Speeding is one of the principal causes of traffic accidents that harm not only the safety of pedestrians but also the driver himself and others. However, empirical studies on speeding behavior are mostly survey research and identification of cause-and-effect relationship is unclear. Also the reliability of the study results cannot be verified using retrospective methods. To complement this point, it is important to conduct an experimental study, but realworld field research using real vehicles is almost impossible to apply equally to all subjects by controlling surrounding vehicles and signal systems. Therefore, in this study, we compared the overspeed characteristics of high risk driver types using driving simulator. The high risk driver types were divided in to four types: elderly driver, commercial driver, driver with more than 10 years of driving experience, and driver within 2 years of license acquisition. The overspeed characteristics were identified by using an index called Accumulated Speeding (AS). Based on overspeed characteristics differences between driver types, it is expected that additional education by driver type will be possible in the safety education using Driving Simulator.

In this study, eye movements of drivers on expressway ramps were comprehensively investigated using raw data from driving simulator and eye tracker(MyGaze) deducted though the previous study. Based on the literature review, several parameters including number of fixations, fixation time, horizontal & vertical eye movements, and gaze position were selected. With them, eye movements of older drivers and young drivers were compared and investigated. Average fixation time of older drivers is shorter and tend to focus more on the inside road edge for both left and right turning ramps comparing young drivers. Also, they tend to look wider at right turning ramp. All driver’s fixation points were spread along the inside road edge for both left and right turning ramps. Currently, road delineating facilities are installed on the side where centrifugal force is applied. However, considering the result, it should be installed where centripetal force is applied. In addition, road line marking management should be more taken care of. For future study, vehicle’s speed is also in need of consideration with eye movement.

Hard Shoulder Running is one of the ways to handle road traffic by installing LCS signals on the shoulder, making use of the shoulder as a straight road during rush hour, and thereby increasing the capacity of the road in the short term. Since it was first introduced on Youngdong Expressway in September 2007, it has been implemented in 32 highway sections and has improved the speed of traffic. The Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway, which is a private investment toll road, introduced Hard Shoulder Running only for some sections in 2014, but due to the geomorphic characteristics of the lanes with many tunnel sections, It did not perform the function of Hard Shoulder Running. Therefore, they are considering expanding the tunnel section of Hard Shoulder Running, and it is necessary to examine the safety of the tunnel part to implement this. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the change of geometry, such as reduction of lane width in tunnels, and the installation of various guiding facilities, on the safety of tunnels by applying a driving simulator. Virtual reality data were constructed at 3.25m and 3.0m respectively in the tunnel section of the Seongjong Tunnel of Seoul-Chuncheon Expressway and Geumnam Tunnel to determine the feasibility of Hard Shoulder Running and appropriate speed and lane width. EEG was used for analysis. The test subjects were 15 young drivers / 15 old drivers. Analysis items were classified into four categories: driving speed, steering wheel operation, lateral placement of vehicle, and driver's psychological factors. As a result of analysis of the experimental results, it was confirmed that the allowance width of outer wall and m of tunnels was secured, and the lane width of 3.0 m was stable in terms of driver driving behavior, and operation speed was lower than 50 km/h.

Applicability of corrosion inhibitor was evaluated using pilot scale water distribution pipe simulator. Calcium hydroxide was used as corrosion inhibitor and the corrosion indices of the water were investigated. Corrosion indices, Langelier saturation index (LI) increased by 0.8 and calcium carbonate precipitation potential (CCPP) increased by 9.8 mg/L. This indicated that corrosivity of water decreased by corrosion inhibitor and the effects lasted for 18 days. Optimum calcium hydroxide dose was found to be 3~5 mg/L for corrosion inhibition. We suggest that monitoring of CCPP as well as LI need to be conducted to control corrosivity of water.

The purpose of this study is to design and control position and torque based on the steering controller of power tiller simulator developed by the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences. The tiller simulator selects sensors and motors to detect the motion of the mechanism required for steering, and controls the tiller's steering controller through the PID control method and the PWM control method which can control simultaneously the position and torque. Simulation tests are carried out under various conditions to verify the efficiency of the proposed controller. The power tiller training simulator can be used as a means to prevent agricultural machinery accidents caused by human factors. Through the simulator, the driver can experience a variety of tasks without any risk of collision, the results of his actions, and learn the cause and effect concepts, which can be used for safety education and accident experience.

PURPOSES : This study analyzed the difference in a driver’s workload between using a driving simulator and field driving in tunnel, highway.METHODS: Based on the literature review, it was found that a driver’s workload could be quantified using biosignals. This study analyzed the biosignal data of 30 participants using data collected while they were using a driving simulator and during a field test involving tunnel driving. Relative energy parameter was used for biosignal analysis.RESULTS : The driver’s workload was different between the driving simulator and field driving in tunnels, highway. Compared with the driving simulator test, the driver’s workload exhibited high value in field driving. This result was significant at the 0.05 level. The same result was observed before the tunnel entrance section and 200 m after the entrance section.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the driving simulator effect that drivers feel safer and more comfortable using a driving simulator than during a field test. Future studies should be designed considering the result of this study, age, type of simulator, study site and so on.

원자력 발전 이후에 누적되는 사용후핵연료를 해소하기 위한 다양한 연구가 시도되고 있으며, 특히 건식으로 사용후핵연료 를 재활용하는 파이로 공정이 주목되고 있다. 파이로 공정의 공학규모 실증을 위하여 대형 공정셀을 구비한 PRIDE 시설이 구축되었다. 파이로 공정에 사용되는 용융염의 화학반응성을 고려하여, 공정셀 내부는 아르곤 분위기를 유지한다. 결과적으 로, 작업자가 공정셀 내부에 진입할 수 없으며, 공정셀 내부에 설치된 모든 공정장치는 원격수단에 의해 공정셀 밖에서 원격 조작을 통해 수행한다. 따라서, 공정셀에 설치되는 공정장치는, 설계단계에서 부터 원격작업을 고려하여 설계되어야 하며, 공정셀에 반입하기 전에 원격으로 작동이 가능한지 철저히 검증하여야 한다. 만약, 공정셀에 반입되어 작동하는 단계에서 문제가 발생하는 경우, 장치를 반출하여 수정한 후 재반입하기까지 많은 비용과 시간을 허비하게 된다. 공정장치의 원격성 검증을 위하여, 물리적인 목업을 사용할 뿐 아니라, 설계단계에서 3D 모델을 활용한 가상 검증이 가능하다. 본 연구는, 가상공간에 PRIDE 공정셀을 구성하고, 설계된 공정장치 3D 모델을 입력하여, 원격조작성을 검증하기 위한 PRIDE 3D 시뮬레이터 개발에 관한 것이다. 실제 PRIDE 공정셀의 형상과 공정셀에 설치되는 원격운전 및 유지보수 장치의 움직임을 가상공간에 구현하고, 공정장치의 3D 모델을 실제 설치할 장소에 위치할 수 있도록 하였다. PRIDE 공정셀에 설치 될 전해공정장치의 전극교체 작업을 시뮬레이션 시나리오로 설정하여, 개발된 PRIDE 3D 시뮬레이터의 사용성을 검증하고 자 하였다. 8단계로 이루어진 원격작업 시나리오를 구성하여, 각 단계의 원격작업을 성공적으로 모사함으로써, PRIDE 공정 셀의 원격성 평가를 성공적으로 수행하였다.

PURPOSES: Traffic safety facilities are used to prevent traffic accidents before they occur by providing drivers with information on traffic situations and the geometric design of roads. However, some facilities not defined in guidelines do not meet installation criteria, yet are being installed and used in order to increase efficiency in traffic flow and prevent traffic accidents in a specific expressway zone. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of delineation system which are not defined in the guideline criteria. METHODS : Different virtual scenarios were created for roads using expressway median barrier chevron signs, with a driving simulator used to evaluate the installation and operational effect of such signs. Ten experiments were performed with left- and right-curved roads at curve radius intervals of 500 m, from 500 m to 2,500 m. RESULTS: For sections with a curve radius of more than 1,500 m, drivers had a clear tendency toward stable driving regardless of delineation system. When a chevron sign is installed on a protection fence in the road curving left, an expanded installation is recommended up to the section with a curve radius of 1,000 m. According to the analysis results for the RHB (Relative High Beta spectrum), driving concentration also improved up to a curve radius of 1,000 m. CONCLUSIONS: The experiment result indicates the extent of biasing within a lane and the manipulation amount of steering handle, were analyzed and found to be affected by curve radius and road alignment regardless of delineation system.

PURPOSES: This study aims to evaluate the effects of vehicle dynamic behaviors on ride quality. METHODS: Simulation and field test were conducted to analyze the behavior of a driving vehicle. The simulation program CarSIM was applied and an INS (Inertial Navigation System) was used for field experiments. A small simulator was developed to simulate vehicle behavior such as roll, pitch, and bounce. The panels evaluated the ride quality in five stages from “very satisfied”to “very dissatisfied.”Experiments were conducted on a total of 144 cases of vehicle behavior combinations. RESULTS: In both simulation and field tests, pitch is the largest and yaw the smallest. Especially in the field test, the amount of yaw is very low, about 7% of pitch and 18% of roll. The sensitive and extensive analysis conducted related ride quality with changing the frequency and amplitude. It was found that the most sensitive frequency range is 8 Hz across all amplitudes. Moreover, the combination of the roll and bounce was most sensitive to the ride quality at the low-frequency range. CONCLUSIONS: This result show that the vertical vehicle behavior (bounce) as well as the rotational behavior (roll and pitch) are highly correlated with ride quality. Therefore, it is expected that a more reasonable roughness index can be developed through a combination of vertical and rotational vehicle behavior.

본 논문은 시뮬레이터 시스템이 가지는 복잡성과 확장성 문제를 해결하기 위한 방법으로 웹 기술을 이용한 선박운항 시뮬레이터 프레임워크를 제안한다. 기존 시뮬레이터 시스템의 필수 기능을 분석하고, 이를 대체할 수 있는 웹 기반 기술을 선별하여 프레임워크를 구성하였다. 또한, 이를 바탕으로 서버와 클라이언트 핵심 기술을 구현하였으며, 이를 통합하여 웹 브라우저를 통해 사용이 가능한 선박운항 시뮬레이터 시스템의 시작품을 제작하였다. 제작된 시작품은 시험평가를 통해 시간과 장소의 제약을 받지 않고 다수의 사용자가 동시에 시뮬레이션 서비스를 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였으며, 향후 다양한 시뮬레이션 분야에 적용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

전세계 해상 조난 및 안전제도의 시행에 따라 GMDSS 통신설비의 운용과 이에 대한 정확안 활용이 요구된다. 본 연구의 목적은 GMDSS 시뮬레이션 교육이 해상무선통신사의 해상용 통신기기 및 운용에 관한 이해력을 평가하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 A1해역에서 발생한 조난신호에 대한 처리능력을 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 전송하는 단일 시나리오는 적용하여 남 녀 10명에게 상활을 이해하고 처리하는 능력을 평가하였다. 평가결과 시뮬레이션을 이용한 시나리오 전략 교수는 연구대상자의 조난상황 처리능력을 향상시키고 해상통신기기 및 활용에 대한 이해력을 높이는 것으로 평가되었다.

Aircraft simulators are very useful tools to study aircraft behaviour and to develop flight control systems. Nowadays, these simulators are used for UAV's development. In this paper, a PC-based aircraft simulator system is developed by the LabVIEW software. It consists of a simulation program run on a computer, an input stick, and a control surface. The simulation program calculates aircraft dynamics and displays aircraft motion by a 3D graphic object. The program measures the movement of the input stick and rotates the control surface as commanded. The simulator system has been demonstrated by several simulation tests. The system will be used for UAV development.