본 시험은 유기농 사과과원에서 생육초기인 5월과 6월에 ‘후지’ 사과나무 주위를 청결상태로 유지했을 때 잎과 토양의 무기성분 및 수체생장과 수확량에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 조기예초구 (5월과 6월에 예초)는 관행예초구(6월말 한번 예초)보다 높은 예초량 발생으로 수체에 높은 무기성분을 공급하였지만 토양과 잎의 칼륨함량을 증가시킨 것 이외에는 다른 무기성분에는 별다른 영향이 없었다. 하지만 엽내 칼륨은 관행재배에서 보고한 기준치보다 낮은 농도를 나타내었다. 두 처리 모두 재배 중기까지 토양에 약 200 g 전후의 전질소를 공급하여서 8년생 사과나무가 요구로 하는 질소량을 충족시켰다. 조기예초구는 수체의 수관증가와 원면적을 증가시킴으로써 과실의 수량을 관행예초구 보다 증가시켰다.

This study was conducted to select native ground cover plants for sod culture in an organic apple orchard by estimating the effect of three native ground cover plants, Glechoma hederacea, Thymus magnus, and Ixeris stolonifera, on the soil coverage, time-periodic weed occurrence, fruit characteristics, and soil chemical properties. The plant height of G. hederace, T. magnus and I. stolonifera were 15.0 ㎝, 13.4 ㎝ and 7.2 ㎝, respectively. The dry weight of G. hederace, T. magnus and I. stolonifera were 463 ㎏/10a, 247 ㎏/10a, and 255 ㎏/10a, respectively. The plant height and dry weight of G. hederacea were higher than in the other species. T. magnus and I. stolonifera having relatively lower soil cover rate during their life cycle produced a lot of weeds in the orchard as compared with the control. In contrast, G. hederacea showed 100 percentage of ground cover in the first year, and maintained high percentage of ground cover in the growing season of ‘Tsugaru’ apple for another 2 years. When the soil was covered with G. hederacea in the orchard for 3 years, the amount of weed was only 114 ㎏/10a and number of weeding was also reduced about 33% compared with control as well as the other species. There were no differences in the tree growth and fruit characteristics between the native ground cover plants and the control; however, positive effects of native ground cover plants on soil chemical properties were found. In G. hederacea, available P2O4content in soils remarkably increased and was a significant difference among native species. In addition, cation (Ca, Mg and K) content in soils increased by 39% in Ca, 6% in Mg, and 11% in K at G. hederacea compared with control. These results suggest that G. hederacea could be advantageous in terms of reducing the amount of herbicide applied and the labor required for weed control, and controlling soil chemical properties; therefore, it is a good candidate for sod culture in an organic apple orchard.

관행재배 과원의 토양에 여러 유기질 퇴비를 시비하였을 경우 배 과실의 품질특성의 차이를 구명하고자 실시하였다. 8년생 신고배에 쌀겨퇴비, 커피박퇴비, 키친퇴비(미생물지킴이(R)) 및 위의 3종 유기질 비료 복합 처리구를 배치하고 주당 10 kg 을 시비하였고, 대조구는 화학비료를 주당 60 g 시비하였다. 과실당도나 경도, 산도에서는 복합처리구에서 대조구보다 높았고 석세포 함량은 모든 유기질 비료처리구에서 대조구보다 낮았다. 과피와 과육에서의 D