In this study, the effects of intake of Acer mono Max. seed oil, and Magnolia denudata seed oil on the lipid levels of mouse blood were compared to those of commercially available vegetable oils. FiveICR mice were each fed a corn oil, Acer mono Max. seed oil, and Magnolia denudata seed oil supplemented diet for a total of 8 weeks. The serum profiles of mice fed Acer mono Max. seed oil and Magnolia denudata seed oil were high in palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. The saturated fatty acid contents of mice fed Acer mono Max. seed oil and Magnolia denudata seed oil were 3.95% and 0.88%, whereas the unsaturated fatty acid contents were 8.71% and 4.60%, respectively. The liver and spleen weights of mice fed Acer mono Max. seed oil were higher than those fed corn oil (p<0.05). Total cholesterol level was highest in mice fed Acer mono Max. seed oil (p<0.05), whereas there were no significant changes in the cholesterol levels of mice fed Magnolia denudata seed oil and corn oil. The HDL-cholesterol levels in mice fed Acer mono Max. seed oil (175.80±27.66 ㎎/㎗) and in those fed Magnolia denudata seed oil (145.20±19.10 ㎎/㎗) were higher compared to those of mice fed corn oil (p<0.05). In conclusion, there were no significant differences in fatty acid composition between mice fed Acer mono Max. seed oil and Magnolia denudata seed oil. Future study on the antioxidant effects of seed oils should be carried out.

On the analysis of triacylglycerol (TG) from the kernels of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus by reversed phase-HPLC, it was separated into three main fractions of PN 44, 46 and 48, according to partition number (PN). On the contrary, it could be clearly classified into seven fractions of SMM, MMM, SMD, MMD, SDD, MDD and MDT by silver ion-HPLC by the number of double bond in the acyl chains of TG species. But resolution of so-called critical pairs of TG molecular species such as molecular pairs of PeLL [C18:1Ω12/(C18:2Ω6)2] and OLL [C18:1Ω9/(C18:2Ω6)2] and OOL [(C18:1Ω9)2/C18:2Ω6], and PePeL [(C18:2Ω12)2/C18:1Ω6] was not achieved (Pe; petroselinic acid, L; linoleic acid, O; oleic acid). On the other hand, TG extracted from Aralia continentalis kernels were also fractionated into seven groups of SSM, SMM, MMM, SMD, MMD, SDD and MDD (S; saturated acid, M; monoenoic acid, D; dienoic acid) by silver ion-HPLC, although it's were classified into three groups of PN 44, 46 and 48 by reversed phase-HPLC. The fractions of SMM, MMM, MMD and MDD were divided into two subfractions, respectively; the fractions of SMM, MMM, MMD and MDD were resolved into the subfraction of PPe/Pe and POO (critical pairs from each other), that of Pe/Pe/Pe and OOO, that of Pe/Pe/L and OOL, and that of Pe/L/L and OLL.

CTA ester bonds in TG molecules were not attacked by pancreatic lipase and lipases produced by microbes such as Candida cylindracea, Chromobacterium viscosum, Geotricum candidium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizophus delemar, R. arrhizus and Mucor miehei. An aliquot of total TG of all the seed oils and each TG fraction of the oils collected from HPLC runs were deuterated prior to partial hydrolysis with Grignard reagent, because CTA molecule was destroyed with treatment of Grignard reagent. Deuterated TG (dTG) was hydrolyzed partially to a mixture of deuterated diacylglycerols (dDG), which were subsequently reacted with (S)-(+)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl isocyanate to derivatize into dDG-NEUs. Purified dDG-NEUs were resolved into 1, 3-, 1, 2- and 2, 3-dDG-NEU on silica columns in tandem of HPLC using a solvent of 0.4% propan-1-o1 (containing 2% water)-hexane. An aliquot of each dDG-NEU fraction was hydrolyzed and (fatty acid-PFB ester). These derivatives showed a diagnostic carboxylate ion, (M-1)-, as parent peak and a minor peak at m/z 196 (PFB-CH3)- on NICI mass spectra. In the mass spectra of the fatty acid-PFB esters of dTGs derived from the seed oils of T. kilirowii and M. charantia, peaks at m/z 285, 287, 289 and 317 were observed, which corresponded to (M-1)- of deuterized oleic acid (d2-C18:0), linoleic acid (d4-C18:0), punicic acid (d6-C18:0) and eicosamonoenoic acid (d2-C20:0), respectively. Fatty acid compositions of deuterized total TG of each oil measured by relative intensities of (M-1)- ion peaks were similar with those of intact TG of the oils by GLC. The composition of fatty acid-PFB esters of total dTG derived from the seed oils of T. kilirowii are as follows; C16:0, 4.6 mole % (4.8 mole %, intact TG by GLC), C18:0, 3.0 mole % (3.1 mole %), d2C18:0, 11.9 mole % (12.5 mole %, sum of C18:1Ω9 and C18:1Ω7), d4-C18:0, 39.3 mole % (38.9 mole %, sum of C18:2Ω6 and its isomer), d6-C18:0, 41.1 mole % (40.5 mole %, sum of C18:3 9c,11t,13c, C18:3 9c,11t,13r and C18:3 9t,11t,13c), d2-C20:0, 0.1 mole % (0.2 mole % of C20:1Ω9). In total dTG derived from the seed oils of M. charantia, the fatty acid components are C16:0, 1.5 mole % (1.8 mole %, intact TG by GLC), C18:0, 12.0 mole % (12.3 mole %), d2-C18:0, 16.9 mole % (17.4 mole %, sum of C18:1Ω9), d4-C18:0, 11.0 mole % (10.6 mole %, sum of C18:2Ω6), d6-C18:0, 58.6 mole % (57.5 mole %, sum of C18:3 9c,11t,13t and C18:3 9c,11t,13c). In the case of Aleurites fordii, C16:0; 2.2 mole % (2.4 mole %, intact TG by GLC), C18:0; 1.7 mole % (1.7 mole %), d2-C18:0; 5.5 mole % (5.4 mole %, sum of C18:1Ω9), d4-C18:0 ; 8.3 mole % (8.5 mole %, sum of C18:2Ω6), d6-C18:0; 82.0 mole % (81.2 mole %, sum of C18:3 9c,11t,13t and C18:3 9c,11t,13c). In the stereospecific analysis of fatty acid distribution in the TG species of the seed oils of T. kilirowii, C18:3 9c,11t,13r and C18:2Ω6 were mainly located at sn-2 and sn-3 position, while saturated acids were usually present at sn-1 position. And the major molecular species of (C18:2Ω6)(C18:3 9c,11t,13c)2 and (C18:1Ω9)(C18:2Ω6)(C18:3 9c,11t,13c) were predominantly composed of the stereoisomer of sn-1-C18:2Ω6, <..

Conjugate trienoic acids (CTA) occurred in triacylglycerols (TGs) of the seed oils of Trichosanthes kirilowii, Momordica charantia and Aleurites fordii, and they were easily converted to their methyl esters in a mixture of sodium methoxide-methanol without any structural destruction. The main fatty acids in triacylglycerol (TG) fraction of the seed oils of Trichosanthes kirilowii are C18:2Ω6 (32.2 mol %), C18:3 9c.11t,13c (38.0 mol %) and C18:1Ω9 (11.8 mol %), followed with C16:0 (4.8 mol %) and C18:0 (3.1 mol %). The TG fraction was resolved into 20 TG molecular species according to the partition number (PN) by reversed-phase (RP)-HPLC. The main TG species were DTc2, MDTc and D2Tc, of which amounts reached 63 mol % of total TG molecular species. The TG sample was fractionated into 11 fractions according to the number of double bond in the molecule by Ag+-HPLC and the species of DTc2, MDTc and D2Tc were also eluted as main components. The TG species containing CTA showed unusual behaviours in the order of elution by HPLC ; first, TG moleular species of DTc2 (D; dienoic acid, Tc; punicic acid, Tci; α-eleostearic acid, M ; monoenoic acid, St; stearic acid) was eluted earlier than Mtc2, although they have the same PN number of 40, and, secondly, the species of DTci2 with eight double bonds was eluted earlier than that of D2Tci with seven double bonds. Intact TG of the seed oils of Momordica charantia contained mainly fatty acids such as C18:3Ω9c,11t,13t (57.7 mol %), C18:1Ω9 (17.4 mol %), C18:0 (12.3 mol %) and C18:2Ω6 (10.6 mol %), and was classified into 13 fractions by RP-HPLC. The main TG species were as follows ; MTci2 [(C18:1Ω9)(C18:3 9c,11t,13t)2, 39.1 mol %] and StTci2 [(C18:0)(C18:3 9c,11t,13t)2, 33.9 mol %] comprising about 73 mol % of total TG species, accompanied by DTci2 [(C18:2Ω6)(C18:3 9c,11t,13t)2, 7.3 mol %], D2Tci [ (C18:2Ω6)2(C18:3 9c,11t,13t), 3.6 mol %] and MDTci [(C18:1Ω9)(C18:2Ω6)(C18:3 9c,11t,13t), 3.5 mol %]. Simple TG species of Tci3 [(C18:3 9c,11t,13t)3] was present in a small amount of 1.4 mol %, but other simple TG species were not detected. The TG was also resolved into 11 fractions according to the number of double bond by Ag+-HPLC, and the species were mainly occupied by MTci2 [(C18:1Ω9)(C18:3 9c,11t,13t)2, 39.4 mol %] and StT-ci2 [(C18:0)(C18:3 9c,11t,13t)2, 35.4 mol %] DTci2 species with eight double bonds was also developed faster than D2Tci one with seven double bonds as indicated in the analysis of TG of the seed oils of T. kirilowii, and MTci2 species with cis, trans, trans-configurated double bond was eluted earlier than MTc2 species with cis, trans, cis-configurated double bond. The main components of fatty acid in total TG fraction isolated from the seed oils of of Aleurites fordii were in the following order ; C18:3 9c,11t,13t (81.2 mol %)〉 C18:2Ω6 (8.5 mol %)〉 C18:1Ω9 (5.4 mol %). With resolution of the TG by RP-HPLC, eight fractions such as Tci3, Dtci2, D2Tci, MTci2, PTci2 (P; palmi..

견과류 중 sunflower seed, cashew nut, walnut, pistachio, pumpkin seed, ginkgo, hazel nut, pecan을 원료로 하여 지방산 조성 분석 및 sn-2 position 분석, triacylglycerol species의 분석, tocopherol, phytosterol 함량을 분석하였다. 조지방 함량은 hazel nut에서 약 39.60 wt%로 가장 높았으며, walnut 35.25 wt%, p

본 연구에서는 6종류의 종실에서 기름을 착유하여 조지방 함량(crude fat content) 측정 및 총 지방산 조성과 위치별 지방산 조성을 비교 분석 하였으며, triacylglycerol(TAG)의 조성과 tocopherol 함량을 분석하였다. Folch법을 이용하여 분석된 조지방 함량은 들깨 21.64%, 홍화씨 13.85%, 고추씨 9.60%, 석류씨 8.85%, 녹두 2.25%, 결명자 2.00%로 나타났다. 추출된 종실유의 지방산 분