporus in Sukseong-myeon, Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, was used to produce an xylanase in shaker buffle flask cultures containing oat spelt xylans. This strain was screen onto xylan agar congo-red plate by the xylanolysis method. The phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequence data showed that Bacillus subtilisstrain 55 had the highest homology (99.0%) with Bacillus subtilisand it was named Bacillus subtilisstrain 55. Bacteria grows and activity maximum during 2 days. The xylanase enzyme was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation (50~80%), gel filtration on sephacryl S-300, and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE sepharose FF. The molecular weight determined by SDS-PAGE method. Enzyme size was 44kDa. The optimal pH of the xylanase activity was pH 7, and stability pH 6. The optimal temperature for the xylanase activity and stability was showed same temperature at 50℃. The purified xylnase had Kmvalue and Vmax of 20㎎/㎖ and 2500μM/min respectively. The enzyme was active on oat spelt xylan, beechwood xylan and little activity on starch substrate specificity. Enzyme activity was enhanced by Fe2+and Mn2+and strongly inhibited by Hg+.

본 연구는 팽이버섯의 병재배용 폐배지를 이용하여 폐상퇴비를 제조하고 퇴비의 이화학성 및 미생물을 분석한 내용이다. 폐상퇴비의 유기물 함량은 43.29%, 유기물함량/질소비는 27.00, 전질소함량은 1.60%, 수분함량은 46.48%, 염농도는 0,64%, 는 1.32%, 1.18%로 나타났다. 퇴비내 존재하는 미생물의 수는 (cfu/g)으로 나타났으며, 이들 미생물을 동정한 결과 대부분이 Bacillus sp.으로 나타났고 주로 B. lentimobus, B. coagulans, B. brevis, Clostridium thermocellum, Escherichia coli 등이 존재하였고, 방선균류는 주로 Streptomyces thermovulgaris, S. thermofuscus 등 Streptomyce sp.가 주종이며, Micropolyspora faeni도 존재하였다. 곰팡이류는 Aspergillus sp. 나 Penicillum sp. 등이 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다.

Korea belongs to a very fast growing market for coffee consumption and at the same time the amount of coffee waste has also been proportionally increased, But until now on only a small amount of coffee waste is utilized as a fertilizer, even it contains many kinds of valuable substances for agricultural purpose. With several treatment-technology of coffee waste a higher productivity can be established in combination with additional supplements. In this study the roasting effect of coffee waste was compared in combination with other substances in terms of mushroom cultivation. Roasted coffee waste contains many kinds of bio-active compounds and minerals and such components are very useful for plants, fungi and mushroom cultivation. We tried to develop a more effective and efficient medium for mushroom. Mushroom belong to typical health food and the consuming amount is also increasing. Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the most popular mushroom. The growing market and fast cultivation has been demanding. A qualified media with reasonable price is an important factor, because why coffee waste has a good value for mushroom production. In this study Pleurotus ostreatus spores were cultivated in roasted coffee waste with addition of variable substances, for example, bentonite and hydrogel. By the counting number of spores the effect of these added substances were compared.