This study was carried out to evaluate the basic characteristics of red wine processed from ‘Cheongsan (Vitis amurensis)’ grape cultivar. In order to compare the quality of ‘Cheongsan’ red wine, ‘Campbell Early’ and ‘Muscat Bailey A, MBA’ red wines were also utilized for this study. The pH of the red wines produced from ‘Cheongsan’, ‘Campbell Early’ and ‘MBA’ were 3.1, 3.6 and 4.0, respectively. Tannin, polyphenol, and anthocyanin contents of the ‘Cheongsan’ red wine were 2,939 mg/L, 1,516.2 mg/ L, and 1,882.4 mg/L, respectively. These values were about twice those of ‘Campbell Early’ and ‘MBA’ red wines. The antioxidant level of ‘Cheongsan’ red wine was found to be 5,413.9 mg/L, which was also two times higher than 'Campbell Early' and 'MBA' red wines. Although the acidity of ‘Cheongsan’ red wine is relatively high, ‘Cheongsan’ red wine contains a lot of tannin, matures over an extended period of time and has excellent antioxidant properties. These results indicated that 'Chengsan' grape could be an excellent source for production of high quality red wine.

Different timings of coverage by a small paper bag at the young fruit stage were tested in order to evaluate the effect on the protection of fruit damage occurred by disease or pest, and quality deterioration during organic cultivation of 'Hwasan' (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) pear cultivar. The occurrence of four major moth populations and two major diseases in pears were monitored from April to September 2015. Among major moths and diseases, Grapholita molesta and pear rust were found often in the organic pear orchard, and they were observed frequently in May. Coverage by a small paper bag at the young fruit stage resulted in better fruit quality and a higher proportion of commercial fruits compared to a coverage timing of conventional paper bag. Interestingly, the fastest coverage timing of a small paper bag at the young fruit stage (when it was covered in April) showed the lowest occurrence of damaged fruits, which indicates that it successfully protected fruits from the damage caused by moths and diseases during April and May. Moreover, this timing of small paper bag coverage did not negatively affect the major qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruits. These results suggest that early coverage by a small paper bag at the young fruit stage can be considered an efficient management strategy for organic cultivation of ‘Hwasan’ pear cultivar.

'Green King', a new green tetraploid table grape cultivar with large berries, was originated from a cross between ‘Tensyu’ and ‘Beni Fuji’ grape cultivar in 2000. The cultivar was preliminarily selected among the elite breeding lines for its superior growth characteristics in 2005. After an extensive three-year evaluation of fruit and tree characteristics as 'GWG2002-02', 'Green King' was finally selected in 2008. Under Chuncheon’s ecological conditions, the average harvest date for 'Green King' is 6 September, and the number of days from flowering to harvest is 88 days. Hence, it is 12 days shorter than 'Rosario Bianco'. The average weight of a cluster in 'Green King' is 379.6 g, and its yield is 1,852 kg/10a. It has larger fruit size and higher fruit productivity than ‘Rosario Bianco’ (Registration No. 3560).

‘스위트 드림’은 2009년 강원도 농업기술원의 포도육종 프 로그램에 랙’과 2배체 품종인 ‘캠벨얼리’에 교잡을 통해서 얻 어졌다. ‘스위트 드림’의 과실과 나무의 생육 특성은 2006년부 터 2008년까지 조사되었으며, 2009년 최종 선발되었다. 춘천 에서 ‘스위트 드림’의 최적 수확기는 9월 11일로 대조품종인 ‘캠벨얼리’보다 11일 가량 늦다. ‘스위트 드림’은 수세가 강하 며, 춘천에서 겨울 동안 동해 피해가 발생하지 않아 적당한 수 준의 내한성을 가지고 있다. ‘스위트 드림’의 평균 과방중은 440 g 수준이며, 평균가용성 당함량은 16.4 °Brix이다. ‘스위트 드림’은 무핵포도로서 ‘캠벨얼리’ 보다 큰 과실과 고품질을 가지고 있다. 따라서 ‘스위트 드림’의 보급은 국내 포도 품종의 다양화와 고급화에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

This study was conducted to select native ground cover plants for sod culture in an organic apple orchard by estimating the effect of three native ground cover plants, Glechoma hederacea, Thymus magnus, and Ixeris stolonifera, on the soil coverage, time-periodic weed occurrence, fruit characteristics, and soil chemical properties. The plant height of G. hederace, T. magnus and I. stolonifera were 15.0 ㎝, 13.4 ㎝ and 7.2 ㎝, respectively. The dry weight of G. hederace, T. magnus and I. stolonifera were 463 ㎏/10a, 247 ㎏/10a, and 255 ㎏/10a, respectively. The plant height and dry weight of G. hederacea were higher than in the other species. T. magnus and I. stolonifera having relatively lower soil cover rate during their life cycle produced a lot of weeds in the orchard as compared with the control. In contrast, G. hederacea showed 100 percentage of ground cover in the first year, and maintained high percentage of ground cover in the growing season of ‘Tsugaru’ apple for another 2 years. When the soil was covered with G. hederacea in the orchard for 3 years, the amount of weed was only 114 ㎏/10a and number of weeding was also reduced about 33% compared with control as well as the other species. There were no differences in the tree growth and fruit characteristics between the native ground cover plants and the control; however, positive effects of native ground cover plants on soil chemical properties were found. In G. hederacea, available P2O4content in soils remarkably increased and was a significant difference among native species. In addition, cation (Ca, Mg and K) content in soils increased by 39% in Ca, 6% in Mg, and 11% in K at G. hederacea compared with control. These results suggest that G. hederacea could be advantageous in terms of reducing the amount of herbicide applied and the labor required for weed control, and controlling soil chemical properties; therefore, it is a good candidate for sod culture in an organic apple orchard.

본 연구에서는 4배체에서 염색체가 가감된 hypo-, hypertetraploid 포도들의 수체생육과 과실의 특성을 검정함으로서, 이들의 특성을 이용한 대립계 무핵포도 품종 육성 가능성에 대해서 검토하고자 하였다. Hypo-, hyper-tetraploid 포도들은 다른 이수체식물들에서 보고되었던 엽의 기형이나 수체생육의 불균일 현상 없이 4배체 포도인 ‘거봉’과 유사한 생육상을 보여 재배적으로 활용하는데 문제가 없는 것으로 나타났다. Hypo-teraploid 포도에서 만개기에 GA3 100 ppm 1회 처리 시 완전 무핵과 과실을 형성하였고, 과립도 8.5∼10.5 g 사이로 대립성 과실을 형성하였다. 하지만, Hyper-teraploid 포도는 hypo-teraploid 포도들에 비해 큰 과립을 가진 포도를 형성하였으나 낮은 무핵율을 나타나게 되는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 hypo-tetraploid 포도들의 특성을 이용하는 것은 대립계 무핵포도를 육성하기 위한 유용한 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the strain characteristics of frame retrofitting grid-type seismic member. The experimental investigation consisted of a cyclic load tests of one story-one bay reinforced concrete frame retrofitting grid-type seismic member.

Recent earthquake of incidence is increasing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the strain characteristics of bare frame with non-seismic details. The experimental investigation consisted of a cyclic load tests on 1/3-scale models of one story-one bay bare reinforced concrete frame.

Earthquakes are very dangerous. They exemplify the true power of nature and cannot be avoid. Coupled shear walls are walls connected by moment- resisting members. The main subject investigated in this research project is the influence of steel fibers on the behaviour of coupling beams in shear.

Based on the study of chloride migration coefficient and hydration heat evolution, it was found that the use of ternary blended cement was effective to achieve desired service life and minimum crack index. On the other hand, a high level of compressive strength is required for marine concrete mix design.

This paper addresses failure modes of steel fiber coupling beams containing steel fiber. It shows that steel fiber of coupling beams efficiently controlled increase of crack width by bridge action.

The objective of this study is to investigated the compressive characteristics properties used cement paste containing Silica Fume Binder with elapsed curing time.

The objective of this study is to investigated the compressive characteristics properties used cement paste containing 30% blast furnace slag with curing days.

The objective of this study is to investigated the compressive characteristics properties used cement paste containing 20% fly ash with curing days.

Reinforced concrete coupled shear wall systems in medium and high-rise construction, where RC beams couple two or more RC walls have been frequently used. The objective of this study is to investigate seismic behavior of coupled shear wall according to the replacement ratio of headed-bar.

Hybrid coupled shear wall with steel coupling beam has often been used to resisting system of earthquake load and transverse load. This study addresses the strain characteristics of coupling beam in hybrid wall system.

In this study, KS F 2405 was used to investigated the compressive strength of property of high performance concrete (HPC) using the fly ash and silica fume. The experiments were carried out silica fume-binder ratio from 5% (SF5) and fly ash 25%+silica fume 5% (FA25SF5). The compressive strength of HPC determined on 7days and 28days.

In this study, KS F 2438 was used to investigated the modulus of elasticity of high performance concrete (HPC) of replacement fly ash, and test results were compared with existing equations. Korea, America and Japan have to use cylinder specimens by KCI(2011). However, in this study was used cubic specimens and the experimental variable of this study is size of cubic specimens.

Reinforced concrete coupled shear wall systems in medium and high-rise construction, where RC beams couple two or more RC walls have been frequently used. The objective of this study is to investigate seismic performance of coupling beam with headed bar.

The coupling beams provide transfer of vertical forces between adjacent shear walls in coupled shear wall system, which creates a frame-like coupling action that resists lots of the total overturning moment induced by the wind load or seismic load. The purpose of this study is to investigate the strain characteristics performance of coupling beams with headed bar.