감자를 마이크로웨이브 콜드 플라스마(microwave-powered cold plasma, MW-CP)로 처리한 후, 처리된 감자 내 polyphenol oxidase (PPO) 저해에 있어 표면적 대 부피 비의 영향을 관찰하였고, 형광 측정을 통해 단백질 구조의 변화를 관찰하였으며, 처리의 pH 및 저장 중 색도와 갈변도의 변화를 연구하였다. 또한, 감자에서 추출한 PPO 시료를 MW-CP 처리하여 Weibull model을 이용한 처리 시간에 따른 효소 활성을 예측하였다. MW-CP 형성 가스로 공기(O221%/N2)를 사용하였고, 667 Pa 압력에서 처리 전력 900 W로 40분 동안 감자를 MW-CP 처리하였다. 감자에서 추출한 PPO 시료는 처리 전력(500, 600, 800, 그리고 900 W)과 처리 시간(0, 10, 20, 30, 그리고 40분)을 다르게 하여 MW-CP 처리하였다. 감자의 표면적 대 부피 비가 7.13과 9.00일 때, PPO의 잔존 활성도는 각각 72.4와 58.9%로 표면적대 부피 비가 클수록 높은 저해 정도를 보였다(p<0.05). MW-CP 처리한 감자는 무처리군보다 유의적으로 낮은 형광강도를 보여(p<0.05), 단백질 구조의 변화로 인해 PPO의 활성이 저해되었음을 알 수 있었다. MW-CP 처리 전후 시료의 pH는 각각 6.5 ± 0.1과 6.5 ± 0.0으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며(p>0.05), 감자의 명도는 처리 전보다 후가 더 높았고(p<0.05), 저장 시간이 지날수록 낮아졌다(p<0.05). 적색도와 황색도는 MW-CP 처리 전후의 변화가 없었으며, 황색도는 저장 시간이 지나도 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p>0.05). MW-CP 처리된 감자의 갈변도는 처리되지 않은 감자보다 더 낮은 값을 보여(p<0.05), 색 관찰을 통해 MW-CP 처리가 감자의 갈변을 지연시킴을 알 수 있었다. Weibull model의 R2값은 처리 전력이 500, 600, 그리고 800 W일 때 각각 0.84, 0.76, 그리고 0.80으로 PPO 저해 예측에 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 MW-CP 처리가 감자의 PPO를 저해시킬 수 있는 기술로서의 가능성을 확인하였다.

The objectives of the present study were to examine the antioxidant activity of fractions with different isoelectric points from salmon enzymatic hydrolysates and obtain peptide fractions of sufficient amounts with higher antioxidant peptide fraction, which could be applied to the food and animal model systems. The salmon enzymatic hydrolysates were fractionated on the basis of the amphoteric nature of sample peptides by preparative isoelectric focusing without toxic solvents and reagents, which is termed autofocusing. Acidic and basic fractions showed higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity than the other fractions. The basic fractions showed higher hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging activity. The weak acidic and weak basic fractions showed higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values than the acidic and basic fractions. The acidic fraction showed higher metal chelating activity than other fractions. The acidic fraction suppressed lipid oxidation in the cooked patties to a greater extent than other fractions. These results suggest that peptides fractions from salmon enzymatic hydrolysate are effective antioxidant, and that autofocusing could be useful to increase antioxidant activity for application to food and animal model systems.

Curry ingredients such as turmeric, coriander, cumin, fennel, fenugreek often contain microbial contaminants. Our preliminary analysis showed that microbial contamination in fenugreek was relatively higher than other ingredients, and therefore the decontamination using a non-thermal plasma was performed to enhance its microbial quality. Corona discharge plasma jet (CDPJ) was used for the decontamination of fenugreek seeds. The results showed that aerobic bacteria were decreased by 0.88 - 2.51 log units, and yeast and mold exhibited the reduction of 0.58-1.95 log units with the treatment for 20 min. For the microbial inactivation pattern, the Weibull model gave the best distribution fit among the models tried. The decontamination effect of the CDPJ was enhanced with the decrease of the distance from the plasma electrode, and with the increase of the current intensity. The effect of the plasma treatment on antioxidant capacity of fenugreek seed was also investigated, and the obtained results indicated that total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging ability were unaffected by the treatment at a current intensity of 1.00 A regardless the treatment distance from the electrode, whereas significant increases were observed with the treatment at 1.25 A and 1.50 A currents.

Vitamin A, particularly all-trans retinol is excellent for anti-aging but is sensitive to oxygen, heat and light and has low solubility in water. In this study, retinol was encapsulated within oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion, protein-based particle and cycloamylose(CA). And then, it confirms that retinol contained in each delivery system is stable to UV, pH, and temperature and finally measures bioaccessibility. O/W emulsion was compared according to the type and concentration of emulsifier. UV stability of retinol increased with increasing oil concentration. More than 10 wt% of oil was required to maintain stable retinol (50% residual after 24 hours of irradiation). Using anionic emulsifier, retinol had unstable storage stability regardless of oil concentration and temperature. Protein based particle was compared according to the type of stabilizer and polysaccharide. UV stability of retinol was highest in pectin-coated particles. However, 20% retinol remains after 6 hours of irradiation and is vulnerable to UV compared to other delivery systems. In pH stability, pectin-coated particles also stably retained retinol. Inclusion complex of retinol and CA was compared according to the concentration of CA. When CA was used, the residual amount of retinol to UV was high (50% residual after 24 hours of irradiation) regardless of the concentration of the host molecule. In the case of storage stability, retinol remained significantly higher regardless of temperature when cycloamylose was used. It was finally confirmed bioaccessibility each of retinol delivery system. O/W emulsion was determined by emulsifier type, protein-based particle by coating agent, and inclusion complex by CA concentration. All O / W emulsions retained more than 50% retinol, protein based particles retained more than 80% retinol, and inclusion complex retained more than 70% retinol. The bioaccessibility of pure retinol is about 20%. This study provides important information for designing effective delivery systems for improving the stability of retinol.

배추의 저비용 고효과 저장 방법을 개발하기 위하여 토굴저장고를 개발하고 배추를 저장하여 저장수율과 김치가공적성을 평가하였다. 저장고 유형은 석회광산굴 내에 우레탄판넬로 설치한 토굴냉장형, 콘크리트로 높이가 2.5m로 낮고 복토한 암거형, 콘크리트로 높이가 5m이고 복토한 엄개형의 3가지 였고, 지상저장고를 대조구로 하였다. 배추는 2016년 여름, 가을, 2017년 겨울, 봄, 여름, 가을, 2018년 겨울 등 총 7회 저장하였고, 각각은 8-12주간 저장하였으며, 저장 중 저장수율과 가공수율을 측정하였다. 그리고 매달 저장 배추로 김치를 담아 저장배추의 품질을 평가하였다. 저장고 유형별 배추의 저장수율은 2016 여름배추 68-73%, 2016 가을배추 29-45%, 2017 겨울배추 67-87%, 2017 봄배추 70-89%, 2017 여름배추 82-92%, 2017 가을배추 79-95%로 나타났고, 가공수율은 2016 여름배추 72%, 2016 가을배추 9-21%, 2017 겨울배추 28-54%, 2017 봄배추 39-43%, 2017 가을배추 56-59%로 나타났다. 저장배추로 담근 김치의 품질은 저장고 유형 간에 유의적인 차이가 없이 보통 이상으로 나타났다.

소비자의 식품안전에 대한 관심 증가에 따라 시간과 비용이 많이 소요되는 기존 검사 방법을 대체할 수 있는 농식품 안전성 신속 검사 기술에 대한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 농식품의 품질 검사에 많이 활용되던 광학기술은 빠른 시간 내에 대량의 시료를 분석할 수 있는 장점 때문에 농식품 안전성 신속검사 분야에 활용하려는 시도가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구는 광학기술의 하나인 초분광 영상기술을 이용하여 농식품 안전성을 저해하는 세균의 번식환경을 제공하는 유기잔류물의 검출 가능성을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 연구에서는 농식품 가공기계 설비로 많이 사용되는 재료 표면에 남아있는 육류 및 과채류 잔류물의 초분광 영상을 획득하고, 400~1000 nm 범위에서 이들 유기잔류물의 특성 파장을 구명하였다.

경사지를 절개하고 콘크리트 구조물을 설치한 다음 구조물 벽과 천정을 단열하고 흙으로 덮어 엄개형 지하저장고를 개발하였다. 가로 4m, 세로 9m, 높이 5m의 저장고를 두께 400mm의 철근콘크리트 벽과 천정으로 설치하고, 외부를 콜탈로 방수한 다음 발포폴리스티렌 100mm로 단열하고, 비닐필름으로 방수한 다음 다시 외부를 자갈과 흙으로 2,000mm 두께로 복토하여 3중 중단열 하였다. 개폐 시 냉기의 손실을 억제하기 위하여 출입문을 2중문으로 설치하고 냉각기는 3마력 용량으로 설치하여 같은 크기의 기존 지상식 저장고의 5마력보다 40% 절약하였다. 여기에 봄배추, 가을배추, 겨울배추를 저장 시험한 결과 월평균 소비전력량이 15.2kwh/㎡로 지상식의 19.3-21.9kwh/㎡보다 21.3-30.6% 절약되었고 암반굴착식 지하저장고보다는 47.0% 절약되었다. 엄개형 지하저장고의 건설비는 소형(10평)은 지상저장고보다 고가이나, 50평형은 지상저장고와 비슷하였고, 25평형 4개를 연결하여 건설하면 더 저렴한 것으로 추정되었다. 저장배추의 품질은 처음 저장했던 2016년 가을배추는 지상저장고 저장 배추보다 낮았으나, 2017년 겨울배추, 봄배추, 가을배추는 지장저장고 저장 배추와 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 엄개형 지하저장시스템은 배추 등 청과물을 연중 저비용으로 저장할 수 있는 지상저장고를 대체할 수 있는 경제성 있는 저장시스템으로 평가되었다.

Residual detergents and surfactants on utensils have brought about health issues because they can be absorbed to human digestion system together with containing foods. In the present study, a dielectric barrier discharge plasma (DBDP) was used to explore the applicability of non-thermal plasma for the degradation of residual surfactants and dishwashing detergents in order to reduce the intake of the residues remaining on utensils as the result of incomplete rinsing during dishwashing procedures. DBDP was generated at current intensity 2.0 - 3.0 A, and electrode gap 2.5 mm. Diluted dishwashing detergents and surfactants were spotted on slide glasses and exposed to DBDP for different periods of time. The results indicated that the dishwashing detergents and surfactants were degraded by 46.9 - 84.3% after up to 120 min treatments. Weibull equation was the best fit model to the degradation patterns of surfactants, and the decimal degradation time(δ) of 180.2 - 688.9 min were observed according to currents. Surfactants contained in detergents were degraded more effectively than the surfactants themselves. Among the anion surfactants, DDBS was more rapidly degraded than LAS and ABS.

Aronia is difficult to eat because it has a bitter taste, bitter taste, and sour taste. Because processing is essential for eating, quality information suitable for processing is needed. This experiment was carried out to confirm the step suitable for processing. Four grades of ripening were collected from 3 varieties (Viking, Nero, McKenzie) based on color, and compared with samples stored for 2 weeks after harvesting. Physicochemical properties such as color, hardness, sugar content, pH and acidity, functional components such as total polyphenols and flavonoids, and antioxidative activities such as DPPH and ABTS were investigated. When compared according to varieties, the hardness of the first degree was highest in other degrees, Depending on harvest time, first degree was higher than other degrees and it decreased with harvest time. Varieties was not significant different lightness, redness and yellowness value. compared according to harvest time, redness was the highest in second degree and lightness, yellowness decreased with harvest time. sugar content was highest in Nero and Mckenzie, birx value increased significantly of ripening and increased with harvesting time. pH was found to be highest in Nero, acidity value was the highest in viking. DPPH, ABTS radical scavening were Nero varieties had the highest radial scavening and increased significantly as the ripening degree increased. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were found to be highest in Nero, the highest content was showed at the first degree of harvesting. The most suitable stage for the processing was considered to be the best after post harvest treatments considering brix, hardness and acidity.

Probiotics are defined as advantageous microorganisms to human when they are ingested. However, without any protection, the viability of microbes and their adhesive ability to surface of colon decreases through acidic condition such as stomach and intestines. Therefore, many studies have been conducted to figure out to enhance not only the viability of probiotics, but also its adhesion for increasing effect of probiotics. In this study, extrusion method was conducted to encapsulate Enterococcus faecium. E. faecium-alginate solution was injected to CaCl2 solution with regular side air injection. To prevent coagulation of beads, stirring was conducted in CaCl2 solution and encapsulated alginate-Ca2+ microspheres were produced. For optimal encapsulation condition, air pressure was 100 mbar, flow rate of E. faecium solution was 0.02 ml/h and stirring rate was 200 rpm. For mucoadhesive ability, Monolayer of HT-29 cells used as a colon cell and encapsulated cells were inoculated and incubated in 37℃, 5% CO2/95% air atmosphere for 1 h. Encapsulation efficiency of the encapsulation method used in this study was 98.2%. For mucoadhesive test, the concentration of inoculated E. faecium was 9.9×108 CFU/ml and the concentration of adhered E. faecium was 1.6×106 CFU/ml. In conclusion, encapsulation efficiency of extrusion method was high enough to be accepted for this study, however, alginate-Ca2+ microspheres revealed lower adhesive ability compared to expectation. Therefore, it needs further studies to increase adhesive ability with other polymers.

This study is done to evaluate a dry sterilization method of plant pathogens on the citrus during storage. Cold plasma technique based on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) technology was used for plasma actuating. Citrus was stored both cold (5℃, 90%RH) and ambient (18℃, 50%RH) store and analyzed for 3 weeks. Treatment (N=24) and control samples (N=48) were randomly divided for each group. The specification of the DBD plasma actuator is as follows: input voltage is 130 V, current is 0.3 A, flow rate is 15L/min, actuator operation time is 5 seconds (ON), and break time is 30 minutes (OFF). Concentration of ozone was 1.0~3.7 ppm and nitrogen dioxide was 0.5~2.5 ppm. Sterilized air was circularized by a diaphragm pump through a transparent Teflon pipe connected to the chamber and the actuator. Every 3~4 days, the selected samples were rinsed and then inoculated with potato dextrose agar (PDA) for 5 days. Cell number was counted by hemocytometer. Physical properties such as weight, color, soluble solid contents (SSC) and rigidity of peel were measured and compared during storage. Color and rigidity was measured four spots through equator of fruits.

Edible biopolymer films were developed from the exopolysaccharides (EPS) extracted from Weissella confusa 113-2. The optimum composition for film formation was determined using the response surface analysis with the explanatory variables of the EPS (0.5-5.5%) and glycerol (0.5-5.5%) concentrations and the response variable of film elastic modulus (EM). The mass ratio of distilled water to solids was set constant (14:1). Tensile strength (TS), percentage elongation at break (%E), EM, water vapor permeability (WVP) of EPS films were evaluated. The glass transition temperatures of the films were also determined by a dynamic mechanical analysis. The optimum mass ratio of EPS to glycerol was 0.754:0.375. The WVP, TS, %E, and EM of the film under the optimal composition were 3.53±0.21 g·mm/kPa·h·m2, 7.03±0.49 MPa, 84.82±12.31%, and 62.03±6.93 MPa, respectively. The glass transition temperature varied from 54 to 83 °C. The EPS film has the potential to be applied to food products as an edible film with physical and barrier properties comparable to other biopolymer edible films.

대부분의 세균은 표면에서 바이오필름을 형성한 상태로 존재하며, 식품 가공시설이나 주방 배수구 등의 경우 식품 접촉표면에서 잔류하는 음식물 찌꺼기와 미생물 세포의 정착으로 바이오필름을 형성한다. 표면에서 형성된 바이오필름은 제품 및 기기․기구의 교차 오염의 원인이 되며 식품을 매개로 한 식중독 발병의 가능성이 있어 식품 안전성의 잠재적 위해 요소가 된다. 본 연구는 식중독 발생 원인균인 E. coli에 의해 형성되는 바이오필름을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었으며, 바이오필름은 스테인리스 스틸 쿠폰 표면에 형성되어 부착된 세균수로 측정하였다. 연구 결과 Tryptic soy broth 배지에서 37℃에서 7일간 배양 할 때 쿠폰 표면에 대장균으로 인한 바이오필름이 형성되며, 이 때 대장균수는 3.98 log CFU/cm2로 측정되었다.

Stream of afterglow of an atmospheric pressure plasma can conveniently be used for large scale decontamination operations. In the present study, an afterglow dielectric-barrier discharge air plasma (ADDAP) was used to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 as a model microorganism for studying the plasma inactivation effect. The plasma was generated at current levels in the range of 0.4 - 0.8 A. The power consumption of ADDAP generation system ranged 169.5 - 221.9 W with respect to the current intensity range. At this current level, the temperature observed in the treatment chamber remained less than 30℃. Regarding chemical composition of ADDAP in the treatment chamber, NOx species were predominantly generated. The levels of NOx species increased as the current intensity increases and the maximum NO and NO2, concentrations noted were 6 and 4 ppm, respectively, but that of CO was less than 1 ppm level at 0.8 A. Upon treating with the ADDAP generated at 0.4 - 0.8 A for 180 min, E. coli O157:H7 showed 1.24 – 2.71 log reductions. The inactivation patterns exhibited better fit to Weibull-tail model. The comparison of delta values indicated that superior inactivation effects were observed as the current intensity increased.

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are getting attention as delivery system for nutraceuticals due to its low toxicity and higher loading efficiency of active ingredients. However, the cytotoxicity of NLC had not fully evaluated especially on neuroblastoma. In this study, cytotoxicity of NLC and curcumin-loaded NLC (C-NLC) were evaluated on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells investigating cell morphology, mitochondrial activity, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production compared to H2O2 treatment as a positive control. As a result, the metabolic activity was inhibited about 40% by 250ppm of NLC along with morphological change. C-NLC exhibited 50% inhibitory effect on mitochondrial activity at 500ppm, which was lower than NLC itself. Moreover, NLCs significantly induced ROS production which was recognized as one of the indicators of cytotoxicity generated by NLCs. In conclusion, lower cytotoxic effect was observed with NLC on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma based on ROS production and these investigation could be used for further application of NLC in food industry.

최근 두부 제조시장은 소용량 소포장, 건강한 원료를 첨가한 웰빙두부, 어린이용 캐릭터 두부 등으로 다양한 두부제품이 출시되었고, 소매시장 규모는 ’14년 4,169억원에서 ’16년 4,418억원으로 6%정도 성장하였으며, 국내산 두부로 판매가 가장 증가한 품목은 연두부로 현대인들이 식사대용으로 선호하고 있다. 또한 두부응고제로는 chloride-type, sulfate-type, glucono-δ-lactone 및 lactic acid와 같은 산성응고제 등이 있으나 대부분 화학 응고제로 최근에는 천연 응고제에 대한 소비자 요구도가 높아지고 있는 추세이다. 천연 응고제로 김치에서 분리한 유산균을 이용하여 연두부와 같은 식감을 가진 전두부를 만들고자 본 연구를 실시하였다. 전두부 재료로는 ’16년에 재배된 대원콩을 air mill로 분쇄하여 콩가루 입도를 50㎛수준으로 사용하였고, 전두부제조기(HTM-100A)를 이용하여 5배의 물을 넣고 제조하였으며, 대조구로는 압착두부를 만들어 사용하였다. 두부응고를 위한 균주로는 전북농업기술원에서 분리한 Lactobacillus sakei C-11 등 단백질분해능이 우수한 3종을 사용하였고, 시판균주로 KACC에서 분양받은 Lactobacillus sakei를 활용하였다. 제조방법은 콩분말과 물을 혼합하여 두유를 끓인 후 식혀서 균주를 넣고 30～32℃로 24시간을 배양하면서 응고되는 정도를 관찰하였다. 균주종류별 시간에 따른 응고정도는 Lactobacillus paracasei 3YC-3와 Lactobacillus sakei C-11 처리구에서 9시간 이후로 양호하였으며, 대조균주는 18시간 이후 동일한 응고가 관찰되었다. 시간별 생균수 증가를 보면 Lactobacillus paracasei 3YC-3이 2시간부터 생균수 증가가 활발하여 24시간에 가장 많은 생균수가 관찰되었으며, 균주별 이소플라본 함량을 보면 Lactobacillus paracasei 3YC-3이 압착두부 대비 41%, 시판균주 Lactobacillus sakei 대비 37%가 높게 나타났다.

This study was performed to analyze a saltiness enhancement at the same salt content through multiple emulsion. We compared the samples with different conditions to determine the optimum stability conditions of water-in-oil through layer separation rate, microscopic observation and size analysis. Four electrolytes such as NaCl, KCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 were used and agar contents ranged from 0 to 1% were experimented at different volume ratios including 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, and 1:9 of water and oil. As a result of this study, the droplet size according to the electrolyte type did not show significant differences (p<0.05). Therefore, KCl was used to facilitate in-body excretion of NaCl in the outer water phase, and corn oil containing 8%(w/w) polyglycerol polyricinoleate was used as oil phase. When the volume ratio of water and oil was 3:7, 2:8, and 1:9, the layer separation rate was relatively slow and droplet size was also small. It reveals that the particle size becomes smaller as the water volume ratio decreases. However, considering the amount of water to be stored and eluted on the inner water, appropriate volume ratio of water and oil should be adopted to 3: 7. At Microscopic observation depending on agar concentrations, small particle size appeared at 0.2% and 0.4% agars. When the water and oil ratio was fixed at 3:7, the particle size was measured at 0.2% and 0.4% agar using a zeta sizer. In conclusion, the droplet size of 0.2% agar was smaller than 0.4%. Therefore, the most stable water-in-oil emulsion was obtained with 0.2% agar, when water to oil ratio was 3:7.

Black pepper (piper nigrium L.) is a spice commonly used but has a problem with microbial control, so it needs non-thermal decontamination method for product quality of dried foods. Intense pulsed light (IPL) technology is a non-thermal method for superficial decontamination of foods to inactivate pathogenic microorganisms by using high peak power and short duration pulses of a broad-spectrum (170-2600 nm) using a xenon lamp. The objective of this study was to reduce total number of bacteria in ground black pepper effectively by combined treatments of IPL and immobilized TiO2 photocatalyst. Self-designed cyclone type of pilot-scaled IPL device (> 5 kg/h) was used, which makes samples to flow cyclonically in a vacuum space longer time rather than moving vertically. Using this device alone, without TiO2 coated, 0.3-0.6 log reductions were achieved under a total energy fluence of 14.85 J/cm2 (DC voltage; 1200, 1800, and 2400 V, pulse duty; 0.5, 2.1, and 3.0 ms, treatment time; 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 s, frequency; 2 Hz). Subsequently, TiO2-coated quartz plates with different layers between light source and samples were installed to observe the effect of photocatalyst and the efficiency of decontamination was improved slightly. However to increase the effect of the photocatalyst, several factors (TiO2 particle size, TiO2 film thickness and transparency, adhesiveness between quartz and photocatalyst, etc.) need to be concerned additionally. Nevertheless, the application of IPL treatment combined with TiO2 photocatalyst offers a potential of effective non-thermal decontamination method for dealing with powder foods in food industry.

최근에 식생활이 다양화되고 수산가공기술이 향상됨에 따라 소비자의 기호도에 맞는 새로운 어묵이 개발되어 시판되고 있다. 웰빙 시대에 부응하고 소비자의 요구에 따라 저칼로리, 저지방 어묵이 개발되어 단순한 식품의 부재료가 아닌 건강 및 기능성 식품으로 개선되고 있다. 더불어, 어묵은 다른 단백질 식품에 비하여 가격이 저렴하여 일반 서민들이 많이 애용 할 뿐만 아니라 어린이들의 단순한 간식용 먹거리로 사용되어 왔다. 그러나 유통 및 저장기간을 연장시키기 위해 아직도 어묵에 솔빈산염 등 합성보존료를 사용하고 있다. 소비자들의 식품의 안전에 관한 인식이 높아짐에 따라 합성보존료의 인체 유해성이 논란되고 있다. 소비자 단체, 방송 등에서 합성 보존료의 부정적 이미지를 부각하여 어묵 소비의 감소 초래하고 있는 실정이다. 특히, 튀김 어묵은 저장, 유통 중 지방산패 등 품질 저하를 야기하여 이를 방지하기 위해 가식성 또는 분해성 필름을 이용하여 포장하거나 합성산화방지제를 사용하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그라비올라(Annona muricata)는 가시여지 또는 구아나바나로 알려져 있는 식물로 원산지는 아메리카의 열대지방으로 미국, 아프리카, 아시아, 브라질 등에 널리 분포되어 있다. 잎은 어긋나고 단엽이며 상부는 광택이 있는 진녹색, 아래는 연녹식으로 열대지방에서는 잎을 전통적으로 암 및 다양한 질병을 치유하는데 사용하여왔는데 최근 많은 연구에 의해 많은 천연성분에 의해 다양한 암에 효능이 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 잎의 천연성분으로 akkaloids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, tannins, phenols, phytosterol 등이 분리되어 항산화능 또한 높이 평가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 그라비올라 잎을 ethanol과 증류수로 추출하여 각 추출물을 어묵에 첨가하여(1.0, 3.0%, w/w) 저장기간 동안 산화적 휘발성 물질의 저감효과를 평가하였다. 그라비올라 추출물은 총페놀등 항산화능을 비교하였으며 그라비올라를 첨가한 어묵을 제조하여 15℃에서 10일간 저장하면서 과산화물가와 GC-MS를 이용하여 산패취의 주요 물질인 hexanal, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-pentenal, heptenal 농도 변화를 측정하였다.