In the recent years, major ship registers have demanded improved safety on the hull stress of large bulk carriers which are on navigation or cargo handling in harbour. Under these circumstances, a system that monitors hull stress and ship condition is being more and more important. If efficient and appropriate navigational information is given, safety of navigation would be greatly improved. The major ship registers of the globe are investing a great effort on the development of a system that monitors the hull stress of ship. Using this system, information of hull stress and ship motion is given to the users and also the data is stored on the external data storage system simultaneously. Through this study, a software that monitors hull stress was developed. Not only can randomized input-data of the standard hardwares be applied to the system, but also this system can be operated on and applied to real hardware systems.
This study was conducted to evaluate chemical parameters on butchery wastes as a bulking agent in composting of swine manure. Treatments included T1 ; Swine manure + Rice hull, T2 ; Swine manure + Rice hull + Vermiculite, T3 ; Swine manure + Rice hull + Perlite, T4 ; Swine manure + Vermiculite, T5 ; Swine manure + Vermiculite + Perlite, T6 ; Swine manure + Perlite, T7 ; Swine manure + Rice hull + Vermiculite + Perlite. During the composting period, changes of temperature and pH were showed traditionally composting trend. Moisture, organic matter, total nitrogen and C/N ratio were higher rice hull than vermiculite and perlite treatments. Ammonia-N and EC were not differences among the treatments. In heavy metal, Cd and Cr were showed higher in vermiculite treatments than other treatments. Rice hull treatments were decreased volatile fatty acids compared to that of other treatments. In conclusion, rice hull containing high organic content was greater composting effects than vermiculite and perlite containing low organic content.
pH(H2O), pH(KCl), CEC(cation exchange capacity), O.M.(organic matter) and exchangeable cations(K, Na, Ca, Mg) of paddy soil, upland soil and forest soil in Kumi city were investigated for the purpose of knowing soil acidification and the correlation between soil acidification and leaching of inorganic salts.
The mean pH(H2O) values of paddy soil were 5.23(surface soil) and 5.69(subsoil), and those of upland soil were 6.37(surface soil) and 6.11(subsoil), and those of forest soil were 4.67(surface soil) and 4.74(subsoil). The mean pH(KC1) values of paddy soil were 4.59(surface soil) and 4.98(subsoil), and those of upland soil were 5.48(surface soil) and 5.04(subsoil), and those of forest soil were 3.82(surface soil) and 3.89(subsoil). The acidification of forest soil was more rapid than that of paddy soil and upland soil.
The total mean amounts of exchangeable cations(K, Na, Ca, Mg) in paddy soils were 6.14me/100g(surface soil) and 5.64me/100g(subsoil), and those in upland soils were 6.86me/100g(surface soil) and 6.65 me/100g (subsoil), and those in forest soils were 4.06me/100g(surface soil) and 3.34me/100g (subsoil). The contents of inorganic salts in forest soil were much less than those of paddy soil and upland soil.
The correlation coefficients(r) between pH(H2O) values and the total amounts of exchangeable cations in soils were 0.6635** (surface soil) and 0.6946** (subsoil), and those between pH(KCI) values and exchangeable cations in soils were 0.6629** (surface soil) and 0.5675**(subsoil).The correlation between soil acidification and leaching of inorganic salts in soil was positively significant at 1% level.
In an attempt to evaluate the possibility of producing an organic fertilizer using sediments from coastal farming areas, the chemical composition, bacteriological quality and heavy metals in the sediments alkalized by quicklime and magnesium hydroxide were analyzed. The optimum reaction was obtained from the following conditions : a 1:4 mixture of dry sediment to food wastes and the addition of 30% quicklime to the mixture. According to the classification standard for compost constituent by Higgins, all composts had a low or intermediate grade in T-N and K2O content, a low grade in P2O5 and a high grade in CaO and MgO content. Stabilization by quicklime and magnesium hydroxide is likely to inhibit the bacterial decomposition of organic matter and the activity of pathogenic organisms. Raising the pH of stabilized sediments to 12 for 2 hours(PSRP criteria of EPA) allowed 99.99% of the coliform group, fecal group and viable cell count to be reduced. The results suggested that the crude fertilizer produced by alkaline stabilization method was innoxious and thereby the sediments from coastal farming areas could be used as organic fertilizer.
작약 비가림 재배시 생육 특성과 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 시험을 수행한 결과는 아래와 같다. 비가림 재배시 노지 재배에 비해 맹아기와 개화기가 각각 9일, 15일빨랐으며 경장, 경수 등도 더 크거나 많았다. 병발생은 녹병, 탄저병, 횐가루병, 뿌리썩음병은 비가림 재배가 노지 재배에 비해 현저히 감소 되었으나 점무늬병은 비슷하였다. 근장, 근수, 근경은 비가림 재배가 노지 재배에 비해 생육이 양호하였으며 뿌리 수량도 비가림 재배가 10a당 2,395kg으로서 노지 재배의 2,201kg, 1,892kg에 비해 27%, 9% 증수 되었다. 품질면에서 뿌리 색도는 비가림 재배가 노지 재배에 비해 더 양호하였으며 상품 수량도 향상되었다.
도입한 작약 92계통중 12계통은 조기 고사하거나 생육이 불량하였고 80계통 중 65계통의 개화하였다. 조기개화계통으로는 9616, 9646, 9671등이 있었고 만기개화계통으로는 9632, 9638, 9658등이 있었다. 9651, 9655, 9662, 9677등은 절화용으로 좋았다. 9645, 9653은 semi-double형으로 독특하였고 9635는 백색과 황색의 겹꽃으로 아름다웠다. 9637, 9645, 9670은 키 큰 화단용으로 좋을 뿐 아니라 뿌리수량이 매우 높아 다수성 계통으로 평가되었다. 9613, 9628, 9635, 9642, 9655, 9680은 paeoniflorin 고함량 계통이었다. 이런 다수성 계통 및 Paeoniflorin 고함량 계통은 약용작약품종의 육종자원으로도 이용될 수 있을 것이며 9637, 9645, 9676, 9677등은 수량과 약효성분이 적절하여 관상용과 약용을 겸한 겸용품종으로 이용 가능성을 보였다.